{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T08:06:35Z","timestamp":1785571595151,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,18]],"date-time":"2019-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1563408000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,18]],"date-time":"2019-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1563408000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001818","name":"Research to Prevent Blindness","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001818","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmol Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40123-019-0199-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,18]],"date-time":"2019-07-18T12:02:40Z","timestamp":1563451360000},"page":"367-371","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Keratoconus Screening in Elementary School Children"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1024-6250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Majid","family":"Moshirfar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madeline B.","family":"Heiland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David B.","family":"Rosen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasmyne C.","family":"Ronquillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phillip C.","family":"Hoopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"199_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2257","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-017-0699-8","volume":"38","author":"S Mukhtar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mukhtar S, Ambati BK. Pediatric keratoconus: a review of the literature. Int Ophthalmol. 2018;38(5):2257\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10792-017-0699-8.","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"10","key":"199_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000001707","volume":"37","author":"MW Belin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Belin MW, Lim L, Rajpal RK, Hafezi F, Gomes JAP, Cochener B. Corneal cross-linking. Cornea. 2018;37(10):1218\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ICO.0000000000001707.","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"199_CR3","unstructured":"Avedro. Avedro receives CE mark for accelerated corneal cross-linking system. https:\/\/www.healio.com\/ophthalmology\/ophthalmic-business\/news\/online\/%7B7e2fb7c2-f3ee-4347-becf-3a9997750461%7D\/avedro-receives-ce-mark-for-accelerated-corneal-cross-linking-system. Accessed 16 May 2019."},{"issue":"7","key":"199_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000000819","volume":"35","author":"DA Godefrooij","year":"2016","unstructured":"Godefrooij DA, Soeters N, Imhof SM, Wisse RPL. Corneal cross-linking for pediatric keratoconus: long-term results. Cornea. 2016;35(7):954\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ICO.0000000000000819.","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"issue":"5","key":"199_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2018.06.001","volume":"41","author":"O Sarac","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sarac O, Caglayan M, Uysal BS, Uzel AGT, Tanriverdi B, Cagil N. Accelerated versus standard corneal collagen cross-linking in pediatric keratoconus patients: 24\u00a0months follow-up results. Contact Lens Anter Eye. 2018;41(5):442\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clae.2018.06.001.","journal-title":"Contact Lens Anter Eye."},{"issue":"5","key":"199_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-016-0382-5","volume":"37","author":"M Naderan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Naderan M, Rajabi MT, Zarrinbakhsh P, Farjadnia M. Is keratoconus more severe in pediatric population? Int Ophthalmol. 2017;37(5):1169\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10792-016-0382-5.","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"199_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/J.AJO.2012.01.025","volume":"154","author":"S L\u00e9oni-Mespli\u00e9","year":"2012","unstructured":"L\u00e9oni-Mespli\u00e9 S, Mortemousque B, Touboul D, et al. Scalability and severity of keratoconus in children. Am J Ophthalmol. 2012;154(1):56\u201362.e1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.AJO.2012.01.025.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"11","key":"199_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20121011-01","volume":"28","author":"N Chatzis","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chatzis N, Hafezi F. Progression of keratoconus and efficacy of corneal collagen cross-linking in children and adolescents. J Refract Surg. 2012;28(11):753\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/1081597X-20121011-01.","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"key":"199_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sabti S, Tappeiner C, Frueh BE. Corneal cross-linking in a 4-year-old child with keratoconus and down syndrome. 2015;34(9):1157\u201360.","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000000491"},{"key":"199_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"The necessity for ocular assessment in atopic children: bilateral corneal hydrops in an 8 year old (abstract). 2014. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2013-3750.","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-3750"},{"key":"199_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Garcia-Ferrer FJ, Akpek EK, Amescua G, et al. Corneal Ectasia Preferred Practice Pattern\u00ae. Ophthalmology. 2019;126(1):P170\u2013215. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.10.021.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.10.021"},{"key":"199_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2017.09.032","author":"MPH Wallace","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wallace MPH, Morse CL, Melia SCMM, et al. Pediatric Eye Evaluations Preferred Practice Pattern\u00ae: I. Vision screening in the primary care and community setting; II. Compr Ophthalmic Exam. 2018;125(1):P184\u2013227. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2017.09.032.","journal-title":"Compr Ophthalmic Exam."},{"key":"199_CR13","unstructured":"Vision and Eye Health Surveillance System (VEHSS) Explore by Indicator | DDT | CDC. https:\/\/nccd.cdc.gov\/DDT_VEHSS\/LP?DataSourceTypeId=EHR&DataSourceId=IRIS&TopicId=TDX&CategoryId=CDXC16&IndicatorId=QDXDC16&ShowFootnotes=true&View=Map&CompareId=&YearId=YR8&ResponseId=R16_1&AgeId=AGE017&GenderId=GALL&RaceId=ALLRACE&RiskFactorId=RFALL&Risk. Accessed 22 May 2019."},{"issue":"2","key":"199_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjopt.2017.11.003","volume":"32","author":"TA Althomali","year":"2018","unstructured":"Althomali TA, Al-Qurashi IM, Al-Thagafi SM, Mohammed A, Almalki M. Prevalence of keratoconus among patients seeking laser vision correction in Taif area of Saudi Arabia. Saudi J Ophthalmol. 2018;32(2):114\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sjopt.2017.11.003.","journal-title":"Saudi J Ophthalmol."},{"issue":"3","key":"199_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/S1367-0484(03)00022-5","volume":"26","author":"M Cristina Kenney","year":"2003","unstructured":"Cristina Kenney M, Brown DJ. The cascade hypothesis of keratoconus. Contact Lens Anter Eye. 2003;26(3):139\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1367-0484(03)00022-5.","journal-title":"Contact Lens Anter Eye."},{"issue":"11","key":"199_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1136\/BJO.2005.074955","volume":"89","author":"AA Assiri","year":"2005","unstructured":"Assiri AA, Yousuf BI, Quantock AJ, Murphy PJ. Incidence and severity of keratoconus in Asir province, Saudi Arabia. Br J Ophthalmol. 2005;89(11):1403\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/BJO.2005.074955.","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"7","key":"199_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e39313","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0039313","volume":"7","author":"L Xu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Xu L, Wang YX, Guo Y, You QS, Jonas JB, Beijing Eye Study Group. Prevalence and associations of steep cornea\/keratoconus in Greater Beijing. The Beijing Eye Study. PLoS One. 2012;7(7):e39313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0039313.","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"issue":"5","key":"199_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1016\/J.AJO.2009.06.024","volume":"148","author":"JB Jonas","year":"2009","unstructured":"Jonas JB, Nangia V, Matin A, Kulkarni M, Bhojwani K. Prevalence and associations of keratoconus in Rural Maharashtra in Central India: the Central India Eye and Medical Study. Am J Ophthalmol. 2009;148(5):760\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.AJO.2009.06.024.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"199_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2017-311391","volume":"102","author":"T Netto","year":"2018","unstructured":"Netto T. Prevalence of keratoconus in paediatric patients in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Br J Ophthalmol. 2018;102:1436\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2017-311391.","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol."},{"issue":"4","key":"199_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2000.154","volume":"14","author":"AR Pearson","year":"2000","unstructured":"Pearson AR, Soneji B, Sarvananthan N, Sandford-Smith JH. Does ethnic origin influence the incidence or severity of keratoconus? Eye. 2000;14(4):625\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/eye.2000.154.","journal-title":"Eye."},{"issue":"3","key":"199_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1177\/1942602X15581054","volume":"30","author":"PK Nottingham Chaplin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nottingham Chaplin PK, Baldonado K, Hutchinson A, Moore B. Vision and eye health. NASN Sch Nurse. 2015;30(3):154\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1942602X15581054.","journal-title":"NASN Sch Nurse."},{"key":"199_CR22","unstructured":"Riley M, Locke AB, Skye EP. Health maintenance in school-aged children: part I. History, physical examination, screening, and immunizations. Am Fam Physician. 2011;83(6):683\u201388."},{"key":"199_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2017.06.031","volume":"181","author":"R Shetty","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shetty R, Rao H, Khamar P, et al. Keratoconus screening indices and their diagnostic ability to distinguish normal from ectatic corneas. Am J Ophthalmol. 2017;181:140\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajo.2017.06.031.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"199_CR24","unstructured":"Light for Sight. Light for Sight Foundation conducts free screenings for keratoconus. https:\/\/lightforsight.org\/screening-at-the-expat-expo-2017-dietikon\/. Accessed 15 May 2019."},{"key":"199_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abelson MB, Granet D. Ocular allergy in pediatric practice. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2006;6(4):306\u201311. https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007%2Fs11882-006-0064-x.pdf.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-006-0064-x"},{"issue":"5","key":"199_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1006\/exer.1999.0719","volume":"69","author":"W-J Kim","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kim W-J, Rabinowitz YS, Meisler DM, Wilson SE. Keratocyte apoptosis associated with keratoconus. Exp Eye Res. 1999;69(5):475\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/exer.1999.0719.","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res."},{"key":"199_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308348","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/308348","volume":"2015","author":"EA Slim","year":"2015","unstructured":"Slim EA, Jarade EF, Charanek BM, et al. Acute corneal hydrops mimicking infectious keratitis as initial presentation of keratoconus in a 10-year-old child. Case Rep Ophthalmol Med. 2015;2015:308348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2015\/308348.","journal-title":"Case Rep Ophthalmol Med."},{"key":"199_CR28","unstructured":"Prevent Blindness. Children\u2019s eye health and safety. https:\/\/www.preventblindness.org\/childrens-eye-health-safety. Accessed 23 May 2019."},{"key":"199_CR29","unstructured":"National Keratoconus Foundation. https:\/\/www.nkcf.org\/. Accessed 23 May 2019."},{"key":"199_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1117\/12.2293765","volume-title":"Medical imaging 2018: computer-aided diagnosis","author":"B Askarian","year":"2018","unstructured":"Askarian B, Chong JW, Tabei F, Askarian A. An affordable and easy-to-use diagnostic method for keratoconus detection using a smartphone. In: Mori K, Petrick N, editors. Medical imaging 2018: computer-aided diagnosis, vol. 10575. Bellingham: SPIE; 2018. p. 37. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1117\/12.2293765."},{"key":"199_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/8162567","volume":"2019","author":"A Lavric","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lavric A, Valentin P. KeratoDetect: keratoconus detection algorithm using convolutional neural networks. Comput Intell Neurosci. 2019;2019:1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2019\/8162567.","journal-title":"Comput Intell Neurosci."}],"container-title":["Ophthalmology and Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40123-019-0199-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40123-019-0199-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40123-019-0199-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]],"date-time":"2024-04-16T16:03:42Z","timestamp":1713283422000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40123-019-0199-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,18]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]]}},"alternative-id":["199"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40123-019-0199-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["2193-8245","2193-6528"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2193-8245","type":"print"},{"value":"2193-6528","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 May 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 July 2019","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}