{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T23:36:29Z","timestamp":1778628989628,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Duke University Press","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,5]],"date-time":"2017-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1499212800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Most young people in the United States express the desire to marry. Norms at all socioeconomic levels posit marriage as the optimal context for childbearing. At the same time, nonmarital fertility accounts for approximately 40\u00a0% of U.S. births, experienced disproportionately by women with educational attainment less than a bachelor\u2019s degree. Research has shown that women\u2019s intentions for the number and timing of children and couples\u2019 intent to marry are strong predictors of realized fertility and marriage. The present study investigates whether U.S. young women\u2019s preferences about nonmarital fertility, as stated before childbearing begins, predict their likelihood of having a nonmarital first birth. I track marriage and fertility histories through ages 24\u201330 of women asked at ages 11\u201316 whether they would consider unmarried childbearing. One-quarter of women who responded \u201cno\u201d in fact had a nonmarital birth by age 24\u201330. The ability of women and their partners to access material resources in adulthood were, as expected, the strongest predictors of the likelihood of nonmarital childbearing. Nonetheless, I find that women who said they would not consider nonmarital childbearing had substantially higher hazards of fertility postponement and especially of marital fertility, even after controlling for race\/ethnicity, mother\u2019s educational attainment, family of origin intactness, self-efficacy and planning ability, perceived future prospects, and markers of own educational attainment and work experience into early adulthood.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s13524-017-0586-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,5]],"date-time":"2017-07-05T14:51:16Z","timestamp":1499266276000},"page":"1451-1475","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Does It Matter What She Wants? The Role of Individual Preferences Against Unmarried Motherhood in Young Women\u2019s Likelihood of a Nonmarital First Birth"],"prefix":"10.1215","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Rachel M.","family":"Shattuck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Maryland Population Research Center, University of Maryland, 2105 Morrill Hall, College Park, MD 20742, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"73","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025120911130578400_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.2307\/2991518","article-title":"Young women\u2019s degree of control over first intercourse: An exploratory analysis","volume":"30","author":"Abma","year":"1998","journal-title":"Family Planning Perspectives"},{"issue":"article 8","key":"2025120911130578400_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.4054\/DemRes.2013.29.8","article-title":"Fertility intentions: An approach based on the theory of planned behavior","volume":"29","author":"Ajzen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Demographic Research"},{"key":"2025120911130578400_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1728-4457.2013.00612.x","article-title":"A cognitive-social model of fertility intentions","volume":"39","author":"Bachrach","year":"2013","journal-title":"Population and Development Review"},{"key":"2025120911130578400_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1006\/ssre.2000.0697","article-title":"The intergenerational transmission of age at first birth among married and unmarried women","volume":"30","author":"Barber","year":"2001","journal-title":"Social Science Research"},{"key":"2025120911130578400_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.2307\/3090128","article-title":"Ideational influences on the transition to parenthood: Attitudes toward childbearing and competing alternatives","volume":"64","author":"Barber","year":"2001","journal-title":"Social Psychology Quarterly"},{"key":"2025120911130578400_CR6","first-page":"282","article-title":"Work devotion and work time","volume-title":"Fighting for time: Shifting boundaries of work and social life","author":"Blair-Loy","year":"2004"},{"key":"2025120911130578400_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2014.09.014","article-title":"\u201cIt just happens\u201d: A qualitative study exploring low-income women\u2019s perspectives on pregnancy intentions and planning","volume":"91","author":"Borrero","year":"2015","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"2025120911130578400_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1177\/000312240106600203","article-title":"The wage penalty for motherhood","volume":"66","author":"Budig","year":"2001","journal-title":"American Sociological Review"},{"key":"2025120911130578400_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1007\/s11113-008-9083-8","article-title":"Parental cohabitation experiences and adolescent behavior outcomes","volume":"27","author":"Bulanda","year":"2008","journal-title":"Population Research and Policy Review"},{"key":"2025120911130578400_CR10","volume-title":"Putting children first: How low-wage working mothers manage child care","author":"Chaudry","year":"2004"},{"key":"2025120911130578400_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.09.009","article-title":"Unintended pregnancy and associated preconception, prenatal and postpartum behaviors","volume":"79","author":"Cheng","year":"2009","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"2025120911130578400_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1093\/sf\/sou084","article-title":"Sexual subjectivity among adolescent girls: Social disadvantage and young adult outcomes","volume":"93","author":"Cheng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Social Forces"},{"key":"2025120911130578400_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0022-2445.2004.00058.x","article-title":"The deinstitutionalization of marriage","volume":"66","author":"Cherlin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Marriage and Family"},{"key":"2025120911130578400_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1086\/229609","article-title":"Adolescent competence and the shaping of the life course","volume":"96","author":"Clausen","year":"1991","journal-title":"American Journal of Sociology"},{"key":"2025120911130578400_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1525\/sp.2014.12255","article-title":"Family socioeconomic status, peers, and the path to college","volume":"61","author":"Crosnoe","year":"2014","journal-title":"Social Problems"},{"key":"2025120911130578400_CR16","volume-title":"For the family? 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