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The predominant species was <jats:italic>Enterococcus faecalis<\/jats:italic> (427 episodes; 56%). Sepsis or septic shock were present in 351 (46%) episodes. The overall 30-day mortality rate was 19% (148 episodes). The Cox multivariable regression model showed that age\u2009&gt;\u200960 years (aHR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.05\u20132.90), nosocomial infection (1.78, 1.19\u20132.65), sepsis or septic shock (3.67, 2.48\u20135.45), and not performing source control interventions within 48\u00a0h, in patients on or discussing of transitioning to limitations of care (5.91, 3.13\u201311.14) were associated with 30-day mortality. Conversely, infectious diseases (ID) consultation within 48\u00a0h (0.40, 0.28\u20130.57), appropriate antimicrobial therapy within 48\u00a0h (0.54, 0.34\u20130.86), and source control interventions performed within 48\u00a0h (0.22, 0.14\u20130.36) or not warranted (0.54; 0.34\u20130.86) were associated with survival. Among the 737 episodes without limitation of care, the Cox multivariable regression model showed that nosocomial infection (1.78, 1.19\u20132.67), sepsis or septic shock (3.76, 2.42\u20135.82), were associated with 30-day mortality. Conversely, ID consultation within 48\u00a0h (0.44, 0.30\u20130.65), appropriate antimicrobial therapy within 48\u00a0h (0.51, 0.30\u20130.86), and source control interventions performed within 48\u00a0h (0.25, 0.16\u20130.40) or not warranted (0.40; 0.26\u20130.61) were associated with survival.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Our findings underscore the pivotal role of early management of enterococcal bacteraemia, including ID consultation, appropriate antimicrobial treatment initiation and performance of source control interventions.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-025-02561-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]],"date-time":"2025-05-22T08:15:40Z","timestamp":1747901740000},"page":"2149-2158","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Predictors of mortality of enterococcal bacteraemia and the role of source control interventions; a retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Virgile","family":"Zimmermann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Fourr\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurence","family":"Senn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benoit","family":"Guery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0565-5105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthaios","family":"Papadimitriou-Olivgeris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2561_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2249353","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.49353","volume":"6","author":"T Ohnuma","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ohnuma T, Chihara S, Costin B, Treggiari MM, Bartz RR, Raghunathan K, et al. 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However, patients were excluded if they had previously refused to permit the use of their data for research purposes. For the prospective cohort of susceptive endocarditis, all participants signed the informed consent to participate.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Due to the retrospective nature of the bacteraemia cohort, the ethic committee waived the need of informed consent to publish. However, patients were excluded if they had previously refused to permit the use of their data for research purposes. For the prospective cohort of susceptive endocarditis, all participants gave their consent to publish.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to publish"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}