{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T21:31:22Z","timestamp":1774560682138,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,29]],"date-time":"2022-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643414400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,29]],"date-time":"2022-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643414400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-021-01743-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,29]],"date-time":"2022-01-29T00:02:43Z","timestamp":1643414563000},"page":"699-707","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["No evidence of harmful effects of steroids in severe exacerbations of COPD associated with influenza"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Severin","family":"Studer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Rassouli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frederike","family":"Waldeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin H.","family":"Brutsche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Florent","family":"Baty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0607-7159","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Werner C.","family":"Albrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"1743_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(17)30293-X","volume":"5","author":"JB Soriano","year":"2017","unstructured":"Soriano JB, Abajobir AA, Abate KH, Abera SF, Agrawal A, Ahmed MB, et al. Global, regional, and national deaths, prevalence, disability-adjusted life years, and years lived with disability for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma, 1990\u20132015: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2015. Lancet Respir Med. 2017;5:691\u2013706. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2213-2600(17)30293-X (Internet).","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"1743_CR2","unstructured":"Hoyert DL, Xu J. Deaths: preliminary data for 2011. Natl Vital Stat Rep [Internet]. 2012;61:1\u201351. Available from: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/24984457. Accessed 27 Dec 2021"},{"key":"1743_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2095","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61728-0","volume":"380","author":"R Lozano","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lozano R, Naghavi M, Foreman K, Lim S, Shibuya K, Aboyans V, et al. Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2010. Lancet. 2012;380:2095\u2013128. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61728-0 (Internet).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1743_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.2147\/CEOR.S34321","volume":"5","author":"S Ray","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ray S, Guarascio, Finch ST. The clinical and economic burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the USA. Clin Outcomes Res. 2013;5:235. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/CEOR.S34321.","journal-title":"Clin Outcomes Res"},{"key":"1743_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61377-4","volume":"370","author":"AS Buist","year":"2007","unstructured":"Buist AS, McBurnie MA, Vollmer WM, Gillespie S, Burney P, Mannino DM, et al. International variation in the prevalence of COPD (the bold study): a population-based prevalence study. Lancet. 2007;370:741\u201350.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1743_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200506-859OC","volume":"173","author":"A Papi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Papi A, Bellettato CM, Braccioni F, Romagnoli M, Casolari P, Caramori G, et al. Infections and airway inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease severe exacerbations. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2006;173:1114\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/rccm.200506-859OC (Internet).","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"1743_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2355","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0800353","volume":"359","author":"S Sethi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sethi S, Murphy TF. Infection in the pathogenesis and course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med. 2008;359:2355\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMra0800353 (Internet).","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1743_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.58.1.37","volume":"58","author":"G Rohde","year":"2003","unstructured":"Rohde G. Respiratory viruses in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease requiring hospitalization: a case-control study. Thorax. 2003;58:37\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/thorax.58.1.37.","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"1743_CR9","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Guide for considering influenza testing when influenza viruses are circulating in the community [Internet]. 2019 [cited 5 Oct 2021]. Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/flu\/professionals\/diagnosis\/consider-influenza-testing.htm"},{"key":"1743_CR10","unstructured":"Influenza (Saisonale Grippe)\u202f\u00bb Guidelines.ch [Internet]. [cited 5 Oct 2021]. Available from: https:\/\/kssg.guidelines.ch\/guideline\/1727\/6355"},{"key":"1743_CR11","unstructured":"COPD Global Initiative. 2020 Report [Internet]. Glob. Initiat. Chronic Obstr. Lung Dis. 2020. Available from: https:\/\/goldcopd.org\/gold-reports\/. Accessed 27 Dec 2021"},{"key":"1743_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001288.pub4","author":"JA Walters","year":"2014","unstructured":"Walters JA, Tan DJ, White CJ, Gibson PG, Wood-Baker R, Walters EH. Systemic corticosteroids for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD001288.pub4 (Internet).","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"1743_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010406.pub2","author":"C Rodrigo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rodrigo C, Leonardi-Bee J, Nguyen-Van-Tam J, Lim WS. Corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of influenza. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD010406.pub2.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"1743_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.7326\/M15-0715","volume":"163","author":"RAC Siemieniuk","year":"2015","unstructured":"Siemieniuk RAC, Meade MO, Alonso-Coello P, Briel M, Evaniew N, Prasad M, et al. Corticosteroid therapy for patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia. Ann Intern Med. 2015;163:519\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/M15-0715 (Internet).","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"1743_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix801","volume":"66","author":"M Briel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Briel M, Spoorenberg SMC, Snijders D, Torres A, Fernandez-Serrano S, Meduri GU, et al. Corticosteroids in patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia: systematic review and individual patient data metaanalysis. Clin Infect Dis. 2018;66:346\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/cix801 (Internet).","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"1743_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201908-1581ST","volume":"200","author":"JP Metlay","year":"2019","unstructured":"Metlay JP, Waterer GW, Long AC, Anzueto A, Brozek J, Crothers K, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of adults with community-acquired pneumonia. An official clinical practice guideline of the American thoracic society and infectious diseases society of America. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2019;200:45\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/rccm.201908-1581ST (Internet).","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"1743_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blum CA, Nigro N, Briel M, Schuetz P, Ullmer E, Suter-Widmer I, et al. Adjunct prednisone therapy for patients with community-acquired pneumonia: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet [Internet]. 2015;385:1511\u20138. Available from: https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0140673614624478. Accessed 27 Dec 2021","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)62447-8"},{"key":"1743_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1497-0693","volume":"75","author":"S Ewig","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ewig S, Kolditz M, Pletz M, Altiner A, Albrich W, Dr\u00f6mann D, et al. Behandlung von erwachsenen patienten mit ambulant erworbener pneumonie\u2014update 2021. Pneumologie. 2021;75:665\u2013729. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-1497-0693 (Internet).","journal-title":"Pneumologie"},{"key":"1743_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00015512","volume":"41","author":"P Myles","year":"2013","unstructured":"Myles P, Nguyen-Van-Tam JS, Semple MG, Brett SJ, Bannister B, Read RC, et al. Differences between asthmatics and nonasthmatics hospitalized with influenza A infection. Eur Respir J. 2013;41:824\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/09031936.00015512 (Internet).","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"1743_CR20","unstructured":"Bundesamt f\u00fcr Statistik. Medizinische Statistik der Krankenh\u00e4user [Internet]. [cited 2021 Oct 5]. Available from: https:\/\/www.bfs.admin.ch\/bfs\/de\/home\/statistiken\/gesundheit\/erhebungen\/ms.html"},{"key":"1743_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2019.00286\/full","volume":"6","author":"WC Albrich","year":"2019","unstructured":"Albrich WC, Rassouli F, Waldeck F, Berger C, Baty F. Influence of older age and other risk factors on pneumonia hospitalization in Switzerland in the pneumococcal vaccine era. Front Med. 2019;6:1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2019.00286\/full (Internet).","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"key":"1743_CR22","unstructured":"Bundesamt f\u00fcr Gesundheit. Saisonale Grippe\u2014Lagebericht Schweiz [Internet]. [cited 5 Oct 2021]. Available from: https:\/\/www.bag.admin.ch\/bag\/de\/home\/krankheiten\/ausbrueche-epidemien-pandemien\/aktuelle-ausbrueche-epidemien\/saisonale-grippe---lagebericht-schweiz.html"},{"key":"1743_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1159\/000477911","volume":"94","author":"M Buess","year":"2017","unstructured":"Buess M, Schilter D, Schneider T, Maurer M, Borer H, Thurnheer R, et al. Treatment of COPD exacerbation in Switzerland: results and recommendations of the European COPD audit. Respiration. 2017;94:355\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000477911 (Internet).","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"1743_CR24","unstructured":"Empfehlungen f\u00fcr die Pr\u00e4vention und die Versorgung der Infektionen durch das Grippevirus in den Spit\u00e4lern der lateinischen Schweiz. Konferenz der \u00e4rztlichen Direktorinnen und Direktoren (DirMED) sowie der Pflegedirektorinnen und Direktoren (DirDSO) der lateinischen Schweiz; 2018."},{"key":"1743_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-156-7-201204030-00403","volume":"156","author":"C Chartrand","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chartrand C, Leeflang MMG, Minion J, Brewer T, Pai M. Accuracy of rapid influenza diagnostic tests: a meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2012;156:500\u201311.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"1743_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.7326\/M17-0848","volume":"167","author":"J Merckx","year":"2017","unstructured":"Merckx J, Wali R, Schiller I, Caya C, Gore GC, Chartrand C, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of novel and traditional rapid tests for influenza infection compared with reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Ann Intern Med. 2017;167:394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/M17-0848.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"1743_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1608","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.161.5.9908022","volume":"161","author":"T Seemungal","year":"2000","unstructured":"Seemungal T, Donaldson GC, Bhowmik A, Jeffries DJ, Wedzicha JA. Time course and recovery of exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000;161:1608\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/ajrccm.161.5.9908022 (Internet).","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"1743_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1513\/pats.2306030","volume":"1","author":"JA Wedzicha","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wedzicha JA. Role of viruses in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2004;1:115\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1513\/pats.2306030 (Internet).","journal-title":"Proc Am Thorac Soc"},{"key":"1743_CR29","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Clinical management of human infection with avian influenza A ( H5N1 ) virus [Internet]. Clin. Manag. Hum. Infect. with avian Influ. A virus. 2007. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/influenza\/resources\/documents\/ClinicalManagement07.pdf. Accessed 27 Dec 2021"},{"key":"1743_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dusemund F, Chronis J, Baty F, Albrich W, Brutsche M. The outcome of community-acquired pneumonia in patients with chronic lung disease - a case-control study. Swiss Med Wkly [Internet]. 2014;144:1\u20138. Available from: http:\/\/doi.emh.ch\/smw.2014.14013. Accessed 27 Dec 2021","DOI":"10.4414\/smw.2014.14013"},{"key":"1743_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kwak HJ, Park DW, Kim JE, Park MK, Koo GW, Park TS, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of respiratory viral infections in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Tohoku J Exp Med [Internet]. Japan; 2016;240:131\u20139. Available from: https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/tjem\/240\/2\/240_131\/_article. Accessed 27 Dec 2021","DOI":"10.1620\/tjem.240.131"},{"key":"1743_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ko FWS, Ip M, Chan PKS, Chan MCH, To K-W, Ng SSS, et al. Viral etiology of acute exacerbations of COPD in Hong Kong. Chest [Internet]. 2007;132:900\u20138. Available from: https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0012369215366563. Accessed 27 Dec 2021","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.07-0530"},{"key":"1743_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McManus TE, Marley A-M, Baxter N, Christie SN, O\u2019Neill HJ, Elborn JS, et al. Respiratory viral infection in exacerbations of COPD. Respir Med [Internet]. 2008;102:1575\u201380. Available from: https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0954611108002072. Accessed 27 Dec 2021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2008.06.006"},{"key":"1743_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mulpuru S, Li L, Ye L, Hatchette T, Andrew MK, Ambrose A, et al. Effectiveness of influenza vaccination on hospitalizations and risk factors for severe outcomes in hospitalized patients with COPD. Chest [Internet]. United States; 2019;155:69\u201378. Available from: https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0012369218327259. Accessed 27 Dec 2021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.10.044"},{"key":"1743_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170103","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0103-2017","volume":"27","author":"C Viniol","year":"2018","unstructured":"Viniol C, Vogelmeier CF. Exacerbations of COPD. Eur Respir Rev. 2018;27:170103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/16000617.0103-2017 (Internet).","journal-title":"Eur Respir Rev"},{"key":"1743_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1086\/600383","volume":"200","author":"N Lee","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lee N, Chan PKS, Hui DSC, Rainer TH, Wong E, Choi K-W, et al. Viral loads and duration of viral shedding in adult patients hospitalized with influenza. J Infect Dis. 2009;200:492\u2013500. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/600383 (The University of Chicago Press, Internet).","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"1743_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou Y, Fu X, Liu X, Huang C, Tian G, Ding C, et al. Use of corticosteroids in influenza-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome and severe pneumonia: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep [Internet]. Nature Publishing Group UK; 2020;10:3044. Available from: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32080223. Accessed 27 Dec 2021","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-59732-7"},{"key":"1743_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-021-06394-2","volume":"47","author":"D Chaudhuri","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chaudhuri D, Sasaki K, Karkar A, Sharif S, Lewis K, Mammen MJ, et al. Corticosteroids in COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 ARDS: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Intensive Care Med. 2021;47:521\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00134-021-06394-2 (Internet).","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"1743_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.1111\/crj.12656","volume":"12","author":"T Yin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yin T, Zhu Z, Mei Z, Feng J, Zhang W, He Y, et al. Analysis of viral infection and biomarkers in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Clin Respir J. 2018;12:1228\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/crj.12656 (Internet).","journal-title":"Clin Respir J"}],"container-title":["Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s15010-021-01743-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s15010-021-01743-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s15010-021-01743-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,9]],"date-time":"2025-04-09T10:46:31Z","timestamp":1744195591000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s15010-021-01743-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,29]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]}},"alternative-id":["1743"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s15010-021-01743-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-8126","1439-0973"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-8126","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-0973","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 July 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 December 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 January 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"An approval by an ethics committee was not applicable. See next paragraph for more detailed information on the topic.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"The hospitalization database used in this analysis was provided by the Swiss Federal Statistical\u00a0Office, which is the highest Swiss national agency. They do not require users of the database to seek informed consent, as patient information is fully anonymized and patients are unidentifiable, what makes it impossible to obtain consent. The database is available only upon reasonable request for research purposes.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}}]}}