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Notably, mucus production may also be observed in the five subtypes of adenocarcinoma grouped under the higher-level diagnosis of Invasive Non-mucinous Adenocarcinomas (NMA). Overlapping pathologic features in mucus-producing tumors can cause diagnostic confusion with significant clinical consequences. In this study, we established lung tumoroids, PDT-LUAD#99, from a patient with NMA and mucus production. The tumoroids were derived from the malignant pleural effusion of a patient with lung cancer and have been successfully developed for long-term culture (&gt;\u200911\u00a0months). Karyotyping by fluorescence in situ hybridization using an alpha-satellite probe showed that tumoroids harbored aneuploid karyotypes. Subcutaneous inoculation of PDT-LUAD#99 lung tumoroids into immunodeficient mice resulted in tumor formation, suggesting that the tumoroids were derived from cancer. Xenografts from PDT-LUAD#99 lung tumoroids reproduced the solid adenocarcinoma with mucin production that was observed in the patient's metastatic lymph nodes. Immunoblot analysis showed MUC5AC secretion into the culture supernatant of PDT-LUAD#99 lung tumoroids, which in contradistinction was barely detected in the culture supernatants of NCI-A549 and NCI-H2122 pulmonary adenocarcinoma cells known for their mucin-producing abilities. Here, we established a novel high-mucus-producing lung tumoroids from a solid adenocarcinoma. This preclinical model may be useful for elucidating the pathogenesis of mucus-producing lung cancer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s13577-024-01060-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]],"date-time":"2024-04-17T18:01:41Z","timestamp":1713376901000},"page":"1194-1204","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Establishment and characterization of novel high mucus-producing lung tumoroids derived from a patient with pulmonary solid adenocarcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Miki","family":"Iwai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Etsuko","family":"Yokota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuta","family":"Ishida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takuro","family":"Yukawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshio","family":"Naomoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasumasa","family":"Monobe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minoru","family":"Haisa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nagio","family":"Takigawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2890-0599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takuya","family":"Fukazawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoki","family":"Yamatsuji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"1060_CR1","unstructured":"W.H.O.c.o.t.e. board, Thoracic tumours. 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Yamatsuji reports grants from MSD, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Daiichi-Sankyo Co., Ltd., Kaken Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Astellas Pharma Inc., Eli Lilly Japan, Shionogi Pharma Co., Ltd., Taiho Pharmaceutical, Bayer Yakuhin, Ltd., and Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and personal fees from Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., outside of the submitted work. N. Takigawa reports grants and personal fees from Eli Lilly Japan, AstraZeneca, Daiichi-Sankyo Co., Ltd., Chugai Pharmaceutical, Taiho Pharmaceutical, Pfizer Inc., Japan, Boehringer-Ingelheim Japan, and Ono Pharmaceutical; grants from Kyowa Hakko Kirin, Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., and Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; and personal fees from MSD and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Japan, outside of the submitted work. No disclosures have been reported by the other authors. T. Fukazawa reports personal fees from Boehringer-Ingelheim, Japan.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The research protocol received approval from the Ethics Committee of the Kawasaki Medical School, with the assigned reference number 3171\u20135. All studies involving the use of animals were approved by the animal research committee of Kawasaki Medical School (Reference Number: 23\u2013047). The care and use of animals were conducted in accordance with the committee regulations.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"The patient who participated in the present study signed an informed consent form approved by the responsible authority.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to T.F.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Additional information"}}]}}