{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T23:36:53Z","timestamp":1791243413573,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]],"date-time":"2025-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750032000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]],"date-time":"2025-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750032000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004375","name":"Tel Aviv University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004375","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Previous studies analyzing differences in mortality associated with carbapenemase type in patients with a variety of infections caused by carbapenemase-producing\n                      <jats:italic>Enterobacterales<\/jats:italic>\n                      (CPE) have produced conflicting results.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a multinational multicenter retrospective cohort study. Adult patients with blood-stream infections (BSI) caused by CPE between 2015 and 2020 were included. The primary outcome was 14-day mortality; 28-day mortality and microbiological failure were secondary outcomes. Clinical and microbiological data were collected and analyzed using conditional logistic regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 360 patients were identified of whom 226 had infections caused by KPC-producing isolates, 109 by NDM-producing isolates and 25 by other carbapenemases. Definitive therapy was colistin-based in 35.1% of patients, ceftazidime\/avibactam\u2009\u00b1\u2009aztreonam (CAZ\/AVI\u2009\u00b1\u2009A) in 28.2% and other in 23.4%. Overall 14-day mortality was 28.1%; carbapenemase type was unassociated with mortality in univariate or multivariate analyses. Antimicrobial therapy was significantly associated with 14-day mortality: patients treated with CAZ\/AVI\u2009\u00b1\u2009A had an adjusted hazard ratio of 0.172 (95% confidence interval 0.063\u20130.473) for death as compared to patients treated with colistin-based therapy. At 28 days, overall mortality was 35.3%; no association was observed between carbapenemase type and 28-day mortality or microbiological failure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After controlling for antimicrobial therapy, we did not find evidence of an association between carbapenemase type and mortality. Ceftazidime\/avibactam was associated with a greater than 80% reduction in mortality as compared with colistin.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-025-02584-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]],"date-time":"2025-06-16T02:54:19Z","timestamp":1750042459000},"page":"2491-2501","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Carbapenemase type and mortality in blood-stream infections caused by carbapenemase-producing enterobacterales: a multicenter retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Yaakov","family":"Dickstein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dafna","family":"Yahav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giusy","family":"Tiseo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Mussini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erica","family":"Franceschini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Santoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Galia","family":"Rahav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hila","family":"Elinav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Assaf","family":"Potruch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Nutman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mical","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Falcone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"2584_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1798","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03514.x","volume":"17","author":"O Zarkotou","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zarkotou O, Pournaras S, Tselioti P, Dragoumanos V, Pitiriga V, et al. Predictors of mortality in patients with bloodstream infections caused by KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and impact of appropriate antimicrobial treatment. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2011;17(12):1798\u2013803.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"7","key":"2584_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30228-1","volume":"17","author":"B Gutierrez-Gutierrez","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gutierrez-Gutierrez B, Salamanca E, de Cueto M, Hsueh P, Viale P, et al. Effect of appropriate combination therapy on mortality of patients with bloodstream infections due to carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (INCREMENT): a retrospective cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2017;17(7):726\u201334.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"2584_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.09.043","volume":"27","author":"H Seo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Seo H, Kim HJ, Kim MJ, Chong YP, Kim SH, et al. Comparison of clinical outcomes of patients infected with KPC- and NDM-producing enterobacterales: a retrospective cohort study. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2021;27(8):1167.e1-1167.e8.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"10","key":"2584_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e15181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2021.05.045","volume":"27","author":"Y Dickstein","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dickstein Y, Solter E, Schwartz D, Nutman A, Harevrich I, et al. The Israeli National policy for discontinuation of isolation of carbapenem-resistant enterobacterales carriers by carbapenemase type: a retrospective cohort study. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2021;27(10):e15181\u20133.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"2584_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3025","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S363588","volume":"15","author":"K Pudpong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pudpong K, Pattharachayakul S, Santimaleeworagun W, Nwabor OF, Laohaprertthisan V, et al. Association between types of carbapenemase and clinical outcomes of infection due to carbapenem resistance enterobacterales. Infect Drug Resist. 2022;15:3025\u201337.","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"issue":"4","key":"2584_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e02349","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02349-16","volume":"61","author":"MJ Satlin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Satlin MJ, Chen L, Patel G, Gomez-Simmonds A, Weston G, et al. Multicenter clinical and molecular epidemiological analysis of bacteremia due to Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) in the CRE epicenter of the united States. 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Clin Infect Dis. 2023;76(12):2059\u201369.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"2584_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics11050633","volume":"11","author":"L Onorato","year":"2022","unstructured":"Onorato L, Sarnelli B, D\u2019Agostino F, Signoriello G, Trama U, et al. Epidemiological, clinical and Microbiological characteristics of patients with bloodstream infections due to Carbapenem-Resistant K. Pneumoniae in Southern italy: A multicentre study. Antibiot (Basel). 2022;11(5):633.","journal-title":"Antibiot (Basel)"},{"issue":"4","key":"2584_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1080\/21505594.2016.1222343","volume":"8","author":"F van Duin","year":"2017","unstructured":"van Duin F, Doi Y. The global epidemiology of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. 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