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Relapses are often attributed to persistent infection originating from the PD catheter, including tunnel infection (TI). Although\n                    <jats:italic>Pseudomonas oryzihabitans<\/jats:italic>\n                    is a commensal bacterium and recognized opportunistic pathogen, only a limited number of cases of\n                    <jats:italic>P. oryzihabitans<\/jats:italic>\n                    peritonitis\u2014and none involving relapsing peritonitis with concurrent TI\u2014have been reported. A 73-year-old Japanese man undergoing PD presented with abdominal pain, fatigue, fever, and decreased PD fluid drainage. He was diagnosed with PD-associated peritonitis caused by\n                    <jats:italic>P. oryzihabitans<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which was preceded by a persistent exit-site infection due to different organisms. A 21-day course of antimicrobial therapy combined with peritoneal lavage led to clinical improvement. However, 27\u00a0days after completing treatment, he developed relapsing peritonitis due to\n                    <jats:italic>P. oryzihabitans<\/jats:italic>\n                    , complicated by TI suspected on computed tomography. However, the patient declined catheter removal and chose outpatient intraperitoneal antibiotics. The relapse resolved, but persistent yellow drainage prompted cuff-shaving surgery. We present a case of peritonitis caused by\n                    <jats:italic>P. oryzihabitans<\/jats:italic>\n                    , initially presenting with exit site infection and later complicated by TI at recurrence, that was successfully treated without PD catheter removal. This case suggests that cuff-shaving combined with appropriate antimicrobial therapy may be an effective treatment option for\n                    <jats:italic>P. oryzihabitans<\/jats:italic>\n                    peritonitis when the peritonitis and catheter infection are not caused by the same organism.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s13730-025-01044-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T05:26:30Z","timestamp":1767677190000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Relapsing peritoneal dialysis\u2011associated peritonitis caused by Pseudomonas oryzihabitans with concurrent tunnel infection: a case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9628-165X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1808-2772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yujiro","family":"Maeoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minako","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoki","family":"Ishiuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shunji","family":"Suemaru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takao","family":"Masaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"1044_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.3747\/pdi.2010.00185","volume":"31","author":"MC Brown","year":"2011","unstructured":"Brown MC, Simpson K, Kerssens JJ, Mactier RA. 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Informed consent was obtained from individual participant included in the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Human and animal rights"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}],"article-number":"12"}}