{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T01:25:33Z","timestamp":1787793933990,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,11]],"date-time":"2020-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599782400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,11]],"date-time":"2020-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599782400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Clin Dermatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-020-00560-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,11]],"date-time":"2020-09-11T17:02:58Z","timestamp":1599843778000},"page":"193-204","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Oral Antibiotics for Acne"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5076-4178","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dillon J.","family":"Patel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7448-7809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neal","family":"Bhatia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"560_CR1","first-page":"13","volume":"7","author":"D Lynn","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lynn D, et al. The epidemiology of acne vulgaris in late adolescence. Adolesc Health Med Ther. 2016;7:13\u201325.","journal-title":"Adolesc Health Med Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"560_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2007.06.045","volume":"58","author":"CN Collier","year":"2008","unstructured":"Collier CN, et al. The prevalence of acne in adults 20\u00a0years and older. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2008;58(1):56\u20139.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"560_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2003.12321.x","volume":"121","author":"AH Jeremy","year":"2003","unstructured":"Jeremy AH, et al. Inflammatory events are involved in acne lesion initiation. J Investig Dermatol. 2003;121(1):20\u20137.","journal-title":"J Investig Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"560_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1177\/08959374980120010501","volume":"12","author":"LM Golub","year":"1998","unstructured":"Golub LM, Lee H-M, Ryan ME, et al. Tetracyclines inhibit connective tissue breakdown by multiple non-antimicrobial mechanisms. Adv Dent Res. 1998;12(2):12\u201326.","journal-title":"Adv Dent Res"},{"key":"560_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5701235","volume":"128","author":"DY Lee","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lee DY, Yamasaki K, Gallo R, et al. Sebocytes express functional cathelicidin antimicrobial peptides and can act to kill Propionibacterium acnes. J Investig Dermatol. 2008;128:1863\u20136.","journal-title":"J Investig Dermatol"},{"key":"560_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329418","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/329418","volume":"2015","author":"R Di Caprio","year":"2015","unstructured":"Di Caprio R, et al. Anti-inflammatory properties of low and high doxycycline doses: an in vitro study. Mediat Inflamm. 2015;2015:329418.","journal-title":"Mediat Inflamm"},{"issue":"2","key":"560_CR7","first-page":"118","volume":"74","author":"JQ Del Rosso","year":"2004","unstructured":"Del Rosso JQ. A status report on the use of subantimicrobial-dose doxycycline: a review of the biologic and antimicrobial effects of the tetracyclines. Cutis. 2004;74(2):118\u201322.","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"issue":"2","key":"560_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2005.10.004","volume":"54","author":"AN Sapadin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sapadin AN, Fleischmajer R. Tetracyclines: nonantibiotic properties and their clinical implications. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;54(2):258\u201365.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"560_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1053\/sder.2001.28207","volume":"20","author":"JJ Leyden","year":"2001","unstructured":"Leyden JJ. The evolving role of Propionibacterium acnes in acne. Semin Cutan Med Surg. 2001;20(3):139\u201343.","journal-title":"Semin Cutan Med Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"560_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2015.12.037","volume":"74","author":"AI Zaenglein","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zaenglein AI, et al. Guidelines of care for the management of acne vulgaris. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2016;74(5):945\u201373.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"560_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2011.04374.x","volume":"26","author":"A Nast","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nast A, et al. European evidence-based (S3) guidelines for the treatment of acne. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2012;26(Suppl. 1):1\u201329.","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"2","key":"560_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2017.09.078","volume":"78","author":"DM Thiboutot","year":"2018","unstructured":"Thiboutot DM, et al. Practical management of acne for clinicians: an international consensus from the Global Alliance to Improve Outcomes in Acne. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2018;78(2):S1\u201323.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"12","key":"560_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2610","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2010.303","volume":"105","author":"D Margolis","year":"2010","unstructured":"Margolis D, et al. Potential association between the oral tetracycline class of antimicrobials used to treat acne and inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 2010;105(12):2610\u20136.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"560_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1001\/archdermatol.2011.355","volume":"148","author":"D Margolis","year":"2012","unstructured":"Margolis D, et al. Association of pharyngitis with oral antibiotic use for the treatment of acne: a cross-sectional and prospective cohort study. Arch Dermatol. 2012;148(3):326\u201332.","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"560_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.291.7.827","volume":"291","author":"CM Velicer","year":"2004","unstructured":"Velicer CM, et al. Antibiotic use in relation to the risk of breast cancer. JAMA. 2004;291(7):827\u201335.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"560_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-015-3828-0","volume":"61","author":"VK Dik","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dik VK, et al. Frequent use of antibiotics is associated with colorectal cancer risk: results of a nested case\u2013control study. Dig Dis Sci. 2015;61(1):255\u201364.","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"560_CR17","first-page":"672","volume":"67","author":"Y Cao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cao Y, et al. Long-term use of antibiotics and risk of colorectal adenoma. Gut. 2018;67(4):672\u20138.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"6","key":"560_CR18","first-page":"581","volume":"14","author":"J Moore","year":"2015","unstructured":"Moore J. Efficacy and safety of subantimicrobial dose, modified-release doxycycline 40\u00a0mg vs doxycycline 100\u00a0mg vs placebo in the treatment of severe acne. J Drugs Dermatol. 2015;14(6):581\u20136.","journal-title":"J Drugs Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"560_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2010.01.003","volume":"37","author":"M Kohanski","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kohanski M, et al. Sub-lethal antibiotic treatment leads to multidrug resistance via radical-induced mutagenesis. Mol Cell. 2010;37(3):311\u201320.","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"560_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2003.618","volume":"49","author":"H Gollnick","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gollnick H, et al. Management of acne: a report from a Global Alliance to Improve Outcomes in Acne. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2003;49(Suppl. 1):S1\u201337.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"560_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.6.3.409","volume":"6","author":"AW Tan","year":"2005","unstructured":"Tan AW, et al. Acne vulgaris: a review of antibiotic therapy. Exp Opin Pharmacother. 2005;6(3):409\u201318.","journal-title":"Exp Opin Pharmacother"},{"key":"560_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2008.07.006","volume":"27","author":"JQ Del Rosso","year":"2009","unstructured":"Del Rosso JQ, et al. Optimizing use of oral antibiotics in acne vulgaris. Dermatol Clin. 2009;27:33\u201342.","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"issue":"4","key":"560_CR23","first-page":"217","volume":"7","author":"R Raflel","year":"2006","unstructured":"Raflel R, Yaghoobi R. Azithromycin versus tetracycline in the treatment of acne vulgaris. J Dermatol Treat. 2006;7(4):217\u201321.","journal-title":"J Dermatol Treat"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"560_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(85)80041-4","volume":"2","author":"JJ Leyden","year":"1985","unstructured":"Leyden JJ. Absorption of minocycline hydrochloride and tetracycline hydrochloride: effect of food, milk, and iron. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1985;2(Pt 1):308\u201312.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"560_CR25","first-page":"194","volume-title":"Drug interactions","author":"IH Stockley","year":"1999","unstructured":"Stockley IH. Antibiotic and anti-infective agent drug interactions. In: Stockley IH, editor. Drug interactions. 5th ed. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 1999. p. 194\u20137.","edition":"5"},{"issue":"2","key":"560_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.12139","volume":"169","author":"N Garrido-Mesa","year":"2013","unstructured":"Garrido-Mesa N, et al. Minocycline: far beyond an antibiotic. Br J Pharmacol. 2013;169(2):337\u201352.","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"560_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1990.tb08270.x","volume":"122","author":"EA Eady","year":"1990","unstructured":"Eady EA, Cove JH, Holland KT, Cunliffe WJ. Superior antibacterial action and reduced incidence of bacterial resistance in minocycline compared to tetracycline-treated acne patients. Br J Dermatol. 1990;122(2):233\u201344.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"560_CR28","first-page":"40","volume":"4","author":"JJ Leyden","year":"2011","unstructured":"Leyden JJ, Del Rosso JQ. Oral antibiotic therapy for acne vulgaris: pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic perspectives. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2011;4(2):40\u20137.","journal-title":"J Clin Aesthet Dermatol"},{"key":"560_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.3109\/09546639609089553","volume":"7","author":"JJ Leyden","year":"1996","unstructured":"Leyden JJ, et al. The antimicrobial effects in vivo of minocycline, doxycycline, and tetracycline in humans. J Dermatol Treat. 1996;7:223\u20135.","journal-title":"J Dermatol Treat"},{"issue":"8","key":"560_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD002086","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002086.pub2","volume":"2012","author":"SE Garner","year":"2012","unstructured":"Garner SE, et al. Minocycline for acne vulgaris: efficacy and safety. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;2012(8):CD002086. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD002086.pub2.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev."},{"issue":"4","key":"560_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1996.tb06972.x","volume":"134","author":"V Goulden","year":"1996","unstructured":"Goulden V, et al. Safety of long-term high-dose minocycline in the treatment of acne. Br J Dermatol. 1996;134(4):693\u20135.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"20","key":"560_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1003833","volume":"366","author":"WA Ray","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ray WA, et al. Azithromycin and the risk of cardiovascular death. New Engl J Med. 2012;366(20):1881\u201390.","journal-title":"New Engl J Med"},{"key":"560_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.4103\/CDR.CDR_2_17","volume":"1","author":"VR Sardesai","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sardesai VR, Deka YT. Comparison of efficacy of oral azithromycin with oral minocycline in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Clin Dermatol Rev. 2017;1:37\u201340.","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"560_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.5070\/D33QF1X5T6","volume":"13","author":"F Bardazzi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bardazzi F, et al. Azithromycin: a new therapeutical strategy for acne in adolescents. Dermatol Online J. 2007;13(4):4.","journal-title":"Dermatol Online J"},{"issue":"1","key":"560_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2000.00749.x","volume":"39","author":"A Fernandez-Obregon","year":"2000","unstructured":"Fernandez-Obregon A. Azithromycin for the treatment of acne. Int J Dermatol. 2000;39(1):45\u201350.","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"560_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2013.10.003","volume":"2","author":"J Grech","year":"2014","unstructured":"Grech J. Susceptibility profiles of Propionibacterium acnes isolated from patients with acne vulgaris. J Glob Antimicrob Resist. 2014;2:35\u20138.","journal-title":"J Glob Antimicrob Resist"},{"issue":"3","key":"560_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijwd.2018.03.006","volume":"4","author":"AK Guzman","year":"2018","unstructured":"Guzman AK, et al. Safety and effectiveness of amoxicillin in the treatment of inflammatory acne. Int J Womens Dermatol. 2018;4(3):174\u20135.","journal-title":"Int J Womens Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"560_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2018.4944","volume":"155","author":"JS Barbieri","year":"2019","unstructured":"Barbieri JS, et al. Trends in oral antibiotic prescription in dermatology, 2008 to 2016. JAMA Dermatol. 2019;155(3):290\u20137.","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"560_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yadr.2007.07.003","volume":"23","author":"CB Turowski","year":"2007","unstructured":"Turowski CB, James WD. The efficacy and safety of amoxicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and spironolactone for treatment-resistant acne vulgaris. Adv Dermatol. 2007;23:155\u201363.","journal-title":"Adv Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"560_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e318258cb05","volume":"23","author":"KJ Lin","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lin KJ, et al. Maternal exposure to amoxicillin and the risk of oral clefts. Epidemiology. 2012;23(5):699\u2013705.","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"560_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.2008.00628.x","volume":"5","author":"JA Fenner","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fenner JA. Oral cephalexin for acne vulgaris: clinical experience with 93 patients. Pediatr Dermatol. 2008;5(2):179\u201383.","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"issue":"8","key":"560_CR42","first-page":"58","volume":"4","author":"M McCarty","year":"2011","unstructured":"McCarty M, Del Rosso J. Chronic administration of oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for acne vulgaris. J Clin Aesth Dermatol. 2011;4(8):58\u201366.","journal-title":"J Clin Aesth Dermatol"},{"issue":"9","key":"560_CR43","first-page":"873","volume":"6","author":"K Amin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Amin K, et al. Common and alternate oral antibiotic therapies for acne vulgaris: a review. J Drugs Dermatol. 2007;6(9):873\u201380.","journal-title":"J Drugs Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"560_CR44","first-page":"333","volume":"17","author":"J Leyden","year":"2018","unstructured":"Leyden J, et al. Efficacy and safety of sarecycline, a novel, once-daily, narrow spectrum antibiotic for the treatment of moderate to severe facial acne vulgaris: results of a phase 2, dose-ranging study. J Drugs Dermatol. 2018;17(3):333\u20138.","journal-title":"J Drugs Dermatol"},{"issue":"9","key":"560_CR45","first-page":"987","volume":"17","author":"A Moore","year":"2018","unstructured":"Moore A, et al. Once-daily oral sarecycline 1.5\u00a0mg\/kg\/day is effective for moderate to severe acne vulgaris: results from two identically designed, phase 3, randomized, double-blind clinical trials. J Drugs Dermatol. 2018;17(9):987\u201396.","journal-title":"J Drugs Dermatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"560_CR46","first-page":"30","volume":"12","author":"JQ Del Rosso","year":"2019","unstructured":"Del Rosso JQ, Rosen T, Palceski D, Rueda MJ. Patient awareness of antimicrobial resistance and antibiotic use in acne vulgaris. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2019;12(6):30\u201341.","journal-title":"J Clin Aesthet Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"560_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2018.09.055","volume":"80","author":"JS Barbieri","year":"2019","unstructured":"Barbieri JS, Spaccarelli N, Margolis DJ, James WD. Approaches to limit systemic antibiotic use in acne: systemic alternatives, emerging topical therapies, dietary modification, and laser and light-based treatments. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2019;80(2):538\u201349.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"560_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.4161\/derm.1.3.9364","volume":"1","author":"A Layton","year":"2009","unstructured":"Layton A. The use of isotretinoin in acne. Dermatoendocrinology. 2009;1(3):162\u20139.","journal-title":"Dermatoendocrinology"},{"key":"560_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-0960.2012.00947.x","volume":"54","author":"M Rademaker","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rademaker M. Isotretinoin: dose, duration, relapse. Australas J Dermatol. 2013;54:157\u201362.","journal-title":"Australas J Dermatol"},{"key":"560_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v69n0403","volume":"69","author":"L Azoulay","year":"2008","unstructured":"Azoulay L, Blais L, Koren G, et al. Isotretinoin and the risk of depression in patients with acne vulgaris: a case-crossover study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2008;69:526\u201332.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"560_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1996.03890310053007","volume":"132","author":"DJ Margolis","year":"1996","unstructured":"Margolis DJ, Attie M, Leyden JJ. Effects of isotretinoin on bone mineralization during routine therapy with isotretinoin therapy for acne vulgaris. Arch Dermatol. 1996;132:769\u201374.","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"560_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.00632.x","volume":"101","author":"D Reddy","year":"2006","unstructured":"Reddy D, Siegel CA, Sands BE, et al. Possible association between isotretinoin and inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 2006;101:1569\u201373.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"560_CR53","first-page":"265","volume":"1","author":"PE Pochi","year":"1982","unstructured":"Pochi PE. Hormones and acne. Semin Dermatol. 1982;1:265.","journal-title":"Semin Dermatol"},{"issue":"5 Suppl.","key":"560_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.01.019","volume":"60","author":"D Thiboutot","year":"2009","unstructured":"Thiboutot D, et al. New insights into the management of acne: an update from the Global Alliance to Improve Outcomes in Acne Group. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2009;60(5 Suppl.):S1\u201350.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"560_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.001","volume":"25","author":"JQ Del Rosso","year":"2007","unstructured":"Del Rosso JQ, Leyden JJ. Status report on antibiotic resistance: implications for the dermatologist. Dermatol Clin. 2007;25:127\u201332.","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"key":"560_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2015.12.003","volume":"34","author":"JQ Del Rosso","year":"2016","unstructured":"Del Rosso JQ, Zeichner JA. The clinical relevance of antibiotic resistance thirteen principles that every dermatologist needs to consider when prescribing antibiotic therapy. Dermatol Clin. 2016;34:167\u201373.","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"key":"560_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6809e1","volume":"68","author":"AP Kourtis","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kourtis AP, Hatfield K, Baggs J, et al. Vital signs: epidemiology and recent trends in methicillin-resistant and in methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections: United States. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2019;68:214\u20139.","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"560_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2011.05403.x","volume":"52","author":"N Mendoza","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mendoza N, et al. Antimicrobial susceptibility of Propionibacterium acnes isolates from acne patients in Colombia. Int J Dermatol. 2013;52(6):688\u201392.","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"560_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.174025","volume":"61","author":"K Sardana","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sardana K, et al. Cross-sectional pilot study of antibiotic resistance in Propionibacterium acnes strains in Indian acne patients using 16S-RNA polymerase chain reaction: a comparison among treatment modalities including antibiotics, benzoyl peroxide, and isotretinoin. Indian J Dermatol. 2016;61(1):45\u201352.","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"560_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2016.10.008","volume":"35","author":"C Dessinioti","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dessinioti C, et al. Propionibacterium acnes and antimicrobial resistance in acne. Clin Dermatol. 2017;35(2):163\u20137.","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"560_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(15)00527-7","volume":"16","author":"T Walsh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Walsh T, et al. Systematic review of antibiotic resistance in acne: an increasing topical and oral threat. Lancet. 2016;16(3):23\u201333.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"560_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2018.5221","volume":"155","author":"A Chien","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chien A, et al. Association of systemic antibiotic treatment of acne with skin microbiota characteristics. JAMA Dermatol. 2019;155(4):425\u201334.","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"560_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2019.0063","volume":"155","author":"K Hirotsu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hirotsu K, et al. Association of antibiotic resistance with antibiotic use for epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor-related papulopustular eruption. JAMA Dermatol. 2019;155(7):848\u201350.","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"560_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2017.04.016","volume":"77","author":"J Barbieri","year":"2017","unstructured":"Barbieri J, et al. Trends in prescribing behavior of systemic agents used in the treatment of acne among dermatologists and nondermatologists: a retrospective analysis, 2004\u20132013. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2017;77(3):456\u2013463.e4.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"560_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.2165\/00128071-200304050-00002","volume":"4","author":"H Tan","year":"2003","unstructured":"Tan H. Antibacterial therapy for acne: a guide to selection and use of systemic agents. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2003;4(5):307\u201314.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"560_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim S, et al. Systemic antibacterial agents. In: Comprehensive dermatologic drug therapy. 3rd ed.; 2012. p. 61\u201397.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4377-2003-7.00008-X"},{"issue":"4","key":"560_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2018.30.4.417","volume":"30","author":"JE Kim","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kim JE, Park AY, Lee SY, Park YL, Whang KU, Kim HJ. Comparison of the efficacy of azithromycin versus doxycycline in acne vulgaris: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Ann Dermatol. 2018;30(4):417\u201326.","journal-title":"Ann Dermatol"},{"key":"560_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1971.tb14233.x","volume":"84","author":"JA Cotterill","year":"1971","unstructured":"Cotterill JA, Cunliffe WJ, Forster RA, et al. A comparison of trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole with oxytetracycline in acne vulgaris. Br J Dermatol. 1971;84:366\u20139.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"560_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1159\/000252042","volume":"145","author":"K Hersle","year":"1972","unstructured":"Hersle K. Trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole in acne vulgaris: a double blind study. Dermatologica. 1972;145:187\u201391.","journal-title":"Dermatologica"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Clinical Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40257-020-00560-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40257-020-00560-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40257-020-00560-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,7]],"date-time":"2023-10-07T06:49:38Z","timestamp":1696661378000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40257-020-00560-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,11]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"alternative-id":["560"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40257-020-00560-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1175-0561","1179-1888"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1175-0561","type":"print"},{"value":"1179-1888","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 September 2020","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"No external sources of funding were used in the preparation of this review.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Funding"}},{"value":"Dillon J. Patel has no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this article. Neal Bhatia has been an advisor, consultant, and investigator for Almirall, Biofrontera, BiopharmX, Dermira, EPI Health, Ferndale, Foamix, Galderma, Intraderm, ISDIN, LaRoche-Posay, Leo, Mayne, Ortho, SunPharma, and Vyome.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Availability of Data and Material"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":8,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Code Availability"}},{"value":"Both authors contributed equally to this work.","order":9,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Author Contributions"}}]}}