{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T22:53:12Z","timestamp":1791067992680,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790985600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790985600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infection"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) represent a major cause of preventable morbidity and are increasingly relevant in high-income settings because of migration, international travel, climate-sensitive vector expansion and persistent health inequities. However, NTDs-related knowledge and educational exposure among future and early-career physicians in Europe remain poorly documented. This study assessed NTDs-related knowledge, attitudes and practice-related experiences among medical students and residents in Italy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a national multicenter cross-sectional survey through a structured and previously validated REDCap questionnaire distributed across 40 Italian universities covering all 20 Italian regions. The survey included demographic and academic variables, exposure to NTDs-related teaching, six clinical vignettes, ten theoretical knowledge questions, Likert-scale attitude items and practice-related experience questions. The questionnaire had undergone a multi-step validation process, including a two-round Delphi assessment with a multidisciplinary expert panel, external expert evaluation and psychometric testing. A basic knowledge threshold of \u2265\u200950% correct responses was defined a priori by consensus within the SIMET working group as an operational criterion for basic knowledge. A more stringent high-knowledge threshold was defined as \u2265\u200912 correct answers out of 16.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 2,088 questionnaires were received; 267 (12.8%) were excluded because of incomplete or insufficient data, leaving 1,821 analyzable responses (87.2%), including 1,366 medical students (75.0%) and 455 residents (25.0%). Median age was 25 years (IQR 22\u201329) and 60.1% were female. Regarding formal curricular teaching, 40.7% of participants reported no hours of NTDs-related teaching, whereas only 8.5% reported more than 10\u00a0h. Only 38.6% reached the basic knowledge threshold and 32.7% correctly answered at least four out of six clinical vignettes. A much smaller proportion (8.7%) reached the high-knowledge threshold of \u2265\u200912\/16 correct answers, with markedly higher attainment among residents than medical students (32.3% vs. 0.8%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Nevertheless, attitudes were highly favorable: 92.4% supported mandatory inclusion of NTDs in educational curricula, 90.8% were willing to attend dedicated courses and 93.8% considered workshops useful. In multivariable analysis, increasing hours of formal NTDs-related teaching were associated with progressively higher odds of achieving the basic knowledge threshold (&lt;\u20095\u00a0h: aOR 1.25, 95% CI 1.00\u20131.56; 5\u201310\u00a0h: aOR 1.63, 95% CI 1.24\u20132.13; &gt;10\u00a0h: aOR 2.42, 95% CI 1.74\u20133.37), with a significant linear trend across categories (p for trend\u2009=\u20090.002). Participation in dedicated educational activities (aOR 1.84, 95% CI 1.49\u20132.27) and previous suspicion or diagnosis of an NTD case (aOR 1.52, 95% CI 1.18\u20131.96) were also independently associated with the outcome.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NTDs-related knowledge among medical students and residents in Italy remains suboptimal despite strong interest in additional training. Fewer than four in ten participants reached a basic knowledge threshold, and fewer than one in ten reached a high-knowledge threshold. These findings highlight the need to strengthen structured NTDs-related teaching in undergraduate and postgraduate medical curricula, with emphasis on clinical decision-making competencies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-026-02987-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T09:18:41Z","timestamp":1791019121000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Knowledge, attitudes and educational exposure regarding neglected tropical diseases among medical students and residents in Italy: a nationwide multicenter survey from the Italian Society for Tropical Medicine and Global Health (SIMET ETS)"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Giacomo","family":"Guido","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa","family":"Buonamassa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0706-7562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benedetta","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Barbiero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Mangiapelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Perego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleonora","family":"Perugini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilenia Annunziata","family":"Ritacco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"De Vito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giordano","family":"Madeddu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Serapide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppina","family":"De Iaco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariantonietta","family":"Pisaturo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Coppola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuele","family":"Nicastri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Gobbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Scarso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosalia","family":"Marrone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serafino Maria Kai","family":"Poli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuele","family":"Rollo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Zella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"D\u2019Abramo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annalisa","family":"Saracino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Iatta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"Calleri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Corpolongo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Di Gennaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2987_CR1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). 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