{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T14:10:22Z","timestamp":1790518222580,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,12]],"date-time":"2023-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691798400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,12]],"date-time":"2023-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691798400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006447","name":"University of Zurich","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006447","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Panel PCR tests provide rapid pathogen identification. However, their diagnostic performance is unclear. We assessed the performance of the Biofire<jats:sup>\u00a9<\/jats:sup> FilmArray pneumonia (PN)-panel against standard culture in broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) samples.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Setting: University Hospital Basel (February 2019 to July 2020), including hospitalized patients with a BAL (\u00b1\u2009pneumonia). We determined sensitivity and specificity of the PN-panel against standard culture. Using univariate logistic regression, we calculated odds ratios (OR) for pneumonia according to PN-panel and culture status, stratifying by chronic pulmonary disease. We calculated ORs for pneumonia for different pathogens to estimate the clinical relevance.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We included 840 adult patients, 60% were males, median age was 68\u00a0years, 35% had chronic pulmonary disease, 21% had pneumonia, and 36% had recent antibiotic use. In 1078 BAL samples, bacterial pathogens were detected in 36% and 16% with PN-panel and culture, respectively. The overall sensitivity and specificity of the PN-panel was high, whereas the positive predictive value was low. The OR of pneumonia was 1.1 (95% CI 0.7\u20131.6) for PN-panel-positive only; 2.6 (95% CI 1.3\u20135.3) for culture-positive only, and 1.6 (95% CI 1.0\u20132.4) for PN-panel and culture-positive. The detection rate of <jats:italic>Haemophilus influenzae<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus,<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Moraxella catarrhalis<\/jats:italic> in the PN-panel was high but not associated with pneumonia.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>While sensitivity and specificity of PN-panel are high compared to culture, pathogen detection did not correlate well with a pneumonia diagnosis. Patients with culture-positive BAL had the highest OR for pneumonia\u2014thus the impact of the PN-panel on clinical management needs further evaluation in randomized controlled trials.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-023-02080-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,12]],"date-time":"2023-08-12T06:01:47Z","timestamp":1691820107000},"page":"173-181","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Evaluation of the clinical relevance of the Biofire\u00a9 FilmArray pneumonia panel among hospitalized patients"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Kirstine K.","family":"S\u00f8gaard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vladimira","family":"Hinic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Goldenberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Gensch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Schweitzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronika","family":"B\u00e4ttig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Siegemund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Bassetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roland","family":"Bingisser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Tamm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Battegay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maja","family":"Weisser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daiana","family":"Stolz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Khanna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Egli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2080_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2020.106184","volume":"56","author":"M Bassetti","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bassetti M, Rello J, Blasi F, Goossens H, Sotgiu G, Tavoschi L, et al. Systematic review of the impact of appropriate versus inappropriate initial antibiotic therapy on outcomes of patients with severe bacterial infections. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020;56: 106184.","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"2080_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00135","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00135-20","volume":"58","author":"BW Buchan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Buchan BW, Windham S, Balada-Llasat JM, Leber A, Harrington A, Relich R, et al. Practical comparison of the BioFire FilmArray pneumonia panel to routine diagnostic methods and potential impact on antimicrobial stewardship in adult hospitalized patients with lower respiratory tract infections. J Clin Microbiol. 2020;58:e00135-e220.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2080_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115236","volume":"99","author":"B Mitton","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mitton B, Rule R, Said M. Laboratory evaluation of the BioFire FilmArray Pneumonia plus panel compared to conventional methods for the identification of bacteria in lower respiratory tract specimens: a prospective cross-sectional study from South Africa. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2021;99: 115236.","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"2080_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00128","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00128-20","volume":"58","author":"CN Murphy","year":"2020","unstructured":"Murphy CN, Fowler R, Balada-Llasat JM, Carroll A, Stone H, Akerele O, et al. Multicenter evaluation of the BioFire FilmArray pneumonia\/pneumonia plus panel for detection and quantification of agents of lower respiratory tract infection. J Clin Microbiol. 2020;58:e00128-e220.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2080_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"00595","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00595-2021","volume":"8","author":"A Salina","year":"2022","unstructured":"Salina A, Schumann DS, Franchetti L, Jahn K, Purkabiri K, M\u00fcller R, et al. Multiplex bacterial PCR in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of non-intubated patients with suspected pulmonary infection: a quasi-experimental study. ERJ Open Res. 2022;8:00595\u20132021.","journal-title":"ERJ Open Res"},{"key":"2080_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.11.014","volume":"27","author":"N Gastli","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gastli N, Loubinoux J, Daragon M, Lavigne JP, Saint-Sardos P, Pailhori\u00e8s H, et al. Multicentric evaluation of BioFire FilmArray pneumonia panel for rapid bacteriological documentation of pneumonia. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2021;27:1308\u201314.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"2080_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.03.024","volume":"95","author":"IY Yoo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yoo IY, Huh K, Shim HJ, Yun SA, Chung YN, Kang OK, et al. Evaluation of the BioFire FilmArray pneumonia panel for rapid detection of respiratory bacterial pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes in sputum and endotracheal aspirate specimens. Int J Infect Dis. 2020;95:326\u201331.","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2080_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2019.10.009","volume":"52","author":"SH Lee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lee SH, Ruan SY, Pan SC, Lee TF, Chien JY, Hsueh PR. Performance of a multiplex PCR pneumonia panel for the identification of respiratory pathogens and the main determinants of resistance from the lower respiratory tract specimens of adult patients in intensive care units. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2019;52:920\u20138.","journal-title":"J Microbiol Immunol Infect"},{"key":"2080_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-03741-7","volume":"12","author":"S Serigstad","year":"2022","unstructured":"Serigstad S, Markussen D, Grewal HMS, Ebbesen M, Kommedal \u00d8, Heggelund L, van Werkhoven CH, Faurholt-Jepsen D, Clark TW, Ritz C, Ulvestad E, Bj\u00f8rneklett R, Knoop ST, CAPNOR Study Group. Rapid syndromic PCR testing in patients with respiratory tract infections reduces time to results and improves microbial yield. Sci Rep. 2022;12:326.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2080_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.13232","volume":"130","author":"V Andrews","year":"2022","unstructured":"Andrews V, Pinholt M, Schneider UV, Sch\u00f8nning K, S\u00f8es LM, Lisby G. Performance of PCR-based syndromic testing compared to bacterial culture in patients with suspected pneumonia applying microscopy for quality assessment. APMIS. 2022;130:417\u201326.","journal-title":"APMIS"},{"key":"2080_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ofaa560","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofaa560","volume":"8","author":"KH Rand","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rand KH, Beal SG, Cherabuddi K, Couturier B, Lingenfelter B, Rindlisbacher C, et al. Performance of a semiquantitative multiplex bacterial and viral PCR panel compared with standard microbiological laboratory results: 396 patients studied with the BioFire pneumonia panel. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2020;8:ofaa560.","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"2080_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.977320","volume":"12","author":"A Jitmuang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jitmuang A, Puttinad S, Hemvimol S, Pansasiri S, Horthongkham N. A multiplex pneumonia panel for diagnosis of hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia in the era of emerging antimicrobial resistance. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022;12: 977320.","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"2080_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.01616-22","volume":"10","author":"D Stafylaki","year":"2022","unstructured":"Stafylaki D, Maraki S, Vaporidi K, Georgopoulos D, Kontoyiannis DP, Kofteridis DP, Chamilos G. Impact of molecular syndromic diagnosis of severe pneumonia in the management of critically ill patients. 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Pathogens. 2022;11:1227.","journal-title":"Pathogens"}],"container-title":["Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s15010-023-02080-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s15010-023-02080-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s15010-023-02080-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]],"date-time":"2024-01-25T10:09:29Z","timestamp":1706177369000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s15010-023-02080-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,12]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]}},"alternative-id":["2080"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s15010-023-02080-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-8126","1439-0973"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-8126","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-0973","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 April 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 July 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 August 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and\/or publication of this article.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the local ethical committee (EKNZ Nr 2021-00007).The database used includes only anonymized data in compliance with the regulations of the applicable data protection laws.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}