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We therefore conducted a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing short- versus long-course antibiotic therapy for bone infections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched through February 2026 for RCTs comparing short- and long-course antibiotic therapy in bone infections, including periprosthetic joint infection, diabetic foot osteomyelitis, vertebral osteomyelitis, and paediatric acute haematogenous osteomyelitis. Treatment failure and antibiotic-related adverse events were analysed using both intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) data. Risk of bias and certainty of evidence were assessed using ROB 1 and GRADE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In the ITT analysis, no significant difference in treatment failure was observed between short- and long-course therapy (RR\u2009=\u20091.12, 95% CI 0.77\u20131.62,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.55). The PP analysis suggested a potential increase in treatment failure with short-course therapy (RR\u2009=\u20091.47, 95% CI 1.00\u20132.16,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.05). Short-course therapy was associated with a significantly lower risk of antibiotic-related adverse events (RR\u2009=\u20090.81, 95% CI 0.69\u20130.94,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.006). Certainty of evidence was moderate for treatment failure outcomes and high for adverse events.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>No statistically significant difference in treatment failure was observed between short- and long-course antibiotic therapy in the ITT analysis, whereas short-course therapy was associated with significantly fewer antibiotic-related adverse events. However, the PP analysis suggested a possible increase in treatment failure with short-course therapy. The included bone infections were clinically heterogeneous, which may limit generalisability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-026-03024-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T10:50:42Z","timestamp":1792407042000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Short-course versus long-course antibiotics in bone infections: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Yang","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaolun","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Hakert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiantong","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jillian","family":"Cornish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"3024_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-022-00686-0","volume":"20","author":"EA Masters","year":"2022","unstructured":"Masters EA, Ricciardi BF, Bentley KLM, Moriarty TF, Schwarz EM, Muthukrishnan G. 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