{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T16:05:14Z","timestamp":1786982714757,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,8]],"date-time":"2021-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628380800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,8]],"date-time":"2021-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-021-01673-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,8]],"date-time":"2021-08-08T13:02:47Z","timestamp":1628427767000},"page":"1203-1211","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Evaluation of a point-of-care molecular detection device for Leishmania spp. and intercurrent fungal and mycobacterial organisms in Peruvian patients with cutaneous ulcers"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Ruwandi","family":"Kariyawasam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Braulio M.","family":"Valencia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Courtney A.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Stevens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leah","family":"Kincaid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Luz Quispe","family":"Del Castillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lloysi O.","family":"Cruz-Arzapalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Llanos-Cuentas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2720-6944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea K.","family":"Boggild","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"1673_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(07)70209-8","volume":"7","author":"R Reithinger","year":"2007","unstructured":"Reithinger R, Dujardin JC, Louzir H, Pirmez C, Alexander B, Brooker S. Cutaneous leishmaniasis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2007;7:581\u201396.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"1673_CR2","first-page":"22","volume":"949","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2010","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Control of the leishmaniasis. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser. 2010;949:22\u20136.","journal-title":"World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser"},{"key":"1673_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.11120.1","volume":"6","author":"E Torres-Guerrero","year":"2017","unstructured":"Torres-Guerrero E, Quintanilla-Cedillo MR, Ruiz-Esmenjaud J, Arenas R. Leishmaniasis: a review. F1000Res. 2017;6:750.","journal-title":"F1000Res"},{"key":"1673_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e202","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw670","volume":"63","author":"N Aronson","year":"2016","unstructured":"Aronson N, Herwaldt BL, Libman M, et al. Diagnosis and guidelines treatment of leishmaniasis: clinical practice by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (ASTMH). Clin Infect Dis. 2016;63:e202\u201364.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"1673_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myu065","volume":"53","author":"S Rodriguez-Brito","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rodriguez-Brito S, Camacho E, Mendoza M, Nino-Vega GA. Differential identification of Sporothrix spp. and Leishmania spp. by conventional PCR and qPCR in multiplex format. Med Mycol. 2005;53:22\u20137.","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"key":"1673_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0208208","volume":"13","author":"CR Vincente","year":"2018","unstructured":"Vincente CR, Falgueto A. Differentiation of mucosal lesions in mucocutaneous leishmaniasis and paracoccidioidomycosis. PLoS ONE. 2018;13: e0208208.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"1673_CR7","volume":"12","author":"DY Martinez","year":"2018","unstructured":"Martinez DY, Verdonck K, Kaye PM, et al. Tegumentary leishmaniasis and coinfections other than HIV. PLoS NTDs. 2018;12: e0006125.","journal-title":"PLoS NTDs"},{"key":"1673_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e56","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.13329","volume":"56","author":"E Martinez","year":"2017","unstructured":"Martinez E, Torres-Guerrero E, Cortes E, Tejanda D, Arenas R. Cryptococcus laurentii infection in a patient with cutaneous leishmaniasis. Int J Dermatol. 2017;56:e56\u20137.","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"1673_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2004.09.004","volume":"93","author":"MB de Lima Barros","year":"2005","unstructured":"de Lima Barros MB, Schubach A, Francesconi-do-Valle AC, et al. Positive Montenegro skin test among patients with sporotrichosis in Rio de Janeiro. Acta Trop. 2005;93:41\u20137.","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"1673_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.11.008","volume":"154","author":"MF Garcia Bustos","year":"2016","unstructured":"Garcia Bustos MF, Gonzalez-Prieto G, Ramos F, et al. Clinical and epidemiological features of leishmaniasis in northwestern-Argentina through a retrospective analysis of recent cases. Acta Trop. 2016;154:125\u201332.","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"1673_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1086\/376632","volume":"37","author":"P Delobal","year":"2003","unstructured":"Delobal P, Launois P, Djossou F, Sainte-Marie D, Pradinaud R. American cutaneous leishmaniasis, lepromatous leprosy and pulmonary tuberculosis coinfection with downregulation of the T-helper 1 cell response. Clin Infect Dis. 2003;37:628\u201333.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"1673_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/23.4.836","volume":"23","author":"MA Escobar","year":"1996","unstructured":"Escobar MA, Saravia NG, Weigle KA. Concurrent mucosal leishmaniasis and pulmonary tuberculosis. Clin Infect Dis. 1996;23:836\u20137.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"1673_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-879X2012007500073","volume":"45","author":"RB Azeredo-Coutinho","year":"2012","unstructured":"Azeredo-Coutinho RB, Matos DC, Nery JA, Valente-Rosalino CM, Mendonca SC. Interleukin-10-dependent down-regulation of interferon-gamma response to Leishmania by Mycobacterium leprae antigens during the clinical course of a coinfection. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2012;45:632\u20136.","journal-title":"Braz J Med Biol Res"},{"key":"1673_CR14","first-page":"231","volume":"52","author":"H Mortazavi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mortazavi H, Soori T, Khamesipour A, Khatami A, Vasheghani-Farahani A. Co-existence of cutaneous leishmaniasis with pleural effusion: a case report from Iran. Acta Med Iran. 2014;52:231\u20133.","journal-title":"Acta Med Iran"},{"key":"1673_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12954","volume":"54","author":"NA Patrao","year":"2015","unstructured":"Patrao NA, Bhat RM, Dandekeri S, Kambil SM. Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis in coexistence with leprosy. Int J Dermatol. 2015;54:1402\u20136.","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"1673_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(95)90664-9","volume":"89","author":"J Torrealba","year":"1995","unstructured":"Torrealba J, Mendoza I, Ocanta T, Barroeta S, Mejia de Alejos MA, Bonfante-Garrido R. Concomitant cutaneous leishmaniasis and leprosy in Venezuela. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1995;89:69.","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"1673_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1976.tb06122.x","volume":"94","author":"Z Even-Paz","year":"1976","unstructured":"Even-Paz Z, Haas H, Sacks T, Rosenmann E. Mycobacterium marinum skin infections mimicking cutaneous leishmaniasis. Br J Dermatol. 1976;94:435\u201342.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"1673_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-1338","volume":"93","author":"F Dassoni","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dassoni F, Abebe Z, Naafs B, Morrone A. Cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis resembling borderline-tuberculoid leprosy: a new clinical presentation? Acta Derm Venereol. 2013;93:74\u20137.","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"1673_CR19","first-page":"949670","volume":"2015","author":"PG Pavlidakey","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pavlidakey PG, Huynh T, McKay KM, Sami N. Leishmaniasis panamensis masquerading as myiasis and sporotrichosis: a clinical pitfall. Case Rep Pathol. 2015;2015:949670.","journal-title":"Case Rep Pathol"},{"key":"1673_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.16-0790","volume":"97","author":"PM Pe\u00e7anha","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pe\u00e7anha PM, Ferreira MEB, Pe\u00e7anha MAM, et al. Paracoccidioidomycosis: epidemiological and clinical aspects in 546 cases studied in the state of Esp\u00edrito Santo, Brazil. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2017;97:836\u201344.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"1673_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(99)70093-9","volume":"40","author":"SP Agudelo","year":"1999","unstructured":"Agudelo SP, Restrepo S, V\u00e9lez ID. Cutaneous new world leishmaniasis-sporotrichosis coinfection: report of 3 cases. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1999;40:1002\u20134.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"1673_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2006.09.004","volume":"22","author":"J Alvar","year":"2006","unstructured":"Alvar J, Yactayo S, Bern C. Leishmaniasis and poverty. Trends Parasitol. 2006;22:552\u20137.","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"key":"1673_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/0738-081X(96)00057-0","volume":"14","author":"P Desjeux","year":"1996","unstructured":"Desjeux P. Leishmaniasis: public health aspects and control. Clin Dermatol. 1996;14:417\u201323.","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"1673_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02029-06","volume":"45","author":"R Reithinger","year":"2007","unstructured":"Reithinger R, Dujardin J-C. Molecular diagnosis of leishmaniasis: current status and future applications. J Clin Microbiol. 2007;45:21\u20135.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"1673_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.17843\/rpmesp.2015.324.1770","volume":"32","author":"R Pineda-Reyes","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pineda-Reyes R, Llanos-Cuentas A, Dancuart M. [Traditional treatments in an endemic area of American cutaneous leishmaniasis in Peru]. Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica. 2015;32:761\u20135.","journal-title":"Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica"},{"key":"1673_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03635.x","volume":"17","author":"M den Boer","year":"2011","unstructured":"den Boer M, Argaw D, Jannin J, Alvar J. Leishmaniasis impact and treatment access. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2011;17:1471\u20137.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"1673_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002832","volume":"8","author":"CJ Hodiamont","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hodiamont CJ, Kager PA, Bart A, et al. Species-directed therapy for leishmaniasis in returning travellers: a comprehensive guide. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2014;8: e2832.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"1673_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1007\/s11908-015-0489-2","volume":"17","author":"AJ Showler","year":"2015","unstructured":"Showler AJ, Boggild AK. Cutaneous leishmaniasis in travellers: a focus on epidemiology and treatment in 2015. Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2015;17:37.","journal-title":"Curr Infect Dis Rep"},{"key":"1673_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-018-3634-3","volume":"19","author":"HDFH Schallig","year":"2019","unstructured":"Schallig HDFH, Hu RVP, Kent AD, van Loenen M, Menting S, Picado A, Oosterling Z, Cruz I. Evaluation of point of care tests for the diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Suriname. BMC Infect Dis. 2019;19:25.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"1673_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2018.10.063","volume":"37","author":"MMT Vink","year":"2018","unstructured":"Vink MMT, Nahzat SM, Rahimi H, et al. Evaluation of point-of-care tests for cutaneous leishmaniasis in Kabul, Afghanistan. EBioMedicine. 2018;37:453\u201360.","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"1673_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3661","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00498-10","volume":"48","author":"H Kato","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kato H, Caceres AG, Mimori T, et al. Use of FTA cards for direct sampling of patients\u2019 lesions in the ecological study of cutaneous leishmaniasis. J Clin Microbiol. 2010;48:3661\u20135.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"1673_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S139","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit578","volume":"57","author":"AM Caliendo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Caliendo AM, Gilbert DN, Ginocchio CC, et al. Better tests, better care: improved diagnostics for infectious diseases. Clin Infect Dis. 2013;57:S139\u201370.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"1673_CR33","unstructured":"Ahram Biosystems, Inc. Palm PCR\u2122 G1-G12 portable PCR system. User manual. Available at http:\/\/ahrambio.com\/products_palmpcr_G1-12.html. Accessed 10 July 2019."},{"key":"1673_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5249","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.11.5249-5255.2004","volume":"42","author":"C Mary","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mary C, Faraut F, Lascombe L, Dumon H. Quantification of Leishmania infantum DNA by a real-time PCR assay with high sensitivity. J Clin Microbiol. 2004;42:5249\u201355.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"1673_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-015-0882-1","volume":"14","author":"M Phuong","year":"2015","unstructured":"Phuong M, Lau R, Ralevski F, Boggild AK. Survival analysis of diagnostic assays in Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Malar J. 2015;14:350.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"1673_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01858-08","volume":"47","author":"SE Shokoples","year":"2009","unstructured":"Shokoples SE, Ndao M, Kowalewska-Grochowska K, Yanow SK. Multiplexed real-time PCR assay for discrimination of Plasmodium species with improved sensitivity for mixed infections. J Clin Microbiol. 2009;47:975\u201380.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"1673_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1985","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01688-08","volume":"47","author":"AM Zelanzy","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zelanzy AM, Root JM, Shea YR, et al. Cohort study of molecular identification and typing of Mycobacterium abscessus, Mycobacterium massiliense and Mycobacterium bolletii. J Clin Microbiol. 2009;47:1985\u201395.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"1673_CR38","unstructured":"Vilgalys R (n.d.) Conserved primer sequences for PCR amplification and sequencing from nuclear ribosomal RNA. Retrieved Sept. 28, 2009 from http:\/\/www.biology.duke.edu\/fungi\/mycolab\/primers.htm."},{"key":"1673_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.16.187468","volume":"95","author":"CS Kosack","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kosack CS, Page AL, Klaster PR. A guide to aid the selection of diagnostic tests. Bull World Health Org. 2017;95:639\u201345.","journal-title":"Bull World Health Org"},{"key":"1673_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(13)70250-0","volume":"14","author":"PK Drain","year":"2015","unstructured":"Drain PK, Hyle EP, Noubary F, et al. Evaluating diagnostic point-of-care tests in resource-limited settings. Lancet Infect Dis. 2015;14:239\u201349.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"1673_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2504.180239","volume":"25","author":"M Solomon","year":"2019","unstructured":"Solomon M, Sahar N, Pavlotzky F, Barzilai A, Jaffe CL, Nasereddin A, Schwartz E. Mucosal leishmaniasis in travelers with Leishmania braziliensis complex returning to Israel. Emerg Infect Dis. 2019;25:642\u20138.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s15010-021-01673-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s15010-021-01673-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s15010-021-01673-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,24]],"date-time":"2021-11-24T11:17:08Z","timestamp":1637752628000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s15010-021-01673-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,8]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1673"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s15010-021-01673-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-8126","1439-0973"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-8126","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-0973","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 May 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 July 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 August 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"On behalf of all the authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Approval for this study was obtained from the Ethics Review Board of Public Health Ontario, the Research Ethics Board of University of Toronto, and the Institutional Review Board of Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent or assent was obtained from all individual participants and\/or legal guardians included in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors affirm that human research participant provided informed consent for publication of images in Fig.\u00a0\n                      \n                      a.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}]}}