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We aimed to evaluate mortality and healthcare utilisation associated with MDR-GNB colonisation in a Swedish population identified through targeted screening following universal risk assessment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All patients screened for MDR-GNB in Sk\u00e5ne, Sweden, between 2013 and 2022, were included, with one year of follow-up. Data on mortality (primary outcome), and secondary outcomes, including emergency department (ED) visits and hospital admissions, outpatient visits and antibiotic prescriptions, were extracted from health records. Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models were applied to compare patients with and without MDR-GNB colonisation, with odds ratio (OR) and hazard ratios (HR) quantifying associations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 12,901 screened patients, 2,485 (19%) had colonisation with extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase\u2013producing Enterobacterales, 83 (0.6%) with carbapenemase-producing\n                      <jats:italic>Enterobacterales<\/jats:italic>\n                      , 50 (0.4%) with carbapenem-resistant\n                      <jats:italic>Acinetobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. and 21 (0.2%) with carbapenem-resistant\n                      <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                      . The overall one-year mortality was 6.6%, with no association between MDR-GNB colonisation and mortality (HR 0.96, 95% CI 0.80\u20131.14). MDR-GNB colonisation was, however, associated with increased risk of ED visits and hospital admissions, longer hospital stays, ICU-admissions, increased use of ambulatory and primary care, and higher antibiotic prescribing. These associations were most pronounced within the first three months post-screening and declined thereafter.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although MDR-GNB colonisation did not increase one-year mortality risk, patients with colonisation experienced significantly increased healthcare use. Further research is warranted to optimise patient outcomes, including preventive measures, and healthcare resource utilisation in this population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-026-02878-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T14:42:30Z","timestamp":1784126550000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of colonisation with multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria in a low endemicity setting: a population-based observational study"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Vigith","family":"Andrews","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik","family":"Senneby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malin","family":"Inghammar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oskar","family":"Ljungquist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2878_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)01867-1","volume":"404","author":"M Naghavi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Naghavi M, Vollset SE, Ikuta KS, et al. Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance 1990\u20132021: a systematic analysis with forecasts to 2050. Lancet. 2024;404:1199\u2013226. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)01867-1.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2878_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30605-4","volume":"9","author":"A Cassini","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cassini A, H\u00f6gberg LD, Plachouras D, et al. Attributable deaths and disability-adjusted life-years caused by infections with antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the EU and the European Economic Area in 2015: a population-level modelling analysis. Lancet Infect Dis n d. 2019;9:56\u201366.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis n d"},{"key":"2878_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30753-3","volume":"18","author":"E Tacconelli","year":"2018","unstructured":"WHO, Tacconelli E, Carrara E, Savoldi A, Harbarth S, Mendelson M, Monnet DL, et al. 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Approval was granted by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority, reference number 2023-06402-01.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Individual informed consent was waived in accordance with Swedish regulations and by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority for this retrospective study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Informed consent","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}