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No grants, fellowships, or gifts of materials were received.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable; the manuscript contains no identifiable individual-level information.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflicts of interest related to this work. Neither author has received consulting fees, honoraria, stock ownership, or any other financial relationship with pharmaceutical companies or entities related to diabetes medications or glucose-lowering agents. Ethical Statement: This systematic review and meta-analysis used data from previously published studies. Therefore, no new human or animal studies were performed by the authors, and ethical approval was not required. All included trials had obtained prior ethics committee approval and informed consent from participants as reported in their original publications","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"AI-assisted tools were used during revision to support language editing, reference checking, document formatting, and preparation of draft tables and figures. All final eligibility decisions, evidence judgements, interpretations, and approval of the submitted version remain the authors\u2019 responsibility.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","label":"Use of AI-assisted editorial tools","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"283"}}