{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T07:56:07Z","timestamp":1773388567481,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]],"date-time":"2021-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633651200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]],"date-time":"2021-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633651200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005722","name":"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005722","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) may result not only in acute symptoms such as severe pneumonia, but also in persisting symptoms after months. Here we present a 1\u00a0year follow-up of a patient with a secondary tension pneumothorax due to COVID-19 pneumonia.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In May 2020, a 47-year-old male was admitted to the emergency department with fever, dry cough, and sore throat as well as acute chest pain and shortness of breath. Sputum testing (polymerase chain reaction, PCR) and computed tomography (CT) confirmed infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Eleven days after discharge, the patient returned to the emergency department with pronounced dyspnoea after coughing. CT showed a right-sided tension pneumothorax, which was relieved by a chest drain (Buelau) via mini open thoracotomy. For a period of 3\u00a0months following resolution of the pneumothorax the patient complained of fatigue with mild joint pain and dyspnoea. After 1\u00a0year, the patient did not suffer from any persisting symptoms. The pulmonary function and blood parameters were normal, with the exception of slightly increased levels of D-Dimer. The CT scan revealed only discrete ground glass opacities (GGO) and subpleural linear opacities.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Tension pneumothorax is a rare, severe complication of a SARS-CoV-2 infection but may resolve after treatment without negative long-term sequelae.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Level of evidence<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>V.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-021-01711-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,10]],"date-time":"2021-10-10T03:29:31Z","timestamp":1633836571000},"page":"525-529","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["One-year follow-up\u2014case report of secondary tension pneumothorax in a COVID-19 pneumonia patient"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Felix","family":"Endres","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Judith Eva","family":"Spiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toki Anna","family":"Bolt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Tufman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ben","family":"Ockert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Helfen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabian","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Boris M.","family":"Holzapfel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"B\u00f6cker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0529-9326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georg","family":"Siebenb\u00fcrger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"1711_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001017","volume":"382","author":"N Zhu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhu N, et al. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. N Engl J Med. 2020;382:727\u201333.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1711_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.3331","volume":"325","author":"Group, T.W.C.f.t.C.S.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Group, T.W.C.f.t.C.S. Four-month clinical status of a cohort of patients after hospitalization for COVID-19. JAMA. 2021;325:1525\u201334.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"1711_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.12603","volume":"324","author":"A Carf\u00ec","year":"2020","unstructured":"Carf\u00ec A, et al. Persistent symptoms in patients after acute COVID-19. JAMA. 2020;324:603\u20135.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"1711_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-020-01457-w","volume":"48","author":"JE Spiro","year":"2020","unstructured":"Spiro JE, et al. Secondary tension pneumothorax in a COVID-19 pneumonia patient: a case report. Infection. 2020;48:941\u20134.","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"1711_CR5","first-page":"6657533","volume":"2021","author":"RE Akdogan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Akdogan RE, et al. Pneumothorax in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19 infection. Case Rep Crit Care. 2021;2021:6657533.","journal-title":"Case Rep Crit Care"},{"key":"1711_CR6","first-page":"101291","volume":"31","author":"J Dennison","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dennison J, et al. Case report: spontaneous pneumothorax in resolved, uncomplicated COVID-19 pneumonia\u2014a literature review. Respir Med Case Rep. 2020;31:101291.","journal-title":"Respir Med Case Rep"},{"key":"1711_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199206000-00002","volume":"30","author":"JE Ware Jr","year":"1992","unstructured":"Ware JE Jr, Sherbourne CD. The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection. Med Care. 1992;30:473\u201383.","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"1711_CR8","first-page":"e928996","volume":"26","author":"F Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang F, Kream RM, Stefano GB. Long-term respiratory and neurological sequelae of COVID-19. Med Sci Monit. 2020;26:e928996.","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"1711_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-020-01474-9","volume":"49","author":"A Fumagalli","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fumagalli A, et al. Pulmonary function in patients surviving to COVID-19 pneumonia. Infection. 2021;49:153\u20137.","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"1711_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30211-7","volume":"395","author":"N Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen N, et al. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet. 2020;395:507\u201313.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"1711_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2002697","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02697-2020","volume":"56","author":"AW Martinelli","year":"2020","unstructured":"Martinelli AW et al. COVID-19 and pneumothorax: a multicentre retrospective case series. Eur Respir J. 2020;56(5):2002697. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/13993003.02697-2020. Accessed 19 Nov 2020; Print Nov 2020.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"5","key":"1711_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12055-021-01145-w","volume":"37","author":"S Kasturi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kasturi S, et al. Delayed recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax post-recovery from COVID-19 infection. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2021;37(5):1\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12055-021-01145-w. Accessed 2 Feb 2021 (Online ahead of print).","journal-title":"Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"1711_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.4097\/kja.20400","volume":"74","author":"V Shah","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shah V, et al. Delayed recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax in a patient recovering from COVID-19 pneumonia. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2021;74:183\u20135.","journal-title":"Korean J Anesthesiol"},{"key":"1711_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marzocchi, G., A. Vassallo, and F. Monteduro, Spontaneous pneumothorax as a delayed complication after recovery from COVID-19. BMJ Case Rep, 2021. 14(5).","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2021-243578"},{"key":"1711_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-020-01509-1","volume":"49","author":"D Wolff","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wolff D, et al. Risk factors for Covid-19 severity and fatality: a structured literature review. Infection. 2021;49:15\u201328.","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"1711_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-020-02983-2","volume":"25","author":"H Mirzaei","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mirzaei H, et al. COVID-19 among people living with HIV: a systematic review. AIDS Behav. 2021;25:85\u201392.","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"1711_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-020-01438-z","volume":"48","author":"G H\u00e4rter","year":"2020","unstructured":"H\u00e4rter G, et al. COVID-19 in people living with human immunodeficiency virus: a case series of 33 patients. Infection. 2020;48:681\u20136.","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"1711_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-020-01492-7","volume":"49","author":"L Calza","year":"2021","unstructured":"Calza L, et al. COVID-19 in patients with HIV-1 infection: a single-centre experience in northern Italy. Infection. 2021;49:333\u20137.","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"1711_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.15267","volume":"19","author":"L Townsend","year":"2021","unstructured":"Townsend L, et al. Prolonged elevation of D-dimer levels in convalescent COVID-19 patients is independent of the acute phase response. J Thromb Haemost. 2021;19:1064\u201370.","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"}],"container-title":["Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s15010-021-01711-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s15010-021-01711-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s15010-021-01711-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,23]],"date-time":"2022-03-23T18:07:53Z","timestamp":1648058873000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s15010-021-01711-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]}},"alternative-id":["1711"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s15010-021-01711-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-8126","1439-0973"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-8126","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-0973","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 August 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 September 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 October 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there are no conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Ethics approval was not obtained due to clinical standard treatment.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from the patient.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case and any accompanying images. A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Editor of this journal.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}]}}