{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T06:15:33Z","timestamp":1785910533036,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,20]],"date-time":"2013-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1379635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J cachexia sarcopenia muscle"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Low serum albumin is common and associated with protein\u2010energy wasting, inflammation, and poor outcomes in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. We hypothesized that in\u2010center (in dialysis clinic) provision of high\u2010protein oral nutrition supplements (ONS) tailored for MHD patients combined with anti\u2010oxidants and anti\u2010inflammatory ingredients with or without an anti\u2010inflammatory appetite stimulator (pentoxifylline, PTX) is well tolerated and can improve serum albumin concentration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Between January 2008 and June 2010, 84 adult hypoalbuminemic (albumin &lt;4.0\u00a0g\/dL) MHD outpatients were double\u2010blindly randomized to receive 16\u00a0weeks of interventions including ONS, PTX, ONS with PTX, or placebos. Nutritional and inflammatory markers were compared between the four groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Out of 84 subjects (mean \u00b1 SD; age, 59\u2009\u00b1\u200912\u00a0years; vintage, 34\u2009\u00b1\u200934\u00a0months), 32\u00a0% were Blacks, 54\u00a0% females, and 68\u00a0% diabetics. ONS, PTX, ONS plus PTX, and placebo were associated with an average change in serum albumin of +0.21 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.004), +0.14 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.008), +0.18 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001), and +0.03\u00a0g\/dL (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.59), respectively. No related serious adverse events were observed. In a predetermined intention\u2010to\u2010treat regression analysis modeling post\u2010trial serum albumin as a function of pre\u2010trial albumin and the three different interventions (ref = placebo), only ONS without PTX was associated with a significant albumin rise (+0.17\u2009\u00b1\u20090.07\u00a0g\/dL, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.018).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this pilot\u2010feasibility, 2\u2009\u00d7\u20092 factorial, placebo\u2010controlled trial, daily intake of a CKD\u2010specific high\u2010protein ONS with anti\u2010inflammatory and anti\u2010oxidative ingredients for up to 16\u00a0weeks was well tolerated and associated with slight but significant increase in serum albumin levels. Larger long\u2010term controlled trials to examine hard outcomes are indicated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Electronic supplementary material<\/jats:title><jats:p>The online version of this article (doi:10.1007\/s13539\u2010013\u20100115\u20109) contains supplementary material.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s13539-013-0115-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,19]],"date-time":"2013-09-19T12:46:53Z","timestamp":1379594813000},"page":"247-257","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Anti\u2010Inflammatory and Anti\u2010Oxidative Nutrition in Hypoalbuminemic Dialysis Patients (AIONID) study: results of the pilot\u2010feasibility, double\u2010blind, randomized, placebo\u2010controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Manoch","family":"Rattanasompattikul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Harold Simmons Center for Kidney Disease Research &amp; 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