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Clinical records from the acute phase were reviewed, and patients were reevaluated ten years later through clinical assessment, review of medical history, serological testing, and molecular analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The outbreak affected 17 of 40 slaughterhouse workers (attack rate\u2009=\u200942.5%) and was likely associated with the inhalation of\n                      <jats:italic>Coxiella burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                      during the slaughter of pregnant cows. Patients presented with prolonged fever, headache, myalgia, pneumonia, hepatitis, and hematuria; six required hospitalization. Ten years later, 14 patients were reevaluated. Of these, 10 developed complications compatible with chronic Q fever, including cardiac and respiratory disorders, as well as persistent fatigue. One woman experienced a premature birth after becoming pregnant following the outbreak. In 2025, one patient presented a phase I antibody endpoint titer of 1:1024 and a history of endocarditis, suggesting persistent infection.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study provides a unique description of the long-term clinical and serological outcomes of workers involved in the first documented Q fever outbreak in Brazil and emphasizes the importance of post-outbreak surveillance and prolonged clinical follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-026-02922-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T14:51:31Z","timestamp":1787583091000},"page":"2771-2777","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Q fever outbreak in a slaughterhouse in Brazil: description and decade-later investigation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1178-5643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danilo A.","family":"Fran\u00e7a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Igor S.","family":"Silito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matheus","family":"Pasini-Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leila C.","family":"Saad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tais B.","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milenne U. 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