{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T02:11:49Z","timestamp":1782439909284,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,4]],"date-time":"2024-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dermatol Ther (Heidelb)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s13555-024-01163-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,4]],"date-time":"2024-05-04T10:01:38Z","timestamp":1714816898000},"page":"1189-1210","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (20\u00a0MHz) and Cryotherapy as Therapeutic Options for Granuloma Annulare and Other Inflammatory Skin Conditions"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4492-8551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacek","family":"Calik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7954-1429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomasz","family":"Zawada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1898-3952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia","family":"Sauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3918-1182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Torsten","family":"Bove","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"1163_CR1","unstructured":"James WD, Berger TG, Elston DM, et al. Andrews\u2019 diseases of the skin: clinical dermatology. Twelfth edition. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016. https:\/\/www.clinicalkey.com\/dura\/browse\/bookChapter\/3-s2.0-C20120068895. Accessed 3 Apr 2024."},{"key":"1163_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.2147\/CCID.S348106","volume":"15","author":"J Calik","year":"2022","unstructured":"Calik J, Migdal M, Zawada T, et al. Treatment of seborrheic keratosis by high frequency focused ultrasound\u2014an early experience with 11 consecutive cases. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2022;15:145\u201356.","journal-title":"Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol"},{"key":"1163_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.12883","volume":"26","author":"J Serup","year":"2020","unstructured":"Serup J, Bove T, Zawada T, et al. High-frequency (20 MHz) high-intensity focused ultrasound: new treatment of actinic keratosis, basal cell carcinoma, and Kaposi sarcoma. An open-label exploratory study. Skin Res Technol. 2020;26:824\u201331.","journal-title":"Skin Res Technol"},{"key":"1163_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1159\/000520536","volume":"238","author":"SM Seyed Jafari","year":"2022","unstructured":"Seyed Jafari SM, Cazzaniga S, Bossart S, et al. Efficacy assessment of the high-frequency high-intensity focused ultrasound as a new treatment for actinic keratosis. Dermatology. 2022;238:662\u20137.","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"1163_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-80135-1","volume":"11","author":"BZ Fite","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fite BZ, Wang J, Kare AJ, et al. Immune modulation resulting from MR-guided high intensity focused ultrasound in a model of murine breast cancer. Sci Rep. 2021;11:927.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1163_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1038347","author":"RJE van den Bijgaart","year":"2022","unstructured":"van den Bijgaart RJE, Mekers VE, Schuurmans F, et al. Mechanical high-intensity focused ultrasound creates unique tumor debris enhancing dendritic cell-induced T\u00a0cell activation. Front Immunol. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1038347.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1163_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-19-1604","volume":"26","author":"A Eranki","year":"2020","unstructured":"Eranki A, Srinivasan P, Ries M, et al. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) triggers immune sensitization of refractory murine neuroblastoma to checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Clin Cancer Res. 2020;26:1152\u201361.","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"1163_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1616","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-020-02515-y","volume":"48","author":"M Silva","year":"2020","unstructured":"Silva M, Freitas B, Andrade R, et al. Computational modelling of the bioheat transfer process in human skin subjected to direct heating and\/or cooling sources: a systematic review. Ann Biomed Eng. 2020;48:1616\u201339.","journal-title":"Ann Biomed Eng"},{"key":"1163_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu F, Lu TJ, Seffen KA, et al. Mathematical modeling of skin bioheat transfer. Appl Mech Rev. 2009;62. https:\/\/cir.nii.ac.jp\/crid\/1361418518794014976.","DOI":"10.1115\/1.3124646"},{"key":"1163_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1080\/02656736.2018.1506166","volume":"35","author":"P Gupta","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gupta P, Srivastava A. Numerical analysis of thermal response of tissues subjected to high intensity focused ultrasound. Int J Hyperthermia. 2018;35:419\u201334.","journal-title":"Int J Hyperthermia"},{"key":"1163_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.3390\/math9131459","volume":"9","author":"M Marin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Marin M, Hobiny A, Abbas I. Finite element analysis of nonlinear bioheat model in skin tissue due to external thermal sources. Mathematics. 2021;9:1459.","journal-title":"Mathematics"},{"key":"1163_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1080\/10407782.2014.937201","volume":"67","author":"A Bhowmik","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bhowmik A, Repaka R, Mishra SC. Thermal analysis of the increasing subcutaneous fat thickness within the human skin\u2014a numerical study. Num Heat Transfer Part A. 2015;67:313\u201329.","journal-title":"Num Heat Transfer Part A"},{"key":"1163_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1109\/58.365232","volume":"42","author":"CA Damianou","year":"1995","unstructured":"Damianou CA, Hynynen K, Fan X. Evaluation of accuracy of a theoretical model for predicting the necrosed tissue volume during focused ultrasound surgery. IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control. 1995;42:182\u20137.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control"},{"key":"1163_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.3109\/02656736.2014.997311","volume":"31","author":"A Shaw","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shaw A, ter Haar G, Haller J, et al. Towards a dosimetric framework for therapeutic ultrasound. Int J Hyperth. 2015;31:182\u201392.","journal-title":"Int J Hyperth"},{"key":"1163_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schmieder SJ, Harper CD, Schmieder GJ. Granuloma annulare. StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls; 2023. http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK459377\/.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-20343-5"},{"key":"1163_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-021-00636-1","volume":"23","author":"TP Joshi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Joshi TP, Duvic M. Granuloma annulare: an updated review of epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment options. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2022;23:37\u201350.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"1163_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2021.1847","volume":"157","author":"JS Barbieri","year":"2021","unstructured":"Barbieri JS, Rodriguez O, Rosenbach M, et al. Incidence and prevalence of granuloma annulare in the United States. JAMA Dermatol. 2021;157:1\u20138.","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"1163_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stewart LR, George S, Hamacher KL, et al. Granuloma annulare of the palms. Dermatol Online J. 2011;17. https:\/\/escholarship.org\/uc\/item\/5kg28155.","DOI":"10.5070\/D35KG28155"},{"key":"1163_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2002.01783.x","volume":"118","author":"M Mempel","year":"2002","unstructured":"Mempel M, Musette P, Flageul B, et al. T-cell receptor repertoire and cytokine pattern in granuloma annulare: defining a particular type of cutaneous granulomatous inflammation. J Investig Dermatol. 2002;118:957\u201366.","journal-title":"J Investig Dermatol"},{"key":"1163_CR20","first-page":"368","volume":"109","author":"M Cicho\u0144","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cicho\u0144 M, Placek WJ. Granuloma annulare\u2014diagnostic challenges. Dermatology Review\/Przegl\u0105d Dermatologiczny. 2022;109:368\u201390.","journal-title":"Dermatology Review\/Przegl\u0105d Dermatologiczny"},{"key":"1163_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-017-0334-5","volume":"19","author":"J Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang J, Khachemoune A. Granuloma annulare: a focused review of therapeutic options. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2018;19:333\u201344.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"1163_CR22","first-page":"102","volume":"103","author":"CB Rubin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rubin CB, Rosenbach M. Granuloma annulare: a retrospective series of 133 patients. Cutis. 2019;103:102\u20136.","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"1163_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1159\/000507247","volume":"236","author":"TM Nordmann","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nordmann TM, Kim J-R, Dummer R, et al. A monocentric, retrospective analysis of 61 patients with generalized granuloma annulare. Dermatology. 2020;236:369\u201374.","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"1163_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1111\/cup.13707","volume":"47","author":"U Khanna","year":"2020","unstructured":"Khanna U, North JP. Patch-type granuloma annulare: an institution-based study of 23 cases. J Cutan Pathol. 2020;47:785\u201393.","journal-title":"J Cutan Pathol"},{"key":"1163_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1994.tb03384.x","volume":"130","author":"U Blume-Peytavi","year":"1994","unstructured":"Blume-Peytavi U, Zouboulis CC, Jacobi H, et al. Successful outcome of cryosurgery in patients with granuloma annulare. Br J Dermatol. 1994;130:494\u20137.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"1163_CR26","unstructured":"COMSOL. COMSOL Multiphysics version 5.4. Acoustics module. User\u2019s guide and model library. COMSOL; 2018."},{"key":"1163_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-018-02177-x","volume":"47","author":"A Andreozzi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Andreozzi A, Brunese L, Iasiello M, et al. Modeling heat transfer in tumors: a review of thermal therapies. Ann Biomed Eng. 2019;47:676\u201393.","journal-title":"Ann Biomed Eng"},{"key":"1163_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cryogenics.2017.01.011","volume":"83","author":"X Liu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu X, Xue R, Ruan Y, et al. Effects of injection pressure difference on droplet size distribution and spray cone angle in spray cooling of liquid nitrogen. Cryogenics. 2017;83:57\u201363.","journal-title":"Cryogenics"},{"key":"1163_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-5629(79)90086-3","volume":"5","author":"SA Goss","year":"1979","unstructured":"Goss SA, Frizzell LA, Dunn F. Ultrasonic absorption and attenuation in mammalian tissues. Ultrasound Med Biol. 1979;5:181\u20136.","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol"},{"key":"1163_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.3109\/02656736.2015.1114153","volume":"32","author":"GC van Rhoon","year":"2016","unstructured":"van Rhoon GC. Is CEM43 still a relevant thermal dose parameter for hyperthermia treatment monitoring? Int J Hyperthermia. 2016;32:50\u201362.","journal-title":"Int J Hyperthermia"},{"key":"1163_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1070\/PU2008v051n03ABEH006449","volume":"51","author":"AI Zhmakin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zhmakin AI. Physical aspects of cryobiology. Phys-Usp. 2008;51:231.","journal-title":"Phys-Usp"},{"key":"1163_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1080\/15397734.2020.1836652","volume":"51","author":"T Kumari","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kumari T, Kumar D, Rai KN, et al. Numerical solution of DPL heat transfer model in multi-layer biological skin tissue of the living body during hyperthermia treatment. Mech Based Des Struct Mach. 2023;51:159\u201378.","journal-title":"Mech Based Des Struct Mach"},{"key":"1163_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2022.109953","volume":"229","author":"B Choudhary","year":"2023","unstructured":"Choudhary B, Udayraj. Local and overall convective heat transfer coefficients for human body with air ventilation clothing: parametric study and correlations. Build Environ. 2023;229: 109953.","journal-title":"Build Environ"},{"key":"1163_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1114\/1.1432691","volume":"30","author":"JW Tunnell","year":"2002","unstructured":"Tunnell JW, Torres JH, Anvari B. Methodology for estimation of time-dependent surface heat flux due to cryogen spray cooling. Ann Biomed Eng. 2002;30:19\u201333.","journal-title":"Ann Biomed Eng"},{"key":"1163_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1260\/1756-8277.4.4.341","volume":"4","author":"F Sun","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sun F, Mart\u00ednez-Su\u00e1stegui L, Wang G-X, et al. Numerical prediction of the intracellular ICE formation zone during cryosurgery on a nodular basal cell carcinoma using liquid nitrogen spray. Int J Spray Combust Dyn. 2012;4:341\u201379.","journal-title":"Int J Spray Combust Dyn"},{"key":"1163_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1007\/s00231-018-2407-2","volume":"55","author":"C Kumari","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kumari C, Kumar A, Sarangi SK, et al. Effect of adjuvant on cutaneous cryotherapy. Heat Mass Transfer. 2019;55:247\u201360.","journal-title":"Heat Mass Transfer"},{"key":"1163_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.12786","volume":"26","author":"S Soegaard","year":"2020","unstructured":"Soegaard S, Aarup V, Serup J, et al. High-frequency (20 MHz) high-intensity focused ultrasound system for dermal intervention: a 12-week local tolerance study in minipigs. Skin Res Technol. 2020;26:241\u201354.","journal-title":"Skin Res Technol"},{"key":"1163_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2022.03.002","volume":"48","author":"T Zawada","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zawada T, Bove T. Strongly focused HIFU transducers with simultaneous optical observation for treatment of skin at 20 MHz. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2022;48:1309\u201327.","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol"},{"key":"1163_CR39","first-page":"275","volume":"14","author":"J Calik","year":"2022","unstructured":"Calik J, Zawada T, Bove T. Treatment of condylomata acuminata using a new non-vapor-generating focused ultrasound method following imiquimod 5% cream. CDE. 2022;14:275\u201382.","journal-title":"CDE"},{"key":"1163_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1975","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-021-02833-9","volume":"49","author":"VS Bachu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bachu VS, Kedda J, Suk I, et al. High-intensity focused ultrasound: a review of mechanisms and clinical applications. Ann Biomed Eng. 2021;49:1975\u201391.","journal-title":"Ann Biomed Eng"},{"key":"1163_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-5629(95)00049-6","volume":"21","author":"CM Moran","year":"1995","unstructured":"Moran CM, Bush NL, Bamber JC. Ultrasonic propagation properties of excised human skin. Ultrasound Med Biol. 1995;21:1177\u201390.","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol"},{"key":"1163_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.13280","volume":"29","author":"S Mortazavi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mortazavi S, Mokhtari-Dizaji M. Numerical study of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) in fat reduction. Skin Res Technol. 2023;29:e13280.","journal-title":"Skin Res Technol"},{"key":"1163_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1680\/geot.2009.59.3.213","volume":"59","author":"S Nishimura","year":"2009","unstructured":"Nishimura S, Martin CJ, Jardine RJ, et al. A new approach for assessing geothermal response to climate change in permafrost regions. G\u00e9otechnique. 2009;59:213\u201327.","journal-title":"G\u00e9otechnique"},{"key":"1163_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0846.2009.00410.x","volume":"16","author":"N Nakagawa","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nakagawa N, Matsumoto M, Sakai S. In vivo measurement of the water content in the dermis by confocal Raman spectroscopy. Skin Res Technol. 2010;16:137\u201341.","journal-title":"Skin Res Technol"}],"container-title":["Dermatology and Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13555-024-01163-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s13555-024-01163-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13555-024-01163-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T13:28:26Z","timestamp":1716470906000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s13555-024-01163-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]}},"alternative-id":["1163"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13555-024-01163-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["2193-8210","2190-9172"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2193-8210","type":"print"},{"value":"2190-9172","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 March 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 April 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 May 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Jacek Calik and Natalia Sauer have no conflicts of interest to declare. Torsten Bove and Tomasz Zawada are shareholders of TOOsonix A\/S, and both have no other conflict of interest to declare.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}},{"value":"The Declaration of Helsinki\u2019s guiding principles were followed in the creation of this article. An ethical approval from Bioethical Review Board at Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland (no. KB109\/2023)\u00a0has been obtained in compliance with local law and institutional norms to undertake this study. The authors attest that the patient\u2019s written consent has been received for the submission and publishing of this report, including the data and photographs.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}}]}}