{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T03:44:03Z","timestamp":1781840643677,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765584000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765584000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pain Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40122-025-00804-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T15:27:10Z","timestamp":1765639630000},"page":"341-365","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Association Between Smoking and Opioid Requirement and Pain Intensity in the Early Postoperative Period: A Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7542-3911","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Istvan S.","family":"Szilagyi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7866-9762","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Torsten","family":"Ullrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0539-2704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoph","family":"Klivinyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2648-2485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kordula","family":"Lang-Illievich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6126-3897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Connor T. A.","family":"Brenna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5343-8629","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brigitte","family":"Messerer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1201-3752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helmar","family":"Bornemann-Cimenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"804_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102998","volume":"63","author":"GA Schittek","year":"2021","unstructured":"Schittek GA, Michaeli K, Labmayr V, Reinbacher P, Gebauer D, Smigaj J, et al. Influence of personalised music and ice-tea options on post-operative well-being in the post anaesthesia care unit after general or regional anaesthesia. A pre-post-analysis by means of a questionnaire. Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2021;63:102998.","journal-title":"Intensive Crit Care Nurs"},{"key":"804_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2021.103090","volume":"66","author":"GA Schittek","year":"2021","unstructured":"Schittek GA, Simonis H, Bornemann-Cimenti H. Pain, nausea, vomiting, thirst, cold, \u2026 the challenge of well-being in post-operative patients. Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2021;66:103090. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.iccn.2021.103090.","journal-title":"Intensive Crit Care Nurs"},{"issue":"7","key":"804_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1016\/S0952-8180(01)00320-8","volume":"13","author":"F Jin","year":"2001","unstructured":"Jin F, Chung F. Multimodal analgesia for postoperative pain control. J Clin Anesth. 2001;13(7):524\u201339.","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"issue":"03","key":"804_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1351138","volume":"26","author":"V Garimella","year":"2013","unstructured":"Garimella V, Cellini C. Postoperative pain control. Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 2013;26(03):191\u20136.","journal-title":"Clin Colon Rectal Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"804_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2012.01296.x","volume":"13","author":"Z Yang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yang Z, Yang Z, Arheart KL, Morris R, Zhang Y, Rodriguez Y, et al. CYP2D6 poor metabolizer genotype and smoking predict severe postoperative pain in female patients on arrival to the recovery room. Pain Med. 2012;13(4):604\u20139.","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"key":"804_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102912","volume":"61","author":"GA Schittek","year":"2020","unstructured":"Schittek GA, Schwantzer G, Zoidl P, Orlob S, Holger S, Eichinger M, et al. Adult patients\u2019 wellbeing and disturbances during early recovery in the post anaesthesia care unit. A cross-sectional study. Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2020;61:102912. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102912.","journal-title":"Intensive Crit Care Nurs"},{"issue":"2","key":"804_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000068822.10113.9E","volume":"97","author":"JL Apfelbaum","year":"2003","unstructured":"Apfelbaum JL, Chen C, Mehta SS, Gan TJ. Postoperative pain experience: results from a national survey suggest postoperative pain continues to be undermanaged. Anesth Analg. 2003;97(2):534\u201340.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"3","key":"804_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2044.2002.2366_2.x","volume":"57","author":"GA McHugh","year":"2002","unstructured":"McHugh GA, Thoms GM. The management of pain following day-case surgery. Anaesthesia. 2002;57(3):270\u20135.","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"804_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2020.6.Spine20795","author":"Z Pennington","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pennington Z, Cottrill E, Lubelski D, Ehresman J, Theodore N, Sciubba DM. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the clinical utility of enhanced recovery after surgery pathways in adult spine surgery. J Neurosurg Spine. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2020.6.Spine20795.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"issue":"6","key":"804_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1097\/sla.0000000000004225","volume":"272","author":"HMA Kaafarani","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kaafarani HMA, Han K, El Moheb M, Kongkaewpaisan N, Jia Z, El Hechi MW, et al. Opioids after surgery in the United States versus the rest of the world: the International Patterns of Opioid Prescribing (iPOP) Multicenter Study. Ann Surg. 2020;272(6):879\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/sla.0000000000004225.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"804_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.3344\/kjp.2019.32.2.69","volume":"32","author":"K Lang-Illievich","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lang-Illievich K, Bornemann-Cimenti H. Opioid-induced constipation: a narrative review of therapeutic options in clinical management. Korean J Pain. 2019;32(2):69\u201378.","journal-title":"Korean J Pain"},{"issue":"16","key":"804_CR12","volume":"110","author":"H Bornemann-Cimenti","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bornemann-Cimenti H, Wejbora M, Szilagyi IS, Sandner-Kiesling A. Fentanyl for the treatment of tumor-related breakthrough pain. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2013;110(16):271.","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"804_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-024-01069-0","volume":"38","author":"K Lang-Illievich","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lang-Illievich K, Lang J, Rumpold-Seitlinger G, Dorn C, Brenna CTA, Klivinyi C, et al. The dose-response relationship between opioid agonist therapy and alterations in pain pathways in patients with opioid use disorders: a cross-sectional study. CNS Drugs. 2024;38(4):281\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40263-024-01069-0.","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"issue":"1","key":"804_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/aapm.1810","volume":"1","author":"F Imani","year":"2011","unstructured":"Imani F. Postoperative pain management. Anesthesiol Pain Med. 2011;1(1):6.","journal-title":"Anesthesiol Pain Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"804_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.16148","volume":"78","author":"H Bornemann-Cimenti","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bornemann-Cimenti H, Lang-Illievich K, Kovalevska K, Brenna CTA, Klivinyi C. Effect of nociception level index-guided intra-operative analgesia on early postoperative pain and opioid consumption: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Anaesthesia. 2023;78(12):1493\u2013501. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/anae.16148.","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"issue":"4","key":"804_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3181ebdaf9","volume":"113","author":"Y Shi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shi Y, Weingarten TN, Mantilla CB, Hooten WM, Warner DO. Smoking and pain: pathophysiology and clinical implications. Anesthesiology. 2010;113(4):977\u201392.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"804_CR17","unstructured":"World Health O: Tobacco. 2023. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/tobacco#:~:text=Around%2080%25%20of%20the%20world's,(WHO%20FCTC)%20in%202003. Accessed Oct 22, 2023."},{"key":"804_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2009.12.022","volume":"1313","author":"T Miyazaki","year":"2010","unstructured":"Miyazaki T, Wang X, Inui K, Domino EF, Kakigi R. The effect of smoking on pain-related evoked potentials. Brain Res. 2010;1313:185\u201391.","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"804_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1007\/s40122-022-00462-1","volume":"12","author":"MI Vega Palma","year":"2023","unstructured":"Vega Palma MI, Klivinyi C, Lampl T, Lang-Illievich K, Bornemann-Cimenti H, Szilagyi IS. The effect of smoking cessation on acute pain: a systematic review. Pain Ther. 2023;12(1):67\u201379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40122-022-00462-1.","journal-title":"Pain Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"804_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e31816ba3bb","volume":"107","author":"A Turan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Turan A, White PF, Koyuncu O, Karamanliodlu B, Kaya G, Apfel CC. Transdermal nicotine patch failed to improve postoperative pain management. Anesth Analg. 2008;107(3):1011\u20137.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"2","key":"804_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3182a8fa7b","volume":"119","author":"BM Mishriky","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mishriky BM, Habib AS. Nicotine for postoperative analgesia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Anesth Analg. 2014;119(2):268\u201375.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"1","key":"804_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-4053-4-1","volume":"4","author":"D Moher","year":"2015","unstructured":"Moher D, Shamseer L, Clarke M, Ghersi D, Liberati A, Petticrew M, et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Syst Rev. 2015;4(1):1\u20139.","journal-title":"Syst Rev"},{"issue":"7650","key":"804_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39489.470347.AD","volume":"336","author":"GH Guyatt","year":"2008","unstructured":"Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Vist GE, Kunz R, Falck-Ytter Y, Alonso-Coello P, et al. GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. BMJ. 2008;336(7650):924\u20136.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"804_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119536604","volume-title":"Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions","author":"JPTTJ Higgins","year":"2019","unstructured":"Higgins JPTTJ, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions. 2nd ed. Chichester: Wiley; 2019.","edition":"2"},{"key":"804_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/1541748","author":"C-S Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim C-S, Sim JH, Kim Y, Choi S-S, Kim D-H, Leem J-G. Association between postoperative opioid requirements and the duration of smoking cessation in male smokers after laparoscopic distal gastrectomy with gastroduodenostomy. Pain Res Manag. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2021\/1541748.","journal-title":"Pain Res Manag"},{"key":"804_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000014209","author":"S Zhao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhao S, Chen F, Wang D, Wang H, Han W, Zhang Y. Effect of preoperative smoking cessation on postoperative pain outcomes in elderly patients with high nicotine dependence. Medicine. 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000014209.","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"804_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1D580","volume":"38","author":"FM Creekmore","year":"2004","unstructured":"Creekmore FM, Lugo RA, Weiland KJ. Postoperative opiate analgesia requirements of smokers and nonsmokers. Ann Pharmacother. 2004;38(6):949\u201353.","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"key":"804_CR28","unstructured":"Stork JHOK. Opioid-Umrechnungstabelle\u2014Dauertherapie (Tagesdosis in mg). Klinik und Poliklinik f\u00fcr An\u00e4sthesiologie Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf; 2011."},{"key":"804_CR29","unstructured":"Altman D. Diagnostic tests. Statistics with confidence. 2000. p. 116\u20138."},{"issue":"9","key":"804_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-010-0217-9","volume":"21","author":"TN Weingarten","year":"2011","unstructured":"Weingarten TN, Sprung J, Flores A, Oviedo Baena AM, Schroeder DR, Warner DO. Opioid requirements after laparoscopic bariatric surgery. Obes Surg. 2011;21(9):1407\u201312.","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"804_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.22514\/SV62.102011.10","volume":"6","author":"TN Weingarten","year":"2011","unstructured":"Weingarten TN, Erie EA, Shi Y, Schroeder DR, Abel MD, Warner DO. Influence of tobacco use on postoperative opiate analgesia requirements in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Signa Vitae. 2011;6(2):72\u20137.","journal-title":"Signa Vitae"},{"issue":"5","key":"804_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.36076\/ppj.2008\/11\/643","volume":"11","author":"TN Weingarten","year":"2008","unstructured":"Weingarten TN, Moeschler SM, Ptaszynski AE, Hooten WM, Beebe TJ, Warner DO. An assessment of the association between smoking status, pain intensity, and functional interference in patients with chronic pain. Pain Physician. 2008;11(5):643.","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"issue":"1","key":"804_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87. e7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.05.028","volume":"123","author":"R Shiri","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shiri R, Karppinen J, Leino-Arjas P, Solovieva S, Viikari-Juntura E. The association between smoking and low back pain: a meta-analysis. Am J Med. 2010;123(1):87. e7-e35.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"804_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1080\/003655098444129","volume":"30","author":"H Andersson","year":"1998","unstructured":"Andersson H, Ejlertsson G, Leden I. Widespread musculoskeletal chronic pain associated with smoking. An epidemiological study in a general rural population. Scand J Rehabil Med. 1998;30(3):185\u201391.","journal-title":"Scand J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"804_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-7-1","volume":"7","author":"L Hestbaek","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hestbaek L, Leboeuf-Yde C, Kyvik KO. Are lifestyle-factors in adolescence predictors for adult low back pain? A cross-sectional and prospective study of young twins. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2006;7:1\u20138.","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"804_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2006.05.011","volume":"125","author":"MH Rashid","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rashid MH, Furue H, Yoshimura M, Ueda H. Tonic inhibitory role of alpha4beta2 subtype of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on nociceptive transmission in the spinal cord in mice. Pain. 2006;125(1\u20132):125\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pain.2006.05.011.","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"9","key":"804_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd2927","volume":"8","author":"A Taly","year":"2009","unstructured":"Taly A, Corringer PJ, Guedin D, Lestage P, Changeux JP. Nicotinic receptors: allosteric transitions and therapeutic targets in the nervous system. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2009;8(9):733\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrd2927.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"issue":"2","key":"804_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2006.03751.x","volume":"97","author":"L Galeote","year":"2006","unstructured":"Galeote L, Kieffer BL, Maldonado R, Berrendero F. Mu-opioid receptors are involved in the tolerance to nicotine antinociception. J Neurochem. 2006;97(2):416\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2006.03751.x.","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"issue":"6","key":"804_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1037\/pha0000258","volume":"27","author":"MJ De Vita","year":"2019","unstructured":"De Vita MJ, Maisto SA, Ansell EB, Zale EL, Ditre JW. Pack-years of tobacco cigarette smoking as a predictor of spontaneous pain reporting and experimental pain reactivity. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2019;27(6):552\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/pha0000258.","journal-title":"Exp Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"804_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/s0006-8993(99)01095-1","volume":"822","author":"ME Wewers","year":"1999","unstructured":"Wewers ME, Dhatt RK, Snively TA, Tejwani GA. The effect of chronic administration of nicotine on antinociception, opioid receptor binding and met-enkelphalin levels in rats. Brain Res. 1999;822(1\u20132):107\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0006-8993(99)01095-1.","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"804_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-022-01060-8","volume":"26","author":"CL Robinson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Robinson CL, Kim RS, Li M, Ruan QZ, Surapaneni S, Jones M, et al. The impact of smoking on the development and severity of chronic pain. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2022;26(8):575\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11916-022-01060-8.","journal-title":"Curr Pain Headache Rep"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"804_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2007.02.005","volume":"186","author":"K Brett","year":"2007","unstructured":"Brett K, Parker R, Wittenauer S, Hayashida K, Young T, Vincler M. Impact of chronic nicotine on sciatic nerve injury in the rat. J Neuroimmunol. 2007;186(1\u20132):37\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2007.02.005.","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"804_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013522.pub2","volume":"3","author":"GM Taylor","year":"2021","unstructured":"Taylor GM, Lindson N, Farley A, Leinberger-Jabari A, Sawyer K, Te Water Naud\u00e9 R, et al. Smoking cessation for improving mental health. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021;3(3):Cd013522. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD013522.pub2.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"804_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1007\/s40122-024-00642-1","volume":"13","author":"K Lang-Illievich","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lang-Illievich K, Klivinyi C, Ranftl J, Elhelali A, Hammer S, Szilagyi IS, et al. Change in endogenous pain modulation depending on emotional states in healthy subjects: a randomized controlled trial. Pain Ther. 2024;13(5):1287\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40122-024-00642-1.","journal-title":"Pain Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"804_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-025091","volume":"9","author":"MM Yang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yang MM, Hartley RL, Leung AA, Ronksley PE, Jett\u00e9 N, Casha S, et al. Preoperative predictors of poor acute postoperative pain control: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2019;9(4):e025091.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"804_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beubler E, Kunz R, Sorge J, Beubler E, Kunz R, Sorge J. Schmerztherapie mit Opioiden. Kompendium der medikament\u00f6sen Schmerztherapie: Wirkungen, Nebenwirkungen und Kombinationsm\u00f6glichkeiten. 2003. p. 31\u201369.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-7091-3778-9_5"},{"issue":"4","key":"804_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1097\/00002508-200207001-00002","volume":"18","author":"CE Inturrisi","year":"2002","unstructured":"Inturrisi CE. Clinical pharmacology of opioids for pain. Clin J Pain. 2002;18(4):S3\u201313.","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"804_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntn010","volume":"11","author":"SC Gorber","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gorber SC, Schofield-Hurwitz S, Hardt J, Levasseur G, Tremblay M. The accuracy of self-reported smoking: a systematic review of the relationship between self-reported and cotinine-assessed smoking status. Nicotine Tob Res. 2009;11(1):12\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ntr\/ntn010.","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"804_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-013-1565-0","volume":"27","author":"MS Aydogan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Aydogan MS, Ozturk E, Erdogan MA, Yucel A, Durmus M, Ersoy MO, et al. The effects of secondhand smoke on postoperative pain and fentanyl consumption. J Anesth. 2013;27(4):569\u201374.","journal-title":"J Anesth"},{"key":"804_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/9432493","author":"H-L Chiang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chiang H-L, Chia Y-Y, Lin H-S, Chen C-H. The implications of tobacco smoking on acute postoperative pain: a prospective observational study. Pain Res Manag. 2016. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2016\/9432493.","journal-title":"Pain Res Manag"},{"issue":"10","key":"804_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0000000000000472","volume":"33","author":"DH Kim","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kim DH, Park JY, Karm M-H, Bae H-Y, Lee J-Y, Soo Ahn H, et al. Smoking may increase postoperative opioid consumption in patients who underwent distal gastrectomy with gastroduodenostomy for early stomach cancer. Clin J Pain. 2017;33(10):905\u201311.","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"issue":"6","key":"804_CR52","first-page":"255","volume":"11","author":"AP Marco","year":"2005","unstructured":"Marco AP, Greenwald MK, Higgins MS. A preliminary study of 24-hour post-cesarean patient controlled analgesia: postoperative pain reports and morphine requests\/utilization are greater in abstaining smokers than non-smokers. Med Sci Monit. 2005;11(6):255.","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"804_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5055\/jom.2012.0120","author":"CL Steinmiller","year":"2012","unstructured":"Steinmiller CL, Diederichs C, Roehrs TA, Hyde-Nolan M, Roth T, Greenwald MK. Postsurgical patient-controlled opioid self-administration is greater in hospitalized abstinent smokers than nonsmokers. J Opioid Manag. 2012. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5055\/jom.2012.0120.","journal-title":"J Opioid Manag"},{"issue":"4","key":"804_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1300\/J069v19n04_01","volume":"19","author":"JR Woodside Jr","year":"2000","unstructured":"Woodside JR Jr. Female smokers have increased postoperative narcotic requirements. J Addict Dis. 2000;19(4):1\u201310.","journal-title":"J Addict Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"804_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egja.2014.05.007","volume":"30","author":"OM Zanaty","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zanaty OM. Nicotine smoking: influences on perioperative pain management. Egypt J Anaesth. 2014;30(4):373\u20136.","journal-title":"Egypt J Anaesth"}],"container-title":["Pain and Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40122-025-00804-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40122-025-00804-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40122-025-00804-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T15:24:53Z","timestamp":1768404293000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40122-025-00804-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["804"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40122-025-00804-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["2193-8237","2193-651X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2193-8237","type":"print"},{"value":"2193-651X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 October 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 November 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 December 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Helmar Bornemann-Cimenti is an Editorial Board member of Pain and Therapy. Helmar Bornemann-Cimenti was not involved in the selection of peer reviewers for the manuscript nor any of the subsequent editorial decisions. All other authors (Istvan S. Szilagyi, Torsten Ullrich, Christoph Klivinyi, Kordula Lang-Illievich, Connor T. A. Brenna, Brigitte Messerer) declare no conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}},{"value":"This article is based on previously conducted studies and does not contain any new studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics\/Ethical Approval"}}]}}