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Nonetheless, GH excess may also favor the development of hepatocellular carcinoma, possibly through mechanisms unrelated to hepatic fibrosis. From a clinical perspective, individuals with acromegaly have low rates of hepatic steatosis and visceral adipose tissue (VAT), but high insulin resistance (IR), which contradicts the generally observed positive association between IR and VAT or hepatic steatosis. By contrast, limited data do not support lower rates of hepatic fibrosis in acromegaly, possibly because GH excess is controlled after diagnosis. From a therapeutic perspective, published evidence, derived mainly from case series, suggests that surgical or pharmacological management of acromegaly increases hepatic steatosis and VAT, despite decreasing IR. However, the long\u2013term effect of acromegaly control on hepatic inflammation and fibrosis remains largely unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Acromegaly is associated with IR, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension and cardiovascular disease; however, acromegaly is inversely associated with VAT and MASLD. Further mechanistic and clinical studies are warranted to better elucidate the intriguing association between acromegaly and MASLD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s13679-026-00747-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T06:03:54Z","timestamp":1785909834000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Acromegaly and Metabolic Dysfunction\u2013Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: Clinical and Therapeutic Implications"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9232-4042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stergios A.","family":"Polyzos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7271-6329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Mantovani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4325-3900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Targher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"747_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2025.19615","volume":"335","author":"H Tilg","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tilg H, Petta S, Stefan N, Targher G. 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