{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T01:01:34Z","timestamp":1771549294150,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":117,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]],"date-time":"2021-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615507200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]],"date-time":"2021-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615507200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"name":"Special Research Fund of Hasselt University","award":["BOF19PD04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BOF19PD04"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Cardiovasc Drugs"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40256-020-00463-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]],"date-time":"2021-03-12T03:02:31Z","timestamp":1615518151000},"page":"595-608","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Inpatient Diuretic Management of Acute Heart Failure: A Practical Review"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Saif","family":"Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sharon","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuktika","family":"Nandkeolyar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liset","family":"Stoletniy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Sakr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frederik H.","family":"Verbrugge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Hilliard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0571-3109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dmitry","family":"Abramov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"16","key":"463_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.05.019","volume":"62","author":"CW Yancy","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yancy CW, Jessup M, Bozkurt B, et al. 2013 ACCF\/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation\/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;62(16):e147\u2013239. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.05.019.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"463_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1159\/000164149","volume":"113","author":"WF Peacock","year":"2009","unstructured":"Peacock WF, Costanzo MR, De Marco T, et al. Impact of intravenous loop diuretics on outcomes of patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure: insights from the ADHERE registry. Cardiology. 2009;113(1):12\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000164149.","journal-title":"Cardiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"463_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.15420\/ecr.2015.10.01.42","volume":"10","author":"G Casu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Casu G, Merella P. Diuretic therapy in heart failure\u2014current approaches. Eur Cardiol. 2015;10(1):42\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15420\/ecr.2015.10.01.42.","journal-title":"Eur Cardiol."},{"issue":"Pt 5","key":"463_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1258\/acb.2011.011281","volume":"49","author":"D Wile","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wile D. Diuretics: a review. Ann Clin Biochem. 2012;49(Pt 5):419\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1258\/acb.2011.011281.","journal-title":"Ann Clin Biochem"},{"key":"463_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Francis GS, Siegel RM, Goldsmith SR, Olivari MT, Levine TB, Cohn JN. Acute vasoconstrictor response to intravenous furosemide in patients with chronic congestive heart failure. Activation of the neurohumoral axis.\u00a0Ann Intern Med. 1985;103(1):1\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/0003-4819-103-1-1.","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-103-1-1"},{"key":"463_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1159\/000329229","volume":"174","author":"P Singh","year":"2011","unstructured":"Singh P, Okusa MD. The role of tubuloglomerular feedback in the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury. Contrib Nephrol. 2011;174:12\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000329229.","journal-title":"Contrib Nephrol"},{"issue":"2","key":"463_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1097\/MAJ.0b013e31828a2962","volume":"347","author":"KK Sambandam","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sambandam KK. Effective use of loop diuretics in heart failure exacerbation: a nephrologist\u2019s view. Am J Med Sci. 2014;347(2):139\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MAJ.0b013e31828a2962.","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"key":"463_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ellison DH. Clinical Pharmacology in Diuretic Use [published correction appears in Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2019 Nov;14(11):1653-1654].\u00a0Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2019;14(8):1248\u20131257. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2215\/cjn.09630818.","DOI":"10.2215\/cjn.09630818"},{"issue":"4","key":"463_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-198713040-00003","volume":"13","author":"B Beermann","year":"1987","unstructured":"Beermann B, Grind M. Clinical pharmacokinetics of some newer diuretics. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1987;13(4):254\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2165\/00003088-198713040-00003.","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"issue":"1","key":"463_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2016.05.004","volume":"52","author":"L Carone","year":"2016","unstructured":"Carone L, Oxberry SG, Twycross R, Charlesworth S, Mihalyo M, Wilcock A. Furosemide. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2016;52(1):144\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2016.05.004.","journal-title":"J Pain Symptom Manage"},{"key":"463_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hammarlund MM, Paalzow LK, Odlind B. Pharmacokinetics of furosemide in man after intravenous and oral administration. Application of moment analysis.\u00a0Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1984;26(2):197\u2013207. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf00630286.","DOI":"10.1007\/bf00630286"},{"issue":"6","key":"463_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199808063390607","volume":"339","author":"DC Brater","year":"1998","unstructured":"Brater DC. Diuretic therapy. N Engl J Med. 1998;339(6):387\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJM199808063390607.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"463_CR13","unstructured":"Sunkara B, Dorsch M, Nicklar J, Nicklas J M. Voluminous responses to loop diuretics are safe in patients with acute decompensated heart failure and chronic kidney disease. Circulation. In: Proceedings from AHA Scientific Sessions 2018. 2018. Abstract 16500."},{"issue":"12","key":"463_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1310\/hpj4312-982","volume":"43","author":"KA Baldwin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Baldwin KA, Budzinski CE, Shapiro CJ. Acute sensorineural hearing loss: furosemide ototoxicity revisited. Hosp Pharm. 2008;43(12):982\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1310\/hpj4312-982.","journal-title":"Hosp Pharm."},{"key":"463_CR15","unstructured":"Bumetanide. AHFS Drug Information 2010. AHFS Clinical Drug Information. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. Updated January 2009."},{"issue":"11","key":"463_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1836","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1M177","volume":"43","author":"KA Wargo","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wargo KA, Banta WM. A comprehensive review of the loop diuretics: should furosemide be first line? Ann Pharmacother. 2009;43(11):1836\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1345\/aph.1M177.","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"issue":"5","key":"463_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.2217\/fca.12.54","volume":"8","author":"JJ DiNicolantonio","year":"2012","unstructured":"DiNicolantonio JJ. Should torsemide be the loop diuretic of choice in systolic heart failure? Future Cardiol. 2012;8(5):707\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2217\/fca.12.54.","journal-title":"Future Cardiol."},{"issue":"7","key":"463_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/s0002-9343(01)00903-2","volume":"111","author":"MD Murray","year":"2001","unstructured":"Murray MD, Deer MM, Ferguson JA, et al. Open-label randomized trial of torsemide compared with furosemide therapy for patients with heart failure. Am J Med. 2001;111(7):513\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0002-9343(01)00903-2.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"463_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cos\u00edn J, D\u00edez J; TORIC investigators. Torsemide in chronic heart failure: results of the TORIC study [published correction appears in Eur J Heart Fail 2002 Oct;4(5):667].\u00a0Eur J Heart Fail. 2002;4(4):507\u2013513. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1388-9842(02)00122-8.","DOI":"10.1016\/s1388-9842(02)00122-8"},{"issue":"2","key":"463_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.113.000895","volume":"7","author":"JM Testani","year":"2014","unstructured":"Testani JM, Brisco MA, Turner JM, et al. Loop diuretic efficiency: a metric of diuretic responsiveness with prognostic importance in acute decompensated heart failure. Circ Heart Fail. 2014;7(2):261\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.113.000895.","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail."},{"issue":"3","key":"463_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-102-3-314","volume":"102","author":"MR Vasko","year":"1985","unstructured":"Vasko MR, Cartwright DB, Knochel JP, Nixon JV, Brater DC. Furosemide absorption altered in decompensated congestive heart failure. Ann Intern Med. 1985;102(3):314\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/0003-4819-102-3-314.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"463_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(63)90029-8","volume":"11","author":"D Berkowtiz","year":"1963","unstructured":"Berkowtiz D, Croll MN, Likoff W. Malabsorption as a complication of congestive heart failure. Am J Cardiol. 1963;11:43\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0002-9149(63)90029-8.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"463_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1005419","volume":"364","author":"GM Felker","year":"2011","unstructured":"Felker GM, Lee KL, Bull DA, et al. Diuretic strategies in patients with acute decompensated heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2011;364(9):797\u2013805. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1005419.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"463_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1369","volume":"21","author":"W Mullens","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mullens W, Damman K, Harjola VP, et al. The use of diuretics in heart failure with congestion\u2014a position statement from the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur J Heart Fail. 2019;21(2):137\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejhf.1369.","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"issue":"6","key":"463_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1007\/s11897-019-00444-z","volume":"16","author":"FH Verbrugge","year":"2019","unstructured":"Verbrugge FH. Utility of urine biomarkers and electrolytes for the management of heart failure. Curr Heart Fail Rep. 2019;16(6):240\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11897-019-00444-z.","journal-title":"Curr Heart Fail Rep."},{"key":"463_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Palazzuoli A, Pellegrini M, Ruocco G, et al. Continuous versus bolus intermittent loop diuretic infusion in acutely decompensated heart failure: a prospective randomized trial.\u00a0Crit Care. 2014;18(3):R134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/cc13952.","DOI":"10.1186\/cc13952"},{"issue":"5","key":"463_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2303","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2018.01.004","volume":"32","author":"KT Ng","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ng KT, Velayit A, Khoo DKY, Mohd Ismail A, Mansor M. Continuous infusion versus intermittent bolus injection of furosemide in critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2018;32(5):2303\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.jvca.2018.01.004.","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"issue":"2","key":"463_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2014.10.005","volume":"3","author":"FH Verbrugge","year":"2015","unstructured":"Verbrugge FH, Tang WH, Mullens W. Renin-Angiotensin-aldosterone system activation during decongestion in acute heart failure: friend or foe? JACC Heart Fail. 2015;3(2):108\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jchf.2014.10.005.","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail."},{"issue":"2","key":"463_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2014.09.003","volume":"3","author":"RJ Mentz","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mentz RJ, Stevens SR, DeVore AD, et al. Decongestion strategies and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activation in acute heart failure. JACC Heart Fail. 2015;3(2):97\u2013107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jchf.2014.09.003.","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail."},{"key":"463_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Frea S, Pidello S, Volpe A, et al. Diuretic treatment in high-risk acute decompensation of advanced chronic heart failure-bolus intermittent vs. continuous infusion of furosemide: a randomized controlled trial.\u00a0Clin Res Cardiol. 2020;109(4):417\u2013425. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00392-019-01521-y.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-019-01521-y"},{"issue":"21","key":"463_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2066","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1103708","volume":"364","author":"PG Jenkins","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jenkins PG. Diuretic strategies in patients with acute heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2011;364(21):2066\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMc1103708.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"463_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.2174\/1570161114666160822155440","volume":"15","author":"C Abi Khalil","year":"2017","unstructured":"Abi Khalil C, Al Suwaidi J, Singh R, et al. Beta-blockers are associated with decreased in-hospital mortality and stroke in acute decompensated heart failure: findings from a retrospective analysis of a 22-year registry in the middle east (1991\u20132013). Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2017;15(1):77\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1570161114666160822155440.","journal-title":"Curr Vasc Pharmacol"},{"key":"463_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jondeau G, Neuder Y, Eicher JC, et al. B-CONVINCED: Beta-blocker CONtinuation Vs. INterruption in patients with Congestive heart failure hospitalizED for a decompensation episode.\u00a0Eur Heart J. 2009;30(18):2186-2192. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehp323.","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehp323"},{"issue":"10","key":"463_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.23260","volume":"42","author":"D Darden","year":"2019","unstructured":"Darden D, Drazner MH, Mullens W, Dupont M, Tang WHW, Grodin JL. Implications of renin-angiotensin-system blocker discontinuation in acute decompensated heart failure with systolic dysfunction. Clin Cardiol. 2019;42(10):1010\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/clc.23260.","journal-title":"Clin Cardiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"463_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2019.07.010","volume":"7","author":"JC Beusekamp","year":"2019","unstructured":"Beusekamp JC, Tromp J, Cleland JGF, et al. Hyperkalemia and treatment with RAAS\u00a0inhibitors during acute heart\u00a0failure hospitalizations and their\u00a0association with mortality. JACC Heart Fail. 2019;7(11):970\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jchf.2019.07.010.","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail."},{"issue":"3","key":"463_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.03.048","volume":"52","author":"GC Fonarow","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fonarow GC, Abraham WT, Albert NM, et al. Influence of beta-blocker continuation or withdrawal on outcomes in patients hospitalized with heart failure: findings from the OPTIMIZE-HF program. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008;52(3):190\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.03.048.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"463_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2006.03.030","volume":"47","author":"J Butler","year":"2006","unstructured":"Butler J, Young JB, Abraham WT, et al. Beta-blocker use and outcomes among hospitalized heart failure patients. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;47(12):2462\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2006.03.030.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"463_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2014.12.020","volume":"128","author":"JM Testani","year":"2015","unstructured":"Testani JM, Brisco MA, Kociol RD, et al. Substantial discrepancy between fluid and weight loss during acute decompensated heart failure treatment. Am J Med. 2015;128(7):776\u2013783.e4. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjmed.2014.12.020.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"463_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Vazir A, Cowie MR. Decongestion: diuretics and other therapies for hospitalized heart failure.\u00a0Indian Heart J. 2016;68 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S61\u2013S68. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ihj.2015.10.386.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ihj.2015.10.386"},{"issue":"1","key":"463_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e002370","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.115.002370","volume":"9","author":"JM Testani","year":"2016","unstructured":"Testani JM, Hanberg JS, Cheng S, et al. Rapid and highly accurate prediction of poor loop diuretic natriuretic response in patients with heart failure. Circ Heart Fail. 2016;9(1):e002370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.115.002370.","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail."},{"key":"463_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2018.01.013","volume":"203","author":"A Luk","year":"2018","unstructured":"Luk A, Groarke JD, Desai AS, et al. First spot urine sodium after initial diuretic identifies patients at high risk for adverse outcome after heart failure hospitalization. Am Heart J. 2018;203:95\u2013100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ahj.2018.01.013.","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"5","key":"463_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2019.01.007","volume":"7","author":"DZ Hodson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hodson DZ, Griffin M, Mahoney D, et al. Natriuretic response is highly variable and associated with 6-month survival: insights\u00a0from\u00a0the ROSE-AHF trial. JACC Heart Fail. 2019;7(5):383\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jchf.2019.01.007.","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail."},{"issue":"6","key":"463_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.03.006","volume":"20","author":"D Singh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Singh D, Shrestha K, Testani JM, et al. Insufficient natriuretic response to continuous intravenous furosemide is associated with poor long-term outcomes in acute decompensated heart failure. J Card Fail. 2014;20(6):392\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.03.006.","journal-title":"J Card Fail."},{"issue":"3","key":"463_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1080\/ac.70.3.3080630","volume":"70","author":"FH Verbrugge","year":"2015","unstructured":"Verbrugge FH, Dupont M, Bertrand PB, et al. Determinants and impact of the natriuretic response to diuretic therapy in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and volume overload. Acta Cardiol. 2015;70(3):265\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/ac.70.3.3080630.","journal-title":"Acta Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"463_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1177\/1074248413497257","volume":"19","author":"GC Roush","year":"2014","unstructured":"Roush GC, Kaur R, Ernst ME. Diuretics: a review and update. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther. 2014;19(1):5\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1074248413497257.","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther."},{"key":"463_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Li X, Wang R, Liu Y, et al. Pharmacokinetic study of single- and multiple-dosing with metolazone tablets in healthy Chinese population.\u00a0BMC Pharmacol Toxicol. 2017;18(1):73. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40360-017-0178-x.","DOI":"10.1186\/s40360-017-0178-x"},{"issue":"6","key":"463_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1983.tb02259.x","volume":"16","author":"D Colussi","year":"1983","unstructured":"Colussi D, Schoeller JP, Richard A, Sioufi A. Pharmacokinetics of chlorthalidone in the elderly after single and multiple doses. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1983;16(6):755\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1983.tb02259.x.","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"19","key":"463_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.06.034","volume":"56","author":"JC Jentzer","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jentzer JC, DeWald TA, Hernandez AF. Combination of loop diuretics with thiazide-type diuretics in heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;56(19):1527\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.06.034.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"463_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1527-5299.2003.01907.x","volume":"9","author":"DA Sica","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sica DA. Metolazone and its role in edema management. Congest Heart Fail. 2003;9(2):100\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1527-5299.2003.01907.x.","journal-title":"Congest Heart Fail."},{"issue":"18","key":"463_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e009149","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.118.009149","volume":"7","author":"MA Brisco-Bacik","year":"2018","unstructured":"Brisco-Bacik MA, Ter Maaten JM, Houser SR, et al. Outcomes associated with a strategy of adjuvant metolazone or high-dose loop diuretics in acute decompensated heart failure: a propensity analysis. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018;7(18):e009149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/JAHA.118.009149.","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc."},{"issue":"2","key":"463_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1080\/00015385.2018.1455947","volume":"74","author":"FH Verbrugge","year":"2019","unstructured":"Verbrugge FH, Martens P, Ameloot K, et al. Spironolactone to increase natriuresis in congestive heart failure with cardiorenal syndrome. Acta Cardiol. 2019;74(2):100\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00015385.2018.1455947.","journal-title":"Acta Cardiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"463_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2017.2198","volume":"2","author":"J Butler","year":"2017","unstructured":"Butler J, Anstrom KJ, Felker GM, et al. Efficacy and safety of spironolactone in acute heart failure: the ATHENA-HF randomized clinical trial. JAMA Cardiol. 2017;2(9):950\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamacardio.2017.2198.","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"463_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0000000000000529","volume":"36","author":"AJ Hampson","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hampson AJ, Babalonis S, Lofwall MR, Nuzzo PA, Krieter P, Walsh SL. A pharmacokinetic study examining acetazolamide as a novel adherence marker for clinical trials. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2016;36(4):324\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/JCP.0000000000000529.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"12","key":"463_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1007\/s40261-017-0577-1","volume":"37","author":"T Imiela","year":"2017","unstructured":"Imiela T, Budaj A. Acetazolamide as add-on diuretic therapy in exacerbations of chronic heart failure: a pilot study. Clin Drug Investig. 2017;37(12):1175\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40261-017-0577-1.","journal-title":"Clin Drug Investig."},{"issue":"11","key":"463_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1478","volume":"21","author":"FH Verbrugge","year":"2019","unstructured":"Verbrugge FH, Martens P, Ameloot K, et al. Acetazolamide to increase natriuresis in congestive heart failure at high risk for diuretic resistance. Eur J Heart Fail. 2019;21(11):1415\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejhf.1478.","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"463_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wongboonsin J, Thongprayoon C, Bathini T, et al. Acetazolamide therapy in patients with heart failure: a meta-analysis.\u00a0J Clin Med. 2019;8(3):349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm8030349.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8030349"},{"key":"463_CR57","unstructured":"Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors General Statement. AHFS Drug Information 2010. AHFS Clinical Drug Information. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. Updated January 2009."},{"issue":"11","key":"463_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1307","volume":"20","author":"W Mullens","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mullens W, Verbrugge FH, Nijst P, et al. Rationale and design of the ADVOR (Acetazolamide in Decompensated Heart Failure with Volume Overload) trial. Eur J Heart Fail. 2018;20(11):1591\u2013600. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejhf.1307.","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"issue":"11","key":"463_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.09.004","volume":"69","author":"GM Felker","year":"2017","unstructured":"Felker GM, Mentz RJ, Cole RT, et al. Efficacy and safety of tolvaptan in patients hospitalized with acute\u00a0heart\u00a0failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;69(11):1399\u2013406. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.09.004.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"463_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2019.09.012","volume":"8","author":"ZL Cox","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cox ZL, Hung R, Lenihan DJ, Testani JM. Diuretic strategies for loop diuretic resistance in acute heart\u00a0failure: the 3T trial. JACC Heart Fail. 2020;8(3):157\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jchf.2019.09.012.","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail."},{"issue":"12","key":"463_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.297.12.1319","volume":"297","author":"MA Konstam","year":"2007","unstructured":"Konstam MA, Gheorghiade M, Burnett JC Jr, et al. Effects of oral tolvaptan in patients hospitalized for worsening heart failure: the EVEREST Outcome Trial. JAMA. 2007;297(12):1319\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.297.12.1319.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"463_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ansary TM, Nakano D, Nishiyama A. Diuretic effects of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and their influence on the renin-angiotensin system.\u00a0Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(3):629. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms20030629.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20030629"},{"issue":"11","key":"463_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12322","volume":"16","author":"S Sha","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sha S, Polidori D, Heise T, et al. Effect of the sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor canagliflozin on plasma volume in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2014;16(11):1087\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dom.12322.","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"issue":"9","key":"463_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1111\/nep.13552","volume":"24","author":"K Ohara","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ohara K, Masuda T, Murakami T, et al. Effects of the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor dapagliflozin on fluid distribution: a comparison study with furosemide and tolvaptan. Nephrology (Carlton). 2019;24(9):904\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/nep.13552.","journal-title":"Nephrology (Carlton)."},{"key":"463_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wilcox CS, Shen W, Boulton DW, Leslie BR, Griffen SC. Interaction between the sodium-glucose-linked transporter 2 inhibitor dapagliflozin and the loop diuretic bumetanide in normal human subjects.\u00a0J Am Heart Assoc. 2018;7(4):e007046. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/jaha.117.007046.","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.117.007046"},{"key":"463_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Griffin M, Rao VS, Ivey-Miranda J, et al. Empagliflozin in Heart Failure: Diuretic and Cardio-Renal Effects [published online ahead of print, 2020 May 15].\u00a0Circulation. 2020;https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/circulationaha.120.045691.","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.120.045691"},{"issue":"4","key":"463_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1713","volume":"22","author":"K Damman","year":"2020","unstructured":"Damman K, Beusekamp JC, Boorsma EM, et al. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre pilot study on the effects of empagliflozin on clinical outcomes in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (EMPA-RESPONSE-AHF). Eur J Heart Fail. 2020;22(4):713\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejhf.1713.","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"463_CR68","unstructured":"Lindenfield J, Cox Z, Collins S. (2020). [Clinical trial investigating the Efficacy and Safety of Dapagliflozin in Acute Heart Failure- DICTATE-AHF]. NCT04298229."},{"key":"463_CR69","unstructured":"Lehrke M, Marx N. (2019). [Clinical trial EMPA Acute Heart Failure]. NCT03554200."},{"issue":"2","key":"463_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.737106","volume":"117","author":"U Elkayam","year":"2008","unstructured":"Elkayam U, Ng TM, Hatamizadeh P, Janmohamed M, Mehra A. Renal vasodilatory action of dopamine in patients with heart failure: magnitude of effect and site of action. Circulation. 2008;117(2):200\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.737106.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"12","key":"463_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2010.07.246","volume":"16","author":"G Giamouzis","year":"2010","unstructured":"Giamouzis G, Butler J, Starling RC, et al. Impact of dopamine infusion on renal function in hospitalized heart failure patients: results of the Dopamine in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (DAD-HF) Trial. J Card Fail. 2010;16(12):922\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cardfail.2010.07.246.","journal-title":"J Card Fail."},{"issue":"1","key":"463_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2013.12.276","volume":"172","author":"FK Triposkiadis","year":"2014","unstructured":"Triposkiadis FK, Butler J, Karayannis G, et al. Efficacy and safety of high dose versus low dose furosemide with or without dopamine infusion: the Dopamine in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure II (DAD-HF II) trial. Int J Cardiol. 2014;172(1):115\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijcard.2013.12.276.","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"issue":"23","key":"463_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2533","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.282190","volume":"310","author":"HH Chen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chen HH, Anstrom KJ, Givertz MM, et al. Low-dose dopamine or low-dose nesiritide in acute heart failure with renal dysfunction: the ROSE acute heart failure randomized trial. JAMA. 2013;310(23):2533\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2013.282190.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"463_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wan SH, Stevens SR, Borlaug BA, et al. Differential response to low-dose dopamine or low-dose nesiritide in acute heart failure with reduced or preserved ejection fraction: results from the ROSE AHF trial (renal optimization strategies evaluation in acute heart failure).\u00a0Circ Heart Fail. 2016;9(8):e002593. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/circheartfailure.115.002593.","DOI":"10.1161\/circheartfailure.115.002593"},{"issue":"2","key":"463_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(88)90426-3","volume":"12","author":"SI Rajfer","year":"1988","unstructured":"Rajfer SI, Borow KM, Lang RM, Neumann A, Carroll JD. Effects of dopamine on left ventricular afterload and contractile state in heart failure: relation to the activation of beta 1-adrenoceptors and dopamine receptors. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1988;12(2):498\u2013506. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0735-1097(88)90426-3.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"463_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1067\/mhj.2003.166","volume":"145","author":"G Licata","year":"2003","unstructured":"Licata G, Di Pasquale P, Parrinello G, et al. Effects of high-dose furosemide and small-volume hypertonic saline solution infusion in comparison with a high dose of furosemide as bolus in refractory congestive heart failure: long-term effects. Am Heart J. 2003;145(3):459\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1067\/mhj.2003.166.","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"12","key":"463_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1997","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.01.059","volume":"45","author":"S Paterna","year":"2005","unstructured":"Paterna S, Di Pasquale P, Parrinello G, et al. Changes in brain natriuretic peptide levels and bioelectrical impedance measurements after treatment with high-dose furosemide and hypertonic saline solution versus high-dose furosemide alone in refractory congestive heart failure: a double-blind study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005;45(12):1997\u20132003. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.01.059.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"463_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1097\/MAJ.0b013e31820f10ad","volume":"342","author":"S Paterna","year":"2011","unstructured":"Paterna S, Fasullo S, Parrinello G, et al. Short-term effects of hypertonic saline solution in acute heart failure and long-term effects of a moderate sodium restriction in patients with compensated heart failure with New York Heart Association class III (Class C) (SMAC-HF Study). Am J Med Sci. 2011;342(1):27\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MAJ.0b013e31820f10ad.","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"463_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2013.10.004","volume":"29","author":"GD Kitsios","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kitsios GD, Mascari P, Ettunsi R, Gray AW. Co-administration of furosemide with albumin for overcoming diuretic resistance in patients with hypoalbuminemia: a meta-analysis. J Crit Care. 2014;29(2):253\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrc.2013.10.004.","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"key":"463_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2018.07.020","volume":"48","author":"SJW Oczkowski","year":"2018","unstructured":"Oczkowski SJW, Klotz L, Mazzetti I, et al. Furosemide and Albumin for Diuresis of Edema (FADE): a parallel-group, blinded, pilot randomized controlled trial. J Crit Care. 2018;48:462\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrc.2018.07.020.","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"463_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1007\/s40199-020-00339-8","volume":"28","author":"A Mahmoodpoor","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mahmoodpoor A, Zahedi S, Pourakbar A, et al. Efficacy of furosemide-albumin compared with furosemide in critically ill hypoalbuminemia patients admitted to intensive care unit: a prospective randomized clinical trial. Daru. 2020;28(1):263\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40199-020-00339-8.","journal-title":"Daru."},{"issue":"1","key":"463_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.111.184796","volume":"339","author":"C Liu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Liu C, Chen Y, Kang Y, Ni Z, Xiu H, Guan J, Liu K. Glucocorticoids improve renal responsiveness to atrial natriuretic peptide by up-regulating natriuretic peptide receptor-A expression in the renal inner medullary collecting duct in decompensated heart failure. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2011;339(1):203\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1124\/jpet.111.184796Epub 2011 Jul 7 PMID: 21737535.","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"issue":"9","key":"463_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.06.353","volume":"20","author":"C Liu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Liu C, Liu K. Effects of glucocorticoids in potentiating diuresis in heart failure patients with diuretic resistance. J Card Fail. 2014;20(9):625\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.06.353Epub 2014 Jun 23 PMID: 24969700.","journal-title":"J Card Fail."},{"key":"463_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bart BA, Goldsmith SR, Lee KL, Givertz MM, O\u2019Connor CM, Bull DA, Redfield MM, Deswal A, Rouleau JL, LeWinter MM, Ofili EO, Stevenson LW, Semigran MJ, Felker GM, Chen HH, Hernandez AF, Anstrom KJ, McNulty SE, Velazquez EJ, Ibarra JC, Mascette AM, Braunwald E; Heart Failure Clinical Research Network. Ultrafiltration in decompensated heart failure with cardiorenal syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(24):2296\u2013304. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/nejmoa1210357(Epub 2012 Nov 6).","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmoa1210357"},{"issue":"2","key":"463_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1080\/00015385.2017.1291195","volume":"72","author":"M Kabach","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kabach M, Alkhawam H, Shah S, Joseph G, Donath EM, Moss N, Rosenstein RS, Chait R. Ultrafiltration versus intravenous loop diuretics in patients with acute decompensated heart failure: a meta-analysis of clinical trials. Acta Cardiol. 2017;72(2):132\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00015385.2017.1291195(Epub 2017 Feb 28).","journal-title":"Acta Cardiol"},{"key":"463_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ponikowski P, Voors AA, Anker SD, et al. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: The Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)Developed with the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC [published correction appears in Eur Heart J. 2016 Dec 30;:].\u00a0Eur Heart J. 2016;37(27):2129\u20132200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw128.","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw128"},{"issue":"1","key":"463_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1214243","volume":"371","author":"LS Chawla","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chawla LS, Eggers PW, Star RA, Kimmel PL. Acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease as interconnected syndromes. N Engl J Med. 2014;371(1):58\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMra1214243.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"463_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht386","volume":"35","author":"K Damman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Damman K, Valente MA, Voors AA, O\u2019Connor CM, van Veldhuisen DJ, Hillege HL. Renal impairment, worsening renal function, and outcome in patients with heart failure: an updated meta-analysis. Eur Heart J. 2014;35(7):455\u201369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht386.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"463_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ahmad T, Jackson K, Rao VS, et al. Worsening Renal Function in Patients With Acute Heart Failure Undergoing Aggressive Diuresis Is Not Associated With Tubular Injury [published correction appears in Circulation. 2018 Jun 19;137(25):e853].\u00a0Circulation. 2018;137(19):2016\u20132028. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/circulationaha.117.030112.","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.117.030112"},{"issue":"6","key":"463_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e005552","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.118.005552","volume":"12","author":"VS Rao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rao VS, Ahmad T, Brisco-Bacik MA, et al. Renal effects of intensive volume removal in heart failure patients with preexisting worsening renal function. Circ Heart Fail. 2019;12(6):e005552. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.118.005552.","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail."},{"issue":"1","key":"463_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.111.963413","volume":"5","author":"M Metra","year":"2012","unstructured":"Metra M, Davison B, Bettari L, et al. Is worsening renal function an ominous prognostic sign in patients with acute heart failure? The role of congestion and its interaction with renal function. Circ Heart Fail. 2012;5(1):54\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.111.963413.","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail."},{"issue":"6","key":"463_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1989.03420060100040","volume":"261","author":"LW Stevenson","year":"1989","unstructured":"Stevenson LW, Perloff JK. The limited reliability of physical signs for estimating hemodynamics in chronic heart failure. JAMA. 1989;261(6):884\u20138.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"5","key":"463_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfq045","volume":"12","author":"M Gheorghiade","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gheorghiade M, Follath F, Ponikowski P, et al. Assessing and grading congestion in acute heart failure: a scientific statement from the acute heart failure committee of the heart failure association of the European Society of Cardiology and endorsed by the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. Eur J Heart Fail. 2010;12(5):423\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfq045.","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"issue":"12","key":"463_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2014.06.009","volume":"127","author":"M Vaduganathan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vaduganathan M, Greene SJ, Fonarow GC, Voors AA, Butler J, Gheorghiade M. Hemoconcentration-guided diuresis in heart failure. Am J Med. 2014;127(12):1154\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjmed.2014.06.009.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"463_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.344","volume":"17","author":"S Coiro","year":"2015","unstructured":"Coiro S, Rossignol P, Ambrosio G, et al. Prognostic value of residual pulmonary congestion at discharge assessed by lung ultrasound imaging in heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail. 2015;17(11):1172\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejhf.344.","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"issue":"2","key":"463_CR96","first-page":"133","volume":"34","author":"HJ Adrogue","year":"1974","unstructured":"Adrogue HJ, Roehr EE, Roncoroni AJ. Contraction alkalosis during recovery of cardio-respiratory failure. Medicina (B Aires). 1974;34(2):133\u20138.","journal-title":"Medicina (B Aires)."},{"issue":"7","key":"463_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1158","volume":"20","author":"JL Grodin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Grodin JL, Carter S, Bart BA, Goldsmith SR, Drazner MH, Tang WHW. Direct comparison of ultrafiltration to pharmacological decongestion in heart failure: a per-protocol analysis of CARRESS-HF. Eur J Heart Fail. 2018;20(7):1148\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejhf.1158.","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"issue":"3 Pt 1","key":"463_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(88)90265-3","volume":"84","author":"RA Rosen","year":"1988","unstructured":"Rosen RA, Julian BA, Dubovsky EV, Galla JH, Luke RG. On the mechanism by which chloride corrects metabolic alkalosis in man. Am J Med. 1988;84(3 Pt 1):449\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0002-9343(88)90265-3.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"463_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Van der Meer P, Postmus D, Ponikowski P, et al. The predictive value of short-term changes in hemoglobin concentration in patients presenting with acute decompensated heart failure.\u00a0J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;61(19):1973\u20131981. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.12.050.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.12.050"},{"issue":"12","key":"463_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hft110","volume":"15","author":"SJ Greene","year":"2013","unstructured":"Greene SJ, Gheorghiade M, Vaduganathan M, et al. Haemoconcentration, renal function, and post-discharge outcomes among patients hospitalized for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: insights from the EVEREST trial. Eur J Heart Fail. 2013;15(12):1401\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurjhf\/hft110.","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail."},{"issue":"7","key":"463_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2020.03.009","volume":"8","author":"W McCallum","year":"2020","unstructured":"McCallum W, Tighiouart H, Testani JM, et al. Acute kidney function declines in the context of decongestion in acute decompensated heart failure. JACC Heart Fail. 2020;8(7):537\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jchf.2020.03.009.","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail."},{"issue":"6","key":"463_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.05.027","volume":"62","author":"JM Testani","year":"2013","unstructured":"Testani JM, Brisco MA, Chen J, McCauley BD, Parikh CR, Tang WH. Timing of hemoconcentration during treatment of acute decompensated heart failure and subsequent survival: importance of sustained decongestion. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;62(6):516\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.05.027.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"463_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2011.07.004","volume":"4","author":"JL Ritzema","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ritzema JL, Richards AM, Crozier IG, et al. Serial Doppler echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging in the detection of elevated directly measured left atrial pressure in ambulant subjects with chronic heart failure. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2011;4(9):927\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcmg.2011.07.004.","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging."},{"issue":"1","key":"463_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2014.09.009","volume":"28","author":"TR Porter","year":"2015","unstructured":"Porter TR, Shillcutt SK, Adams MS, et al. Guidelines for the use of echocardiography as a monitor for therapeutic intervention in adults: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2015;28(1):40\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.echo.2014.09.009.","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"issue":"10","key":"463_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2004.02.012","volume":"93","author":"Z Jambrik","year":"2004","unstructured":"Jambrik Z, Monti S, Coppola V, et al. Usefulness of ultrasound lung comets as a nonradiologic sign of extravascular lung water. Am J Cardiol. 2004;93(10):1265\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjcard.2004.02.012.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"463_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2017.56","volume":"14","author":"S Price","year":"2017","unstructured":"Price S, Platz E, Cullen L, et al. Expert consensus document: echocardiography and lung ultrasonography for the assessment and management of acute heart failure. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2017;14(7):427\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrcardio.2017.56.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol."},{"issue":"15","key":"463_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e008184","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.117.008184","volume":"7","author":"MA Simon","year":"2018","unstructured":"Simon MA, Schnatz RG, Romeo JD, Pacella JJ. Bedside ultrasound assessment of jugular venous compliance as a potential point-of-care method to predict acute decompensated heart failure 30-day readmission. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018;7(15):e008184. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/JAHA.117.008184.","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc."},{"issue":"1","key":"463_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12208","volume":"5","author":"J \u00d6hman","year":"2018","unstructured":"\u00d6hman J, Harjola VP, Karjalainen P, Lassus J. Focused echocardiography and lung ultrasound protocol for guiding treatment in acute heart failure. ESC Heart Fail. 2018;5(1):120\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ehf2.12208.","journal-title":"ESC Heart Fail."},{"issue":"5","key":"463_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2008.06.004","volume":"1","author":"BJ Kimura","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kimura BJ, Demaria AN. Empowering physical examination: the \u201claying on\u201d of ultrasound. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2008;1(5):602\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcmg.2008.06.004.","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging."},{"key":"463_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rivas-Lasarte M, Maestro A, Fern\u00e1ndez-Mart\u00ednez J, et al. Prevalence and prognostic impact of subclinical pulmonary congestion at discharge in patients with acute heart failure [published online ahead of print, 2020 Jul 7].\u00a0ESC Heart Fail. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ehf2.12842.","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12842"},{"key":"463_CR111","unstructured":"Fridman D, Cohen A, Robinson G et al. Point of care lung ultrasound predicts heart failure readmissions. Circulation: heart failure and cardiomyopathies. In: Proceedings from AHA Scientific Sessions 2019. Nov 11, 2019. Abstract 11609."},{"key":"463_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Olarte N, Jacobs M, Vincent L et al. A trial of pre-discharge point of care ultrasound for acute decompensated heart failure. Circulation: cardiovascular quality and outcomes. In: Proceedings from AHA Quality of Care and Outcomes Research (QCOR) 2020 Scientific Sessions; May 15, 2020. Abstract 346.","DOI":"10.1161\/hcq.13.suppl_1.346"},{"issue":"4","key":"463_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e465","DOI":"10.1097\/MJT.0000000000000792","volume":"25","author":"JH Huston","year":"2018","unstructured":"Huston JH, Ferre R, Pang PS, Chioncel O, Butler J, Collins S. Optimal endpoints of acute heart failure therapy. Am J Ther. 2018;25(4):e465\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MJT.0000000000000792.","journal-title":"Am J Ther"},{"issue":"10","key":"463_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2017.06.008","volume":"23","author":"B Laliberte","year":"2017","unstructured":"Laliberte B, Reed BN, Devabhakthuni S, et al. Observation of patients transitioned to an oral loop diuretic before discharge and risk of readmission for acute decompensated heart failure. J Card Fail. 2017;23(10):746\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cardfail.2017.06.008.","journal-title":"J Card Fail."},{"key":"463_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schale S, Brambatti M, Hansen P et al. Transitioning patients to oral diuretics 24 hours before discharge from heart failure hospitalization does not improve 30 day outcomes. J Card Fail. In: Proceedings from the Heart Failure Society of America; Sep 13\u201316, 2019; Philadelphia, PA. Abstract 160.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2019.07.174"},{"issue":"6","key":"463_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1177\/1060028016637385","volume":"50","author":"AE Woodruff","year":"2016","unstructured":"Woodruff AE, Kelley AM, Hempel CA, Loeffler WJ, Echtenkamp CA, Hassan AK. Discharge diuretic dose and 30-day readmission rate in acute decompensated heart failure. Ann Pharmacother. 2016;50(6):437\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1060028016637385(Epub 2016 Mar 8).","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"key":"463_CR117","unstructured":"Prather K, Harding T, Gabriel D, Mentz RJ, Anstrom KJ. TRANSFORM-HF Trial Protocol. https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT03296813. Accessed Nov 2020."}],"container-title":["American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40256-020-00463-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40256-020-00463-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40256-020-00463-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,8]],"date-time":"2021-11-08T03:14:16Z","timestamp":1636341256000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40256-020-00463-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]]},"references-count":117,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]}},"alternative-id":["463"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40256-020-00463-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1175-3277","1179-187X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1175-3277","type":"print"},{"value":"1179-187X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 December 2020","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 March 2021","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Frederik H.Verbrugge is supported by the Special Research Fund (BOF) of Hasselt University (BOF19PD04).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Funding"}},{"value":"Saif Ali, Sharon Jung, Shuktika Nandkeolyar, Liset Stoletniy, Antoine Sakr, Anthony Hilliard, Frederik H. Verbrugge and Dmitry Abramov declare that they have no potential conflicts of interest that might be relevant to the contents of this manuscript. Frederik H. Verbrugge is supported by the Special Research Fund (BOF) of Hasselt University (BOF19PD04).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Yes.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Availability of data and material"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":8,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Code availability"}},{"value":"All work in this manuscript is original. All authors had access to the data and played a role in writing the manuscript, and each accepts responsibility for the content.","order":9,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Author contributions"}}]}}