{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T18:26:47Z","timestamp":1760898407758,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,6]],"date-time":"2017-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1509926400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,6]],"date-time":"2017-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1509926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-017-1084-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,6]],"date-time":"2017-11-06T13:52:02Z","timestamp":1509976322000},"page":"49-54","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["An outbreak of skin infections in neonates due to a Staphylococcus aureus strain producing the exfoliative toxin A"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Fernanda","family":"Pimentel de Araujo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Tinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Battisti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Ercoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adriano","family":"Anesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annalisa","family":"Pantosti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Monaco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"1084_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00134-14","volume":"28","author":"SY Tong","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tong SY, Davis JS, Eichenberger E, Holland TL, Fowler VG Jr. Staphylococcus aureus infections: epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2015;28:603\u201361.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"1084_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Monaco M, Pimentel de Araujo F, Cruciani M, Coccia EM, Pantosti A. Worldwide epidemiology and antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus aureus. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2016. doi:http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/82_2016_3.","DOI":"10.1007\/82_2016_3"},{"key":"1084_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins8030072","volume":"8","author":"C Kong","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kong C, Neoh HM, Nathan S. Targeting Staphylococcus aureus toxins: A potential form of anti-virulence therapy. Toxins (Basel). 2016;8:72. doi:http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.3390\/toxins8030072.","journal-title":"Toxins (Basel)"},{"key":"1084_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268809002234","volume":"137","author":"IM Gould","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gould IM, Girvan EK, Browning RA, MacKenzie FM, Edwards GF. Report of a hospital neonatal unit outbreak of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Epidemiol Infect. 2009;137:1242\u20138.","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"1084_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2012.09.017","volume":"83","author":"A Sanchini","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sanchini A, Spitoni MG, Monaco M, Raglio A, Grigis A, Petro W, et al. Outbreak of skin and soft tissue infections in a hospital newborn nursery in Italy due to community-acquired meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus USA300 clone. J Hosp Infect. 2013;83:36\u201340.","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"key":"1084_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2015.08.033","volume":"305","author":"F Layer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Layer F, Sanchini A, Strommenger B, Cuny C, Breier AC, Proquitte H, et al. Molecular typing of toxic shock syndrome toxin-1-and Enterotoxin A-producing methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus isolates from an outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit. Int J Med Microbiol. 2015;305:790\u20138.","journal-title":"Int J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"1084_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5718","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.12.5718-5725.2003","volume":"41","author":"SJ Peacock","year":"2003","unstructured":"Peacock SJ, Justice A, Griffiths D, de Silva GD, Kantzanou MN, Crook D, et al. Determinants of acquisition and carriage of Staphylococcus aureus in infancy. J Clin Microbiol. 2003;41:5718\u201325.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"1084_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(05)70295-4","volume":"5","author":"HF Wertheim","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wertheim HF, Melles DC, Vos MC, van Leeuwen W, van Belkum A, Verbrugh HA, et al. The role of nasal carriage in Staphylococcus aureus infections. Lancet Infect Dis. 2005;5:751\u201362.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"1084_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.98.3.357","volume":"98","author":"RP Gaynes","year":"1996","unstructured":"Gaynes RP, Edwards JR, Jarvis WR, Culver DH, Tolson JS, Martone WJ. Nosocomial infections among neonates in high-risk nurseries in the United States. National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System. Pediatrics. 1996;98:357\u201361.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"1084_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-0043","volume":"114","author":"CM Healy","year":"2004","unstructured":"Healy CM, Palazzi DL, Edwards MS, Campbell JR, Baker CJ. Features of invasive staphylococcal disease in neonates. Pediatrics. 2004;114:953\u201361.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"1084_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2015.04.012","volume":"33","author":"Y Tuzun","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tuzun Y, Wolf R, Baglam S, Engin B. Diaper (napkin) dermatitis: a fold (intertriginous) dermatosis. Clin Dermatol. 2015;33:477\u201382.","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"1084_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1198-743x.2001.00258.x","volume":"7","author":"S Ladhani","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ladhani S. Recent developments in staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2001;7:301\u20137.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"1084_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/S0928-8244(03)00225-6","volume":"39","author":"S Ladhani","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ladhani S. Understanding the mechanism of action of the exfoliative toxins of Staphylococcus aureus. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2003;39:181\u20139.","journal-title":"FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol"},{"key":"1084_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.12.2.224","volume":"12","author":"S Ladhani","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ladhani S, Joannou CL, Lochrie DP, Evans RW, Poston SM. Clinical, microbial, and biochemical aspects of the exfoliative toxins causing staphylococcal scalded-skin syndrome. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1999;12:224\u201342.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"1084_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.2008.01316.x","volume":"44","author":"V Kapoor","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kapoor V, Travadi J, Braye S. Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome in an extremely premature neonate: a case report with a brief review of literature. J Paediatr Child Health. 2008;44:374\u20136.","journal-title":"J Paediatr Child Health"},{"key":"1084_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins2051148","volume":"2","author":"M Bukowski","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bukowski M, Wladyka B, Dubin G. Exfoliative toxins of Staphylococcus aureus. Toxins (Basel). 2010;2:1148\u201365.","journal-title":"Toxins (Basel)"},{"key":"1084_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E514","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12053","volume":"18","author":"V Lamand","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lamand V, Dauwalder O, Tristan A, Casalegno JS, Meugnier H, Bes M, et al. Epidemiological data of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome in France from 1997 to 2007 and microbiological characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus associated strains. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2012;18:E514\u201321.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"1084_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-010-1143-4","volume":"30","author":"TX Nhan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nhan TX, Leclercq R, Cattoir V. Prevalence of toxin genes in consecutive clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and clinical impact. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2011;30:719\u201325.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"1084_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1890","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.4.1890-1893.2005","volume":"43","author":"O Yamasaki","year":"2005","unstructured":"Yamasaki O, Yamaguchi T, Sugai M, Chapuis-Cellier C, Arnaud F, Vandenesch F, et al. Clinical manifestations of staphylococcal scalded-skin syndrome depend on serotypes of exfoliative toxins. J Clin Microbiol. 2005;43:1890\u20133.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"1084_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1503","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-010-1252-1","volume":"169","author":"O Neylon","year":"2010","unstructured":"Neylon O, O\u2019Connell NH, Slevin B, Powell J, Monahan R, Boyle L, et al. Neonatal staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome: clinical and outbreak containment review. Eur J Pediatr. 2010;169:1503\u20139.","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"1084_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2005.02.013","volume":"61","author":"N El Helali","year":"2005","unstructured":"El Helali N, Carbonne A, Naas T, Kerneis S, Fresco O, Giovangrandi Y, et al. Nosocomial outbreak of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome in neonates: epidemiological investigation and control. J Hosp Infect. 2005;61:130\u20138.","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"key":"1084_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-010-0922-2","volume":"29","author":"M Monaco","year":"2010","unstructured":"Monaco M, Sanchini A, Grundmann H, Pantosti A. Vancomycin-heteroresistant phenotype in invasive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates belonging to spa type 041. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2010;29:771\u20137.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"1084_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.2.631-641.2002","volume":"70","author":"S Jarraud","year":"2002","unstructured":"Jarraud S, Mougel C, Thioulouse J, Lina G, Meugnier H, Forey F, et al. Relationships between Staphylococcus aureus genetic background, virulence factors, agr groups (alleles), and human disease. Infect Immun. 2002;70:631\u201341.","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"1084_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1502.080010","volume":"15","author":"M Tinelli","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tinelli M, Monaco M, Vimercati M, Ceraminiello A, Pantosti A. Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus in skin and soft tissue infections, Northern Italy. Emerg Infect Dis. 2009;15:250\u20137.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"1084_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5442","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.12.5442-5448.2003","volume":"41","author":"D Harmsen","year":"2003","unstructured":"Harmsen D, Claus H, Witte W, Rothganger J, Turnwald D, Vogel U. Typing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a university hospital setting by using novel software for spa repeat determination and database management. J Clin Microbiol. 2003;41:5442\u20138.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"1084_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7687","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.122108599","volume":"99","author":"MC Enright","year":"2002","unstructured":"Enright MC, Robinson DA, Randle G, Feil EJ, Grundmann H, Spratt BG. The evolutionary history of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2002;99:7687\u201392.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"1084_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2008.00426.x","volume":"53","author":"S Monecke","year":"2008","unstructured":"Monecke S, Slickers P, Ehricht R. Assignment of Staphylococcus aureus isolates to clonal complexes based on microarray analysis and pattern recognition. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2008;53:237\u201351.","journal-title":"FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol"},{"key":"1084_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e17936","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0017936","volume":"6","author":"S Monecke","year":"2011","unstructured":"Monecke S, Coombs G, Shore AC, Coleman DC, Akpaka P, Borg M, et al. A field guide to pandemic, epidemic and sporadic clones of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. PLoS ONE. 2011;6:e17936.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"1084_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20121541","volume":"451","author":"AA Roberts","year":"2013","unstructured":"Roberts AA, Sharma SV, Strankman AW, Duran SR, Rawat M, Hamilton CJ. Mechanistic studies of FosB: a divalent-metal-dependent bacillithiol-S-transferase that mediates fosfomycin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Biochem J. 2013;451:69\u201379.","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"1084_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1000215","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000215","volume":"7","author":"H Grundmann","year":"2010","unstructured":"Grundmann H, Aanensen DM, van den Wijngaard CC, Spratt BG, Harmsen D, Friedrich AW. Geographic distribution of Staphylococcus aureus causing invasive infections in Europe: a molecular-epidemiological analysis. PLoS Med. 2010;7:e1000215.","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"1084_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkn430","volume":"63","author":"M Perez-Vazquez","year":"2009","unstructured":"Perez-Vazquez M, Vindel A, Marcos C, Oteo J, Cuevas O, Trincado P, et al. Spread of invasive Spanish Staphylococcus aureus spa-type t067 associated with a high prevalence of the aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme gene ant(4\u2032)-Ia and the efflux pump genes msrA\/msrB. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2009;63:21\u201331.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"1084_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-016-1630-z","volume":"16","author":"CH Changchien","year":"2016","unstructured":"Changchien CH, Chen SW, Chen YY, Chu C. Antibiotic susceptibility and genomic variations in Staphylococcus aureus associated with Skin and Soft Tissue Infection (SSTI) disease groups. BMC Infect Dis. 2016;16:276.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"1084_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/2047-2994-1-37","volume":"1","author":"M Koningstein","year":"2012","unstructured":"Koningstein M, Groen L, Geraats-Peters K, Lutgens S, Rietveld A, et al. The use of typing methods and infection prevention measures to control a bullous impetigo outbreak on a neonatal ward. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2012;1:37.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Resist Infect Control"},{"key":"1084_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES2014.19.33.20880","volume":"19","author":"K Paranthaman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Paranthaman K, Bentley A, Milne LM, Kearns A, Loader S, Thomas A, et al. Nosocomial outbreak of staphyloccocal scalded skin syndrome in neonates in England, December 2012\u2013March 2013. Euro Surveill. 2014;19:1\u20137.","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"}],"container-title":["Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s15010-017-1084-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s15010-017-1084-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s15010-017-1084-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,29]],"date-time":"2022-07-29T12:18:45Z","timestamp":1659097125000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s15010-017-1084-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,6]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]}},"alternative-id":["1084"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s15010-017-1084-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-8126","1439-0973"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0300-8126"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1439-0973"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 July 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 October 2017","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 November 2017","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Local Surveillance and Infection Control Committee (CIO) approved the study on September 13, 2013. Informed consent was obtained from parents of infected and non-infected neonates and from medical and non-medical staff. Clinical data and samples (bacterial isolates) were anonymized before being used for the study. Approval by the ethics committee was not required as the study was regarded as part of routine surveillance measures for infection control.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}