{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T20:29:42Z","timestamp":1744921782877,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]],"date-time":"2021-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614211200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]],"date-time":"2021-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614211200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pain Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40122-021-00242-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]],"date-time":"2021-02-25T12:03:52Z","timestamp":1614254632000},"page":"567-576","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effect of Occipital Nerve Stimulation (ONS) on the Orbicularis Oculi Reflex Triggered by a Standardized Air Flow in Patients with Chronic Migraine\u2014A Prospective, Randomized, Interventional Study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4283-6936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carl H.","family":"G\u00f6bel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Axel","family":"Heinze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Karstedt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Svenja","family":"Clasen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2163-112X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hartmut","family":"G\u00f6bel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"242_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-018-1190-5","volume":"18","author":"S Ahmed","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ahmed S, Plazier M, Ost J, et al. The effect of occipital nerve field stimulation on the descending pain pathway in patients with fibromyalgia: a water PET and EEG imaging study. BMC Neurol. 2018;18:191.","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"key":"242_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.11.JNS192042","author":"JA Aibar-Duran","year":"2020","unstructured":"Aibar-Duran JA, Alvarez Holzapfel MJ, Rodriguez Rodriguez R, et al. Occipital nerve stimulation and deep brain stimulation for refractory cluster headache: a prospective analysis of efficacy over time. J Neurosurg. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2019.11.JNS192042.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"242_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3201","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-020-04372-z","volume":"162","author":"K Ashkan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ashkan K, Sokratous G, G\u00f6bel H, et al. Peripheral nerve stimulation registry for intractable migraine headache (RELIEF): a real-life perspective on the utility of occipital nerve stimulation for chronic migraine. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2020;162:3201\u201311.","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"key":"242_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2014.03.001","volume":"155","author":"N Boyer","year":"2014","unstructured":"Boyer N, Dallel R, Artola A, et al. General trigeminospinal central sensitization and impaired descending pain inhibitory controls contribute to migraine progression. Pain. 2014;155:1196\u2013205.","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"242_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0116786","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0116786","volume":"10","author":"YF Chen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chen YF, Bramley G, Unwin G, et al. Occipital nerve stimulation for chronic migraine\u2013a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. 2015;10:e0116786.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"242_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(91)90308-I","volume":"556","author":"G Cruccu","year":"1991","unstructured":"Cruccu G, Ferracuti S, Leardi MG, et al. Nociceptive quality of the orbicularis oculi reflexes as evaluated by distinct opiate- and benzodiazepine-induced changes in man. Brain Res. 1991;556:209\u201317.","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"242_CR7","first-page":"556","volume":"103","author":"R Dengler","year":"1985","unstructured":"Dengler R. Orbicularis oculi reflex in clinical and experimental neurology. Fortschr Med. 1985;103:556\u20138.","journal-title":"Fortschr Med"},{"key":"242_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102414543331","volume":"35","author":"DW Dodick","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dodick DW, Silberstein SD, Reed KL, et al. Safety and efficacy of peripheral nerve stimulation of the occipital nerves for the management of chronic migraine: long-term results from a randomized, multicenter, double-blinded, controlled study. Cephalalgia. 2015;35:344\u201358.","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"242_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-020-01161-y","volume":"21","author":"N Garcia-Magro","year":"2020","unstructured":"Garcia-Magro N, Negredo P, Martin YB, et al. Modulation of mechanosensory vibrissal responses in the trigeminocervical complex by stimulation of the greater occipital nerve in a rat model of trigeminal neuropathic pain. J Headache Pain. 2020;21:96.","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"242_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.12977","volume":"22","author":"R Garcia-Ortega","year":"2019","unstructured":"Garcia-Ortega R, Edwards T, Moir L, et al. Burst occipital nerve stimulation for chronic migraine and chronic cluster headache. Neuromodulation. 2019;22:638\u201344.","journal-title":"Neuromodulation"},{"key":"242_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2014.09.019","volume":"8","author":"A G\u00f6bel","year":"2015","unstructured":"G\u00f6bel A, G\u00f6bel CH, Heinze A, et al. Imaging sensory effects of occipital nerve stimulation: a new computer-based method in neuromodulation. Brain Stimul. 2015;8:295\u20138.","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"242_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1007\/s40122-020-00194-0","volume":"9","author":"CH G\u00f6bel","year":"2020","unstructured":"G\u00f6bel CH, G\u00f6bel A, Niederberger U, et al. Occipital nerve stimulation in chronic migraine: the relationship between perceived sensory quality, perceived sensory location, and clinical efficacy-a prospective, observational, non-interventional study. Pain Ther. 2020;9:615\u201326.","journal-title":"Pain Ther"},{"key":"242_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0b013e32832a40e1","volume":"22","author":"M Granot","year":"2009","unstructured":"Granot M. Can we predict persistent postoperative pain by testing preoperative experimental pain? Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2009;22:425\u201330.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"242_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1002236","volume":"51","author":"W Hacke","year":"1983","unstructured":"Hacke W, Schaff C, Zeumer H. Orbicularis oculi reflex in computerized tomography verified lesions of the posterior cranial fossa. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 1983;51:313\u201324.","journal-title":"Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr"},{"key":"242_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E9","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.6.FOCUS13233","volume":"35","author":"S Hann","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hann S, Sharan A. Dual occipital and supraorbital nerve stimulation for chronic migraine: a single-center experience, review of literature, and surgical considerations. Neurosurg Focus. 2013;35:E9.","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"242_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2011.01966.x","volume":"51","author":"B Jenkins","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jenkins B, Tepper SJ. Neurostimulation for primary headache disorders, part 1: pathophysiology and anatomy, history of neuromodulation in headache treatment, and review of peripheral neuromodulation in primary headaches. Headache. 2011;51:1254\u201366.","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"242_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2005.05179.x","volume":"45","author":"MB Kitaj","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kitaj MB, Klink M. Pain thresholds in daily transformed migraine versus episodic migraine headache patients. Headache. 2005;45:992\u20138.","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"242_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1177\/1550059418825169","volume":"50","author":"JS Leon-Ariza","year":"2019","unstructured":"Leon-Ariza JS, Prada DG, Leon-Ariza DS, et al. The three nociceptive responses of the orbicularis oculi reflex in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: state of the evidence and meta-analysis. Clin EEG Neurosci. 2019;50:354\u201360.","journal-title":"Clin EEG Neurosci"},{"key":"242_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2011.01973.x","volume":"51","author":"D Magis","year":"2011","unstructured":"Magis D, Gerardy PY, Remacle JM, et al. Sustained effectiveness of occipital nerve stimulation in drug-resistant chronic cluster headache. Headache. 2011;51:1191\u2013201.","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"242_CR20","first-page":"119","volume":"56","author":"P Magown","year":"2009","unstructured":"Magown P, Garcia R, Beauprie I, et al. Occipital nerve stimulation for intractable occipital neuralgia: an open surgical technique. Clin Neurosurg. 2009;56:119\u201324.","journal-title":"Clin Neurosurg"},{"key":"242_CR21","first-page":"45","volume":"22","author":"JP Malin","year":"1982","unstructured":"Malin JP. The human orbicularis oculi reflex Some principal remarks. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1982;22:45\u201353.","journal-title":"Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"242_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-016-0659-0","volume":"17","author":"S Miller","year":"2016","unstructured":"Miller S, Watkins L, Matharu M. Long-term outcomes of occipital nerve stimulation for chronic migraine: a cohort of 53 patients. J Headache Pain. 2016;17:68.","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"242_CR23","first-page":"223","volume":"40","author":"JA Picaza","year":"1977","unstructured":"Picaza JA, Hunter SE, Cannon BW. Pain suppression by peripheral nerve stimulation. Chronic effects of implanted devices. Appl Neurophysiol. 1977;40:223\u201334.","journal-title":"Appl Neurophysiol"},{"key":"242_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E151","DOI":"10.36076\/2017.1.E151","volume":"20","author":"D Rodrigo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rodrigo D, Acin P, Bermejo P. Occipital nerve stimulation for refractory chronic migraine: results of a long-term prospective study. Pain Physician. 2017;20:E151\u20139.","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"key":"242_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102410381142","volume":"31","author":"JR Saper","year":"2011","unstructured":"Saper JR, Dodick DW, Silberstein SD, et al. Occipital nerve stimulation for the treatment of intractable chronic migraine headache: ONSTIM feasibility study. Cephalalgia. 2011;31:271\u201385.","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"242_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2006.01142.x","volume":"26","author":"TJ Schwedt","year":"2006","unstructured":"Schwedt TJ, Dodick DW, Trentman TL, et al. Occipital nerve stimulation for chronic cluster headache and hemicrania continua: pain relief and persistence of autonomic features. Cephalalgia. 2006;26:1025\u20137.","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"242_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.36076\/ppj.2012\/15\/245","volume":"15","author":"G Serra","year":"2012","unstructured":"Serra G, Marchioretto F. Occipital nerve stimulation for chronic migraine: a randomized trial. Pain Physician. 2012;15:245\u201353.","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"key":"242_CR28","first-page":"271","volume":"25","author":"T Shimpo","year":"1985","unstructured":"Shimpo T. The orbicularis oris reflex and the orbicularis oculi reflex. Rinsho Shinkeigaku. 1985;25:271\u201381.","journal-title":"Rinsho Shinkeigaku"},{"key":"242_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102412462642","volume":"32","author":"SD Silberstein","year":"2012","unstructured":"Silberstein SD, Dodick DW, Saper J, et al. Safety and efficacy of peripheral nerve stimulation of the occipital nerves for the management of chronic migraine: results from a randomized, multicenter, double-blinded, controlled study. Cephalalgia. 2012;32:1165\u201379.","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"242_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(80)90133-9","volume":"48","author":"LD Silverstein","year":"1980","unstructured":"Silverstein LD, Graham FK, Calloway JM. Preconditioning and excitability of the human orbicularis oculi reflex as a function of state. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1980;48:406\u201317.","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"242_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102414534082","volume":"35","author":"PJ Slotty","year":"2015","unstructured":"Slotty PJ, Bara G, Kowatz L, et al. Occipital nerve stimulation for chronic migraine: a randomized trial on subthreshold stimulation. Cephalalgia. 2015;35:73\u20138.","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"242_CR32","first-page":"117","volume":"10","author":"J Vernea","year":"1973","unstructured":"Vernea J, Horvath T. Electromyographic studies of the orbicularis oculi reflex. Proc Aust Assoc Neurol. 1973;10:117\u201322.","journal-title":"Proc Aust Assoc Neurol"},{"key":"242_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyx135","volume":"81","author":"I Walling","year":"2017","unstructured":"Walling I, Smith H, Gee LE, et al. Occipital nerve stimulation attenuates neuronal firing response to mechanical stimuli in the ventral posteromedial thalamus of a rodent model of chronic migraine. Neurosurgery. 2017;81:696\u2013701.","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"242_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1403.1999.00217.x","volume":"2","author":"RL Weiner","year":"1999","unstructured":"Weiner RL, Reed KL. Peripheral neurostimulation for control of intractable occipital neuralgia. Neuromodulation. 1999;2:217\u201321.","journal-title":"Neuromodulation"},{"key":"242_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102413490351","volume":"33","author":"LA Wilbrink","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wilbrink LA, Teernstra OP, Haan J, et al. Occipital nerve stimulation in medically intractable, chronic cluster headache. The ICON study: rationale and protocol of a randomised trial. Cephalalgia. 2013;33:1238\u201347.","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"242_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1177\/2049463719860548","volume":"14","author":"T Wodehouse","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wodehouse T, Bahra A, Mehta V. Changes in peripheral and central sensitization in patients undergoing occipital nerve stimulation. Br J Pain. 2020;14:250\u20135.","journal-title":"Br J Pain"},{"key":"242_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-013-0396-x","volume":"18","author":"WB Young","year":"2014","unstructured":"Young WB. Occipital nerve stimulation for chronic migraine. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2014;18:396.","journal-title":"Curr Pain Headache Rep"}],"container-title":["Pain and Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40122-021-00242-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40122-021-00242-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40122-021-00242-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,18]],"date-time":"2022-12-18T23:55:13Z","timestamp":1671407713000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40122-021-00242-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]}},"alternative-id":["242"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40122-021-00242-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2193-8237","2193-651X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2193-8237"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2193-651X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 January 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 February 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 February 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}