{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T15:31:56Z","timestamp":1780414316864,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]],"date-time":"2025-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735862400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]],"date-time":"2025-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735862400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurol Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40120-024-00696-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]],"date-time":"2025-01-03T16:42:25Z","timestamp":1735922545000},"page":"71-84","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Serum Biomarkers in Transthyretin Amyloidosis: An Overview of Neurofilaments, Cardiac, Renal, and Gastrointestinal Involvement"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Valeria","family":"Guglielmino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Vitali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Romano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"Primiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Ausilia","family":"Sciarrone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7539-505X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Luigetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"696_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.2147\/TCRM.S219979","volume":"16","author":"M Luigetti","year":"2020","unstructured":"Luigetti M, Romano A, Di Paolantonio A, Bisogni G, Sabatelli M. Diagnosis and treatment of hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (hATTR) polyneuropathy: current perspectives on improving patient care. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2020;16:109\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/TCRM.S219979.","journal-title":"Ther Clin Risk Manag."},{"issue":"1","key":"696_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.16070","volume":"31","author":"A Romano","year":"2024","unstructured":"Romano A, Primiano G, Antonini G, et al. Serum neurofilament light chain: a promising early diagnostic biomarker for hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis? Eur J Neurol. 2024;31(1): e16070. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ene.16070.","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"issue":"10","key":"696_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-018-0058-z","volume":"14","author":"M Khalil","year":"2018","unstructured":"Khalil M, Teunissen CE, Otto M, et al. Neurofilaments as biomarkers in neurological disorders. Nat Rev Neurol. 2018;14(10):577\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41582-018-0058-z.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"issue":"21","key":"696_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4868","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10214868","volume":"10","author":"S Oghina","year":"2021","unstructured":"Oghina S, Josse C, B\u00e9zard M, et al. Prognostic value of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and high-sensitivity troponin T levels in the natural history of transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy and their evolution after tafamidis treatment. J Clin Med. 2021;10(21):4868. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm10214868.","journal-title":"J Clin Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"696_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(22)00009-6","volume":"21","author":"P Benkert","year":"2022","unstructured":"Benkert P, Meier S, Schaedelin S, et al. Serum neurofilament light chain for individual prognostication of disease activity in people with multiple sclerosis: a retrospective modelling and validation study. Lancet Neurol. 2022;21(3):246\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1474-4422(22)00009-6.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"9","key":"696_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2019.1534","volume":"76","author":"C Bridel","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bridel C, van Wieringen WN, Zetterberg H, et al. Diagnostic value of cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light protein in neurology: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Neurol. 2019;76(9):1035\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaneurol.2019.1534.","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"7","key":"696_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3770","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25073770","volume":"25","author":"M Berends","year":"2024","unstructured":"Berends M, Nienhuis HLA, Adams D, et al. Neurofilament light chains in systemic amyloidosis: a systematic review. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25(7):3770. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms25073770.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"696_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1111\/jns.12350","volume":"24","author":"M Kapoor","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kapoor M, Foiani M, Heslegrave A, et al. Plasma neurofilament light chain concentration is increased and correlates with the severity of neuropathy in hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis. J Peripher Nerv Syst. 2019;24(4):314\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jns.12350.","journal-title":"J Peripher Nerv Syst"},{"issue":"1","key":"696_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1111\/jns.12524","volume":"28","author":"V Loser","year":"2023","unstructured":"Loser V, Benkert P, Vicino A, et al. Serum neurofilament light chain as a reliable biomarker of hereditary transthyretin-related amyloidosis-A Swiss reference center experience. J Peripher Nerv Syst. 2023;28(1):86\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jns.12524.","journal-title":"J Peripher Nerv Syst"},{"issue":"1","key":"696_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1080\/13506129.2020.1815696","volume":"28","author":"J Louwsma","year":"2021","unstructured":"Louwsma J, Brunger AF, Bijzet J, et al. Neurofilament light chain, a biomarker for polyneuropathy in systemic amyloidosis. Amyloid. 2021;28(1):50\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13506129.2020.1815696.","journal-title":"Amyloid"},{"issue":"2","key":"696_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1080\/13506129.2019.1708716","volume":"27","author":"LF Maia","year":"2020","unstructured":"Maia LF, Maceski A, Concei\u00e7\u00e3o I, et al. Plasma neurofilament light chain: an early biomarker for hereditary ATTR amyloid polyneuropathy. Amyloid. 2020;27(2):97\u2013102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13506129.2019.1708716.","journal-title":"Amyloid"},{"issue":"3","key":"696_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e412","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000011090","volume":"96","author":"S Ticau","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ticau S, Sridharan GV, Tsour S, et al. Neurofilament light chain as a biomarker of hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis. Neurology. 2021;96(3):e412\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0000000000011090.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"4","key":"696_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2845","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-021-05850-7","volume":"43","author":"M Luigetti","year":"2022","unstructured":"Luigetti M, Di Paolantonio A, Guglielmino V, et al. Neurofilament light chain as a disease severity biomarker in ATTRv: data from a single-centre experience. Neurol Sci. 2022;43(4):2845\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10072-021-05850-7.","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"696_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-50212-2","volume":"14","author":"J Gonz\u00e1lez-Moreno","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Moreno J, Gragera-Mart\u00ednez \u00c1, Rodr\u00edguez A, et al. Biomarkers of axonal damage to favor early diagnosis in variant transthyretin amyloidosis (A-ATTRv). Sci Rep. 2024;14(1):581. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-023-50212-2.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"696_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1080\/13506129.2024.2313218","volume":"31","author":"AS Carroll","year":"2024","unstructured":"Carroll AS, Razvi Y, O\u2019Donnell L, et al. Serum neurofilament light chain in hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis: validation in real-life practice. Amyloid. 2024;31(2):95\u2013104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13506129.2024.2313218.","journal-title":"Amyloid"},{"issue":"12","key":"696_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6416","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-022-11276-8","volume":"269","author":"TH Brannagan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Brannagan TH, Coelho T, Wang AK, et al. Long-term efficacy and safety of inotersen for hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis: NEURO-TTR open-label extension 3-year update. J Neurol. 2022;269(12):6416\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00415-022-11276-8.","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"696_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(20)30368-9","volume":"20","author":"D Adams","year":"2021","unstructured":"Adams D, Polydefkis M, Gonz\u00e1lez-Duarte A, et al. Long-term safety and efficacy of patisiran for hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis with polyneuropathy: 12-month results of an open-label extension study. Lancet Neurol. 2021;20(1):49\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1474-4422(20)30368-9. (Published correction appears in Lancet Neurol. 2021; 20(2):e2. 10.1016\/S1474-4422(20)30458-0).","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"696_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/13506129.2023.2232520","volume":"31","author":"S Ticau","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ticau S, Aldinc E, Polydefkis M, et al. Treatment response and neurofilament light chain levels with long-term patisiran in hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis with polyneuropathy: 24-month results of an open-label extension study. Amyloid. 2024;31(1):1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13506129.2023.2232520. (Published correction appears in Amyloid. 2024 Mar;31(1):iii. 10.1080\/13506129.2023.2246797).","journal-title":"Amyloid"},{"issue":"Suppl 29","key":"696_CR19","first-page":"S100","volume":"92","author":"E Aldinc","year":"2022","unstructured":"Aldinc E, Ticau S, Polydefkis M, et al. NfL levels significantly decrease in response to treatment with patisiran or vutrisiran in hATTR amyloidosis with polyneuropathy [abstract no. S170 plus poster]. Ann Neurol. 2022;92(Suppl 29):S100\u20131.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"696_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1675","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-023-07177-x","volume":"45","author":"A Romano","year":"2024","unstructured":"Romano A, Guglielmino V, Bisogni G, et al. Early detection of nerve involvement in presymptomatic TTR mutation carriers: exploring potential markers of disease onset. Neurol Sci. 2024;45(4):1675\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10072-023-07177-x.","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"696_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1080\/13506129.2024.2327342","volume":"31","author":"M Berends","year":"2024","unstructured":"Berends M, Brunger AF, Bijzet J, et al. Longitudinal analysis of serum neurofilament light chain levels as marker for neuronal damage in hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis. Amyloid. 2024;31(2):132\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13506129.2024.2327342.","journal-title":"Amyloid"},{"issue":"7","key":"696_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-020-0334-7","volume":"17","author":"A Martinez-Naharro","year":"2020","unstructured":"Martinez-Naharro A, Baksi AJ, Hawkins PN, Fontana M. Diagnostic imaging of cardiac amyloidosis. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2020;17(7):413\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41569-020-0334-7.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"key":"696_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2020.09.025","volume":"82","author":"A Porcari","year":"2020","unstructured":"Porcari A, Merlo M, Rapezzi C, Sinagra G. Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy: an uncharted territory awaiting discovery. Eur J Intern Med. 2020;82:7\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejim.2020.09.025.","journal-title":"Eur J Intern Med"},{"issue":"18","key":"696_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3517","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvac119","volume":"118","author":"A Porcari","year":"2023","unstructured":"Porcari A, Fontana M, Gillmore JD. Transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis. Cardiovasc Res. 2023;118(18):3517\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cvr\/cvac119.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"696_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.2113","volume":"23","author":"V Castiglione","year":"2021","unstructured":"Castiglione V, Franzini M, Aimo A, et al. Use of biomarkers to diagnose and manage cardiac amyloidosis. Eur J Heart Fail. 2021;23(2):217\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejhf.2113.","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"issue":"9","key":"696_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2020.03.007","volume":"8","author":"A Pregenzer-Wenzler","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pregenzer-Wenzler A, Abraham J, Barrell K, Kovacsovics T, Nativi-Nicolau J. Utility of biomarkers in cardiac amyloidosis. JACC Heart Fail. 2020;8(9):701\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jchf.2020.03.007. (Published correction appears in JACC Heart Fail. 2020; 8(12):1058\u20131059. 10.1016\/j.jchf.2020.10.004).","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail."},{"issue":"3","key":"696_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13030810","volume":"13","author":"HSA Tingen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tingen HSA, Berends M, Tubben A, et al. High-sensitivity cardiac troponin T to exclude cardiac involvement in TTR variant carriers and ATTRv amyloidosis patients. J Clin Med. 2024;13(3):810. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm13030810.","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"696_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0173086","volume":"12","author":"AV Kristen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kristen AV, Maurer MS, Rapezzi C, et al. Impact of genotype and phenotype on cardiac biomarkers in patients with transthyretin amyloidosis: report from the transthyretin amyloidosis outcome survey (THAOS). PLoS ONE. 2017;12(4): e0173086. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0173086.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"30","key":"696_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2799","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx589","volume":"39","author":"JD Gillmore","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gillmore JD, Damy T, Fontana M, et al. A new staging system for cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis. Eur Heart J. 2018;39(30):2799\u2013806. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx589.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"4","key":"696_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.3109\/13506120903421538","volume":"16","author":"S Lehrke","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lehrke S, Steen H, Kristen AV, et al. Serum levels of NT-proBNP as surrogate for cardiac amyloid burden: new evidence from gadolinium-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in patients with amyloidosis. Amyloid. 2009;16(4):187\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/13506120903421538.","journal-title":"Amyloid"},{"issue":"14","key":"696_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1568","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2017-12-819904","volume":"131","author":"E Kastritis","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kastritis E, Papassotiriou I, Merlini G, et al. Growth differentiation factor-15 is a new biomarker for survival and renal outcomes in light chain amyloidosis. Blood. 2018;131(14):1568\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2017-12-819904.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"2","key":"696_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.13176","volume":"8","author":"M Okada","year":"2021","unstructured":"Okada M, Misumi Y, Masuda T, et al. Plasma growth differentiation factor 15: a novel tool to detect early changes of hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis. ESC Heart Fail. 2021;8(2):1178\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ehf2.13176.","journal-title":"ESC Heart Fail"},{"issue":"1","key":"696_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18281","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-69123-x","volume":"14","author":"M Luigetti","year":"2024","unstructured":"Luigetti M, Vitali F, Romano A, et al. Emerging multisystem biomarkers in hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis: a pilot study. Sci Rep. 2024;14(1):18281. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-69123-x.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"8","key":"696_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci11080980","volume":"11","author":"PM Ferraro","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ferraro PM, D\u2019Ambrosio V, Di Paolantonio A, et al. Renal involvement in hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis: an Italian single-centre experience. Brain Sci. 2021;11(8):980. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/brainsci11080980.","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"696_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2024.01.527","volume":"84","author":"E Mel\u00e9ndrez-Balc\u00e1zar","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mel\u00e9ndrez-Balc\u00e1zar E, Aranda-Vela K, Cervantes-Hern\u00e1ndez A, L\u00f3pez-Cure\u00f1o S. Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis and the impact of classic and new treatments on kidney function: a review. Am J Kidney Dis. 2024;84(2):224\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.ajkd.2024.01.527.","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"696_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfac156","volume":"16","author":"V D'Ambrosio","year":"2022","unstructured":"D\u2019Ambrosio V, Ferraro PM, Guglielmino V, Luigetti M. Kidney involvement in hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis: is there a role for cystatin C? Clin Kidney J. 2022;16(2):397\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ckj\/sfac156.","journal-title":"Clin Kidney J"},{"issue":"2","key":"696_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfac157","volume":"16","author":"J Solignac","year":"2022","unstructured":"Solignac J, Jourde-Chiche N. Reply to \u201cKidney involvement in hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis: is there a role for cystatin C?\u201d Clin Kidney J. 2022;16(2):399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ckj\/sfac157.","journal-title":"Clin Kidney J"},{"issue":"sup1","key":"696_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1080\/13506129.2016.1277697","volume":"24","author":"A Rocha","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rocha A, Silva A, Cardoso M, et al. Transthyretin (ATTR) amyloidosis nephropathy: lessons from a TTR stabilizer molecule. Amyloid. 2017;24(sup1):81\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13506129.2016.1277697.","journal-title":"Amyloid"},{"issue":"5","key":"696_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1007\/s00709-020-01513-0","volume":"257","author":"N Gupta","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gupta N, Kaur H, Wajid S. Renal amyloidosis: an update on diagnosis and pathogenesis. Protoplasma. 2020;257(5):1259\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00709-020-01513-0.","journal-title":"Protoplasma"},{"issue":"9","key":"696_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1747","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfac118","volume":"15","author":"J Solignac","year":"2022","unstructured":"Solignac J, Delmont E, Fortanier E, et al. Kidney involvement in hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis: a cohort study of 103 patients. Clin Kidney J. 2022;15(9):1747\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ckj\/sfac118.","journal-title":"Clin Kidney J"},{"issue":"3","key":"696_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/18.3.532","volume":"18","author":"L Lobato","year":"2003","unstructured":"Lobato L, Beir\u00e3o I, Silva M, et al. Familial ATTR amyloidosis: microalbuminuria as a predictor of symptomatic disease and clinical nephropathy. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2003;18(3):532\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ndt\/18.3.532.","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"696_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2022.08.029","volume":"536","author":"V Marakala","year":"2022","unstructured":"Marakala V. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in kidney injury: a systematic review. Clin Chim Acta. 2022;536:135\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cca.2022.08.029.","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"issue":"3","key":"696_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.15403\/jgld-2474","volume":"29","author":"M Luigetti","year":"2020","unstructured":"Luigetti M, Tortora A, Romano A, et al. Gastrointestinal manifestations in hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis: a single-centre experience. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis. 2020;29(3):339\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15403\/jgld-2474.","journal-title":"J Gastrointestin Liver Dis"},{"key":"696_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2018.07.005","volume":"87","author":"RM Ayling","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ayling RM, Kok K. Fecal calprotectin. Adv Clin Chem. 2018;87:161\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/bs.acc.2018.07.005.","journal-title":"Adv Clin Chem"},{"issue":"11","key":"696_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000019509","volume":"99","author":"R Nakov","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nakov R, Sarafov S, Nakov V, et al. Fecal calprotectin levels are elevated in transthyretin amyloidosis patients with gastrointestinal manifestations. Medicine (Baltimore). 2020;99(11): e19509. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000019509.","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"5","key":"696_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000001655","volume":"32","author":"R Nakov","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nakov R, Sarafov S, Nakov V, Gospodinova M, Tournev I. Fecal calprotectin concentrations in patients with hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis and gastrointestinal symptoms. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020;32(5):664. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MEG.0000000000001655.","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"696_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.123.033094","volume":"13","author":"A Ioannou","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ioannou A, Nitsche C, Porcari A, et al. Multiorgan dysfunction and associated prognosis in transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis. J Am Heart Assoc. 2024;13(4): e033094. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/JAHA.123.033094.","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"5","key":"696_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1007\/s11897-022-00570-1","volume":"19","author":"CJ Hood","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hood CJ, Hendren NS, Pedretti R, Roth LR, Saelices L, Grodin JL. Update on disease-specific biomarkers in transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis. Curr Heart Fail Rep. 2022;19(5):356\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11897-022-00570-1.","journal-title":"Curr Heart Fail Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"696_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.3109\/13506129.2010.483118","volume":"17","author":"J Buxbaum","year":"2010","unstructured":"Buxbaum J, Anan I, Suhr O. Serum transthyretin levels in Swedish TTR V30M carriers. Amyloid. 2010;17(2):83\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/13506129.2010.483118.","journal-title":"Amyloid"},{"issue":"2","key":"696_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.117.004000","volume":"11","author":"JLS Hanson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hanson JLS, Arvanitis M, Koch CM, et al. Use of serum transthyretin as a prognostic indicator and predictor of outcome in cardiac amyloid disease associated with wild-type transthyretin. Circ Heart Fail. 2018;11(2): e004000. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.117.004000.","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail"},{"issue":"12","key":"696_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1708","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci12121708","volume":"12","author":"M Luigetti","year":"2022","unstructured":"Luigetti M, Romano A, Guglielmino V, et al. Serum inflammatory profile in hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis: mechanisms and possible therapeutic implications. Brain Sci. 2022;12(12):1708. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/brainsci12121708.","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"696_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.3390\/jcdd11050142","volume":"11","author":"L Nieto-Roca","year":"2024","unstructured":"Nieto-Roca L, CamblorBlasco A, Devesa A, et al. Serum biomarkers and their association with myocardial function and exercise capacity in cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2024;11(5):142. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcdd11050142.","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Dev Dis"},{"issue":"24","key":"696_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16133","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232416133","volume":"23","author":"M Luigetti","year":"2022","unstructured":"Luigetti M, Guglielmino V, Romano A, et al. A metabolic signature of hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis: a pilot study. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(24):16133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms232416133.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"696_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-020-04889-2","volume":"43","author":"F Manganelli","year":"2022","unstructured":"Manganelli F, Fabrizi GM, Luigetti M, Mandich P, Mazzeo A, Pareyson D. Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis overview. Neurol Sci. 2022;43(Suppl 2):595\u2013604. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10072-020-04889-2.","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"696_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cels.2021.06.006","volume":"12","author":"M Mann","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mann M, Kumar C, Zeng WF, Strauss MT. Artificial intelligence for proteomics and biomarker discovery. Cell Syst. 2021;12(8):759\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cels.2021.06.006.","journal-title":"Cell Syst"},{"issue":"3","key":"696_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12030627","volume":"12","author":"MH Jung","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jung MH, Chang S, Han EJ, Youn JC. Multimodal imaging and biomarkers in cardiac amyloidosis. Diagnostics (Basel). 2022;12(3):627. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/diagnostics12030627.","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"issue":"10","key":"696_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.124.034518","volume":"13","author":"N Kuyama","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kuyama N, Takashio S, Oguni T, et al. Cardiac biomarker change at 1 year after tafamidis treatment and clinical outcomes in patients with transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy. J Am Heart Assoc. 2024;13(10): e034518. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/JAHA.124.034518.","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"}],"container-title":["Neurology and Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40120-024-00696-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40120-024-00696-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40120-024-00696-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,25]],"date-time":"2025-01-25T16:18:44Z","timestamp":1737821924000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40120-024-00696-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]}},"alternative-id":["696"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40120-024-00696-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["2193-8253","2193-6536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2193-8253","type":"print"},{"value":"2193-6536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 November 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 December 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 January 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Marco Luigetti is an Editorial Board member of Neurology and Therapy. Marco Luigetti was not involved in the selection of peer reviewers for the manuscript nor any of the subsequent editorial decisions. Marco Luigetti received financial grants (honoraria and speaking) from Ackea, Alnylam, AstraZeneca, Sobi, and Pfzer, and travel grants from Ackea, Alnylam, Sobi, Pfzer, Kedrion, and Grifols. Angela Romano received financial grants (honoraria and speaking) from Akcea, and travel grants from Akcea, Alnylam, Pfzer, and Csl Behring. Guido Primiano received financial grants (honoraria and speaking) from Sanofi. The other authors have no conficts of interest to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This article is based on previously conducted studies and does not contain any new studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}}]}}