{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,11]],"date-time":"2026-11-11T06:47:49Z","timestamp":1794379669209,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":213,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,2]],"date-time":"2022-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643760000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,2]],"date-time":"2022-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643760000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Clin Dermatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-022-00671-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,2]],"date-time":"2022-02-02T19:02:21Z","timestamp":1643828541000},"page":"177-193","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Leukonychia: What Can White Nails Tell Us?"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4227-5443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matilde","family":"Iorizzo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3981-1527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michela","family":"Starace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8169-9607","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcel C.","family":"Pasch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR1","first-page":"108","volume":"28","author":"FP Weber","year":"1899","unstructured":"Weber FP. Some pathologic conditions of the nails. Int Clin. 1899;28(1):108\u201330.","journal-title":"Int Clin"},{"issue":"8","key":"671_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1990.tb03463.x","volume":"29","author":"M Grossman","year":"1990","unstructured":"Grossman M, Scher RK. Leukonychia: review and classification. Int J Dermatol. 1990;29(8):535\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1990.tb03463.x.","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"671_CR3","first-page":"456","volume":"29","author":"MS Thomson","year":"1936","unstructured":"Thomson MS. Leuconychia. Proc R Soc Med. 1936;29(5):456\u20137.","journal-title":"Proc R Soc Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"671_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1995.tb02627.x","volume":"133","author":"R Baran","year":"1995","unstructured":"Baran R, Perrin C. Transverse leukonychia of toenails due to repeated microtrauma. Br J Dermatol. 1995;133(2):267\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1995.tb02627.x.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/0266-7681(86)90185-3","volume":"11","author":"SL Kates","year":"1986","unstructured":"Kates SL, Harris GD, Nagle DJ. Leukonychia totalis. J Hand Surg Br. 1986;11(3):465\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0266-7681(86)90185-3.","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Br."},{"issue":"2 Suppl.","key":"671_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2001.111899","volume":"44","author":"CD Claudel","year":"2001","unstructured":"Claudel CD, Zic JA, Boyd AS. Idiopathic leukonychia totalis and partialis in a 12-year-old patient. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2001;44(2 Suppl.):379\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1067\/mjd.2001.111899.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"1 Pt 1","key":"671_CR7","first-page":"50","volume":"130","author":"MC Marcilly","year":"2003","unstructured":"Marcilly MC, Balme B, Haftek M, Wolf F, Grezard P, Berard F, et al. Sub-total hereditary leukonychia, histopathological and electron microscopy study of \u201cmilky\u201d nails. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2003;130(1 Pt 1):50\u20134.","journal-title":"Ann Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"2","key":"671_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2014.12.005","volume":"33","author":"B Richert","year":"2015","unstructured":"Richert B, Caucanas M, Andre J. Diagnosis using nail matrix. Dermatol Clin. 2015;33(2):243\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.det.2014.12.005.","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"issue":"4","key":"671_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2010.10179.x","volume":"164","author":"E Le Fourn","year":"2011","unstructured":"Le Fourn E, Duhard E, Tauveron V, Maruani A, Samimi M, Lorette G, et al. Changes in the nail unit in patients with secondary lymphoedema identified using clinical, dermoscopic and ultrasound examination. Br J Dermatol. 2011;164(4):765\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2010.10179.x.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"671_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1972.01620070063024","volume":"105","author":"JJ Leyden","year":"1972","unstructured":"Leyden JJ, Wood MG. The \u201chalf-and-half nail\u201d: a uremic onychopathy. Arch Dermatol. 1972;105(4):591\u20132.","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"671_CR11","first-page":"157","volume":"123","author":"PL Bencini","year":"1988","unstructured":"Bencini PL, Urbani CE, Crosti C. Onychopathy in the renal transplantation patient. G Ital Dermatol Venereol. 1988;123(4):157\u20138.","journal-title":"G Ital Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"5","key":"671_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1097\/00000372-199710000-00005","volume":"19","author":"C Perrin","year":"1997","unstructured":"Perrin C, Michiels JF, Pisani A, Ortonne JP. Anatomic distribution of melanocytes in normal nail unit: an immunohistochemical investigation. Am J Dermatopathol. 1997;19(5):462\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00000372-199710000-00005.","journal-title":"Am J Dermatopathol"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1097\/dad.0000000000000940","volume":"40","author":"C Perrin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Perrin C, Michiels JF, Boyer J, Ambrosetti D. Melanocytes pattern in the normal nail, with special reference to nail bed melanocytes. Am J Dermatopathol. 2018;40(3):180\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/dad.0000000000000940.","journal-title":"Am J Dermatopathol"},{"issue":"7","key":"671_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.13866","volume":"57","author":"K Chelidze","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chelidze K, Lipner SR. Nail changes in alopecia areata: an update and review. Int J Dermatol. 2018;57(7):776\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ijd.13866.","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"671_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-2810","volume":"98","author":"YBM Roest","year":"2018","unstructured":"Roest YBM, van Middendorp HT, Evers AWM, van de Kerkhof PCM, Pasch MC. Nail involvement in alopecia areata: a questionnaire-based survey on clinical signs, impact on quality of life and review of the literature. Acta Derm Venereol. 2018;98(2):212\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2340\/00015555-2810.","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"671_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.2147\/PTT.S126281","volume":"7","author":"E Haneke","year":"2017","unstructured":"Haneke E. Nail psoriasis: clinical features, pathogenesis, differential diagnoses, and management. Psoriasis (Auckl). 2017;7:51\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/PTT.S126281.","journal-title":"Psoriasis (Auckl)."},{"key":"671_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2014.18.39.3761","volume":"18","author":"S Gallouj","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gallouj S, Mernissi FZ. Transverse leuconychia induced by manicure: is there a contribution from dermoscopy? Pan Afr Med J. 2014;18:39. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11604\/pamj.2014.18.39.3761.","journal-title":"Pan Afr Med J"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-2798","volume":"98","author":"SH Bae","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bae SH, Lee MY, Lee JB. Distinct patterns and aetiology of chromonychia. Acta Derm Venereol. 2018;98(1):108\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2340\/00015555-2798.","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"671_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3230582","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/3230582","volume":"2018","author":"S Ficicioglu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ficicioglu S, Korkmaz S. Onychophagia induced melanonychia, splinter hemorrhages, leukonychia, and pterygium inversum unguis concurrently. Case Rep Dermatol Med. 2018;2018:3230582. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2018\/3230582.","journal-title":"Case Rep Dermatol Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2004.01432.x","volume":"29","author":"JC Bowling","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bowling JC, McIntosh S, Agnew KL. Transverse leukonychia of the fingernail following proximal nail fold trauma. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2004;29(1):96. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2004.01432.x.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"671_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2007.02262.x","volume":"21","author":"I Duman","year":"2007","unstructured":"Duman I, Aydemir K, Taskaynatan MA, Dincer K. Unusual cases of acquired leukonychia totalis and partialis secondary to reflex sympathetic dystrophy. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2007;21(10):1445\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2007.02262.x.","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.1992.tb00197.x","volume":"17","author":"E Swart","year":"1992","unstructured":"Swart E, Lochner JD. Skin conditions in epileptics. Clin Exp Dermatol. 1992;17(3):169\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2230.1992.tb00197.x.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"issue":"11","key":"671_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1985.01660110100025","volume":"121","author":"WI Dotz","year":"1985","unstructured":"Dotz WI, Lieber CD, Vogt PJ. Leukonychia punctata and pitted nails in alopecia areata. Arch Dermatol. 1985;121(11):1452\u20134.","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.5114\/ada.2020.96298","volume":"37","author":"OF Elmas","year":"2020","unstructured":"Elmas OF. Uncovering subtle nail involvement in lichen planus with dermoscopy: a prospective, controlled study. Postepy Dermatol Alergol. 2020;37(3):396\u2013400. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5114\/ada.2020.96298.","journal-title":"Postepy Dermatol Alergol."},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1159\/000478946","volume":"4","author":"AH Ehsani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ehsani AH, Nasimi M, Azizpour A, Noormohammadpoor P, Kamyab K, Seirafi H, et al. Nail changes in early mycosis fungoides. Skin Appendage Disord. 2018;4(1):55\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000478946.","journal-title":"Skin Appendage Disord."},{"issue":"4","key":"671_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1590\/abd1806-4841.20164620","volume":"91","author":"IO Topal","year":"2016","unstructured":"Topal IO, Gungor S, Kocaturk OE, Duman H, Durmuscan M. Nail abnormalities in patients with vitiligo. An Bras Dermatol. 2016;91(4):442\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/abd1806-4841.20164620.","journal-title":"An Bras Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"671_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1974.03230270017005","volume":"228","author":"CC Pfeiffer","year":"1974","unstructured":"Pfeiffer CC, Jenney EH. Letter: fingernail white spots: possible zinc deficiency. JAMA. 1974;228(2):157.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"671_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.07.014","volume":"50","author":"Y Saray","year":"2004","unstructured":"Saray Y, Seckin D, Gulec AT, Akgun S, Haberal M. Nail disorders in hemodialysis patients and renal transplant recipients: a case-control study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2004;50(2):197\u2013202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.07.014.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"671_CR29","first-page":"105","volume":"42","author":"P Ena","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ena P, Mazzarello V, Fenu G, Rubino C. Leukonychia from 2-ethyl-cyanoacrylate glue. Contact Dermatitis. 2000;42(2):105\u20136.","journal-title":"Contact Dermatitis"},{"issue":"2","key":"671_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1097\/00001432-200004000-00005","volume":"13","author":"AK Gupta","year":"2000","unstructured":"Gupta AK, Baran R, Summerbell RC. Fusarium infections of the skin. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2000;13(2):121\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00001432-200004000-00005.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00436654","volume":"136","author":"A van Gelderen de Komaid","year":"1996","unstructured":"van Gelderen de Komaid A, Borges de Kestelman I, Duran EL. Etiology and clinical characteristics of mycotic leukonychia. Mycopathologia. 1996;136(1):9\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00436654.","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"issue":"2","key":"671_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0507.2008.01683.x","volume":"53","author":"G Moreno-Coutino","year":"2010","unstructured":"Moreno-Coutino G, Toussaint-Caire S, Arenas R. Clinical, mycological and histological aspects of white onychomycosis. Mycoses. 2010;53(2):144\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1439-0507.2008.01683.x.","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"issue":"5","key":"671_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2010.03792.x","volume":"35","author":"T Rathore","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rathore T, Millington GW. Mycotic pseudoleuconychia affecting the fingernails. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2010;35(5):558\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2010.03792.x.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/s13555-019-00338-x","volume":"10","author":"MA Chessa","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chessa MA, Iorizzo M, Richert B, L\u00f3pez-Estebaranz JL, Rigopoulos D, Tosti A, et al. Pathogenesis, clinical signs and treatment recommendations in brittle nails: a review. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2020;10(1):15\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13555-019-00338-x.","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther (Heidelb)."},{"key":"671_CR35","first-page":"391","volume":"63","author":"RA Mees","year":"1919","unstructured":"Mees RA. Een verschijnsel bij polyneuritis arsenicosa. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1919;63:391\u20136.","journal-title":"Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd"},{"issue":"6","key":"671_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.1972.11713321","volume":"52","author":"JP Conomy","year":"1972","unstructured":"Conomy JP. A succession of Mees\u2019 lines in arsenical polyneuropathy. Postgrad Med. 1972;52(6):97\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00325481.1972.11713321.","journal-title":"Postgrad Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/89.3.479","volume":"89","author":"RB Jenkins","year":"1966","unstructured":"Jenkins RB. Inorganic arsenic and the nervous system. Brain. 1966;89(3):479\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/89.3.479.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-9740.2004.02369.x","volume":"3","author":"KL Maino","year":"2004","unstructured":"Maino KL, Stashower ME. Traumatic transverse leukonychia. Skinmed. 2004;3(1):53\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1540-9740.2004.02369.x.","journal-title":"Skinmed."},{"issue":"8","key":"671_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1976.01630320053016","volume":"112","author":"M Honda","year":"1976","unstructured":"Honda M, Hattori S, Koyama L, Iwasaki T, Takagi O. Leukonychia striae. Arch Dermatol. 1976;112(8):1147.","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2013.04.032","volume":"163","author":"SR Howard","year":"2013","unstructured":"Howard SR, Siegfried EC. A case of leukonychia. J Pediatr. 2013;163(3):914\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2013.04.032.","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.4274\/Tjh.2013.0048","volume":"30","author":"S Anoun","year":"2013","unstructured":"Anoun S, Qachouh M, Lamchahab M, Quessar A, Benchekroun S. Mees\u2019 lines in an acute myeloid leukemia patient. Turk J Haematol. 2013;30(3):340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4274\/Tjh.2013.0048.","journal-title":"Turk J Haematol"},{"issue":"5","key":"671_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1996.tb03904.x","volume":"135","author":"AJ Harris","year":"1996","unstructured":"Harris AJ, Burge SM, Gardener BP. Unilateral nail dystrophy after C4 complete spinal cord injury. Br J Dermatol. 1996;135(5):855\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1996.tb03904.x.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"671_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.1981.tb02355.x","volume":"6","author":"M Bryer-Ash","year":"1981","unstructured":"Bryer-Ash M, Kennedy C, Ridgway H. A case of leuconychia striata with severe erythema multiforme. Clin Exp Dermatol. 1981;6(5):565\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2230.1981.tb02355.x.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"671_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1962.01590040094015","volume":"85","author":"GF Donald","year":"1962","unstructured":"Donald GF, Hunter GA, Gillam BD. Transverse leukonychia due to pellagra. Arch Dermatol. 1962;85:530\u20131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archderm.1962.01590040094015.","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"9","key":"671_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.3109\/15563650.2010.511230","volume":"48","author":"JO Podjasek","year":"2010","unstructured":"Podjasek JO, Cook-Norris RH. Mees\u2019 lines. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2010;48(9):958. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/15563650.2010.511230.","journal-title":"Clin Toxicol (Phila)"},{"issue":"8","key":"671_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcw068","volume":"109","author":"S Sharma","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sharma S, Gupta A, Deshmukh A, Puri V. Arsenic poisoning and Mees\u2019 lines. QJM. 2016;109(8):565\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/qjmed\/hcw068.","journal-title":"QJM"},{"issue":"7","key":"671_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2002.01535_2.x","volume":"41","author":"MB Seavolt","year":"2002","unstructured":"Seavolt MB, Sarro RA, Levin K, Camisa C. Mees\u2019 lines in a patient following acute arsenic intoxication. Int J Dermatol. 2002;41(7):399\u2013401. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2002.01535_2.x.","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR48","first-page":"349","volume":"132","author":"E Quecedo","year":"1996","unstructured":"Quecedo E, Sanmartin O, Febrer MI, Martinez-Escribano JA, Oliver V, Aliaga A. Mees\u2019 lines: a clue for the diagnosis of arsenic poisoning. Arch Dermatol. 1996;132(3):349\u201350.","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"671_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1159\/000249991","volume":"165","author":"A Welter","year":"1982","unstructured":"Welter A, Michaux M, Blondeel A. Mees\u2019 lines in a case of acute arsenic poisoning. Dermatologica. 1982;165(5):482\u20133.","journal-title":"Dermatologica"},{"issue":"19","key":"671_CR50","first-page":"1454","volume":"44","author":"AM Perosio","year":"1957","unstructured":"Perosio AM. Toxic arsenical polyneuritis & Mees\u2019 lines of the fingers. Prensa Med Argent. 1957;44(19):1454\u20137.","journal-title":"Prensa Med Argent"},{"issue":"6","key":"671_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1177\/000992280504400610","volume":"44","author":"F Assadi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Assadi F. Leukonychia associated with increased blood strontium level. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2005;44(6):531\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/000992280504400610.","journal-title":"Clin Pediatr (Phila)"},{"issue":"6","key":"671_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1159\/000157883","volume":"60","author":"G Zhao","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zhao G, Ding M, Zhang B, Lv W, Yin H, Zhang L, et al. Clinical manifestations and management of acute thallium poisoning. Eur Neurol. 2008;60(6):292\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000157883.","journal-title":"Eur Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.143.1.93","volume":"143","author":"CI Lu","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lu CI, Huang CC, Chang YC, Tsai YT, Kuo HC, Chuang YH, et al. Short-term thallium intoxication: dermatological findings correlated with thallium concentration. Arch Dermatol. 2007;143(1):93\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archderm.143.1.93.","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"5647","key":"671_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5647.818","volume":"1","author":"PD Samman","year":"1969","unstructured":"Samman PD, Johnston EN. Nail damage associated with handling of paraquat and diquat. Br Med J. 1969;1(5647):818\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.1.5647.818.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"issue":"4","key":"671_CR55","first-page":"283","volume":"30","author":"F Dobbelaere","year":"1974","unstructured":"Dobbelaere F, Bouffioux J. Leukonychia in bands due to paraquat. Arch Belg Dermatol. 1974;30(4):283\u20134.","journal-title":"Arch Belg Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"671_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1097\/DER.0b013e318262ca83","volume":"23","author":"T Kibby","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kibby T, Ring DS. Nail injury and diquat exposure: forgotten but not gone. Dermatitis. 2012;23(4):176\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/DER.0b013e318262ca83.","journal-title":"Dermatitis"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1974.01630090093038","volume":"110","author":"RL Baran","year":"1974","unstructured":"Baran RL. Letter: nail damage caused by weed killers and insecticides. Arch Dermatol. 1974;110(3):467.","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"671_CR58","first-page":"1198","volume":"140","author":"M Siragusa","year":"1999","unstructured":"Siragusa M, Alberti A, Schepis C. Mees\u2019 lines due to cyclosporin. Br J Dermatol. 1999;140(6):1198\u20139.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"17","key":"671_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2281","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.54.5166","volume":"54","author":"T Kinjo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kinjo T, Shibahara D, Higa F, Fujita J. Beau\u2019s lines and Mees\u2019 lines formations after chemotherapy. Intern Med. 2015;54(17):2281. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2169\/internalmedicine.54.5166.","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"671_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2009.00744.x","volume":"37","author":"AM Ceyhan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ceyhan AM, Yildirim M, Bircan HA, Karayigit DZ. Transverse leukonychia (Mees\u2019 lines) associated with docetaxel. J Dermatol. 2010;37(2):188\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2009.00744.x.","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"671_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.15174","volume":"176","author":"A Helander","year":"2017","unstructured":"Helander A, Bradley M, Hasselblad A, Norlen L, Vassilaki I, Backberg M, et al. Acute skin and hair symptoms followed by severe, delayed eye complications in subjects using the synthetic opioid MT-45. Br J Dermatol. 2017;176(4):1021\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjd.15174.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e221","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12012","volume":"53","author":"J Zweegers","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zweegers J, Bovenschen HJ. Acitretin-induced transverse leukonychia. Int J Dermatol. 2014;53(3):e221\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ijd.12012.","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"8","key":"671_CR63","first-page":"657","volume":"110","author":"R Baran","year":"1983","unstructured":"Baran R, Brun P, Juhlin L. Transverse leukonychia induced by etretinate. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 1983;110(8):657.","journal-title":"Ann Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"2","key":"671_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12819","volume":"30","author":"S Gregoriou","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gregoriou S, Banaka F, Rigopoulos D. Isotretinoin-induced transverse leuconychia. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2016;30(2):385\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jdv.12819.","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-199921030-00004","volume":"21","author":"BM Piraccini","year":"1999","unstructured":"Piraccini BM, Tosti A. Drug-induced nail disorders: incidence, management and prognosis. Drug Saf. 1999;21(3):187\u2013201. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2165\/00002018-199921030-00004.","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"issue":"6","key":"671_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2006.07271.x","volume":"154","author":"SI Chaudhry","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chaudhry SI, Black MM. True transverse leuconychia with spontaneous resolution during pregnancy. Br J Dermatol. 2006;154(6):1212\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2006.07271.x.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2006.02178.x","volume":"32","author":"Y Fujita","year":"2007","unstructured":"Fujita Y, Sato-Matsumura KC, Doi I, Takaoka K. Transverse leukonychia (Mees\u2019 lines) associated with pleural empyema. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2007;32(1):127\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2006.02178.x.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"671_CR68","first-page":"318","volume":"65","author":"GH Mautner","year":"2000","unstructured":"Mautner GH, Lu I, Ort RJ, Grossman ME. Transverse leukonychia with systemic infection. Cutis. 2000;65(5):318\u201320.","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"issue":"6","key":"671_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.13863","volume":"33","author":"D Fernandez-Nieto","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fernandez-Nieto D, Jimenez-Cauhe J, Ortega-Quijano D, Diaz-Guimaraens B, Dominguez-Santas M, Martinez-Rubio J. Transverse leukonychia (Mees\u2019 lines) nail alterations in a COVID-19 patient. Dermatol Ther. 2020;33(6): e13863. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dth.13863.","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther"},{"issue":"24","key":"671_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3259","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.6112-20","volume":"59","author":"S Ide","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ide S, Morioka S, Inada M, Ohmagari N. Beau\u2019s lines and leukonychia in a COVID-19 patient. Intern Med. 2020;59(24):3259. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2169\/internalmedicine.6112-20.","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"671_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2008.02.037","volume":"152","author":"R Berard","year":"2008","unstructured":"Berard R, Scuccimarri R, Chedeville G. Leukonychia striata in Kawasaki disease. J Pediatr. 2008;152(6):889. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2008.02.037.","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1980.tb01996.x","volume":"19","author":"J Zizmor","year":"1980","unstructured":"Zizmor J, Deluty S. Acquired leukonychia striata. Int J Dermatol. 1980;19(1):49\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1980.tb01996.x.","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"671_CR73","first-page":"321","volume":"59","author":"MJ Hepburn","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hepburn MJ, English JC 3rd, Meffert JJ. Mees\u2019 lines in a patient with multiple parasitic infections. Cutis. 1997;59(6):321\u20133.","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1097\/00124743-199606000-00009","volume":"2","author":"MJ Jarek","year":"1996","unstructured":"Jarek MJ, Finger DR, Gillil WR, Giandoni MB. Periorbital edema and Mees\u2019 lines in systemic lupus erythematosus. J Clin Rheumatol. 1996;2(3):156\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00124743-199606000-00009.","journal-title":"J Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"6\u20137","key":"671_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/s0151-9638(06)70957-7","volume":"133","author":"E Mahe","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mahe E, Morelon E, Lechaton S, Kreis H, De Prost Y, Bodemer C. Sirolimus-induced onychopathy in renal transplant recipients. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2006;133(6\u20137):531\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0151-9638(06)70957-7.","journal-title":"Ann Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"2","key":"671_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.25636","volume":"72","author":"P Udayakumar","year":"2006","unstructured":"Udayakumar P, Balasubramanian S, Ramalingam KS, Lakshmi C, Srinivas CR, Mathew AC. Cutaneous manifestations in patients with chronic renal failure on hemodialysis. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2006;72(2):119\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0378-6323.25636.","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/s0190-9622(89)80096-9","volume":"20","author":"JL Held","year":"1989","unstructured":"Held JL, Chew S, Grossman ME, Kohn SR. Transverse striate leukonychia associated with acute rejection of renal allograft. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1989;20(3):513\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0190-9622(89)80096-9.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcy214","volume":"112","author":"SH Lee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lee SH, Kim WH. Mees\u2019 lines associated with heart failure. QJM. 2019;112(3):223. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/qjmed\/hcy214.","journal-title":"QJM"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199701163360317","volume":"336","author":"SJ Hutchison","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hutchison SJ, Amin S. Everest nails. N Engl J Med. 1997;336(3):229. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJM199701163360317.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2019-229644","volume":"12","author":"A Aujayeb","year":"2019","unstructured":"Aujayeb A. Mees\u2019 lines in high altitude mountaineering. BMJ Case Rep. 2019;12(3): e229644. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2019-229644.","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"671_CR81","first-page":"262","volume":"198","author":"J Botella de Maglia","year":"1998","unstructured":"Botella de Maglia J. Altitude leukonychia. Rev Clin Esp. 1998;198(4):262\u20133.","journal-title":"Rev Clin Esp"},{"issue":"4979","key":"671_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.4979.1327","volume":"1","author":"RC Muehrcke","year":"1956","unstructured":"Muehrcke RC. The finger-nails in chronic hypoalbuminaemia; a new physical sign. Br Med J. 1956;1(4979):1327\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.1.4979.1327.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"671_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2017.05.039","volume":"189","author":"V Williams","year":"2017","unstructured":"Williams V, Jayashree M. Muehrcke Lines in an Infant. J Pediatr. 2017;189:234. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2017.05.039.","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfp486","volume":"25","author":"AM Abdelaziz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Abdelaziz AM, Mahmoud KM, Elsawy EM, Bakr MA. Nail changes in kidney transplant recipients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2010;25(1):274\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ndt\/gfp486.","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1097\/RHU.0b013e31827d8a45","volume":"19","author":"MA Chavez-Lopez","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chavez-Lopez MA, Arce-Martinez FJ, Tello-Esparza A. Muehrcke lines associated to active rheumatoid arthritis. J Clin Rheumatol. 2013;19(1):30\u20131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/RHU.0b013e31827d8a45.","journal-title":"J Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1159\/000380956","volume":"1","author":"T Canavan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Canavan T, Tosti A, Mallory H, McKay K, Cantrell W, Elewski B. An idiopathic leukonychia totalis and leukonychia partialis: case report and review of the literature. Skin Appendage Disord. 2015;1(1):38\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000380956.","journal-title":"Skin Appendage Disord."},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR87","first-page":"31","volume":"61","author":"H Nabai","year":"1998","unstructured":"Nabai H. Nail changes before and after heart transplantation: personal observation by a physician. Cutis. 1998;61(1):31\u20132.","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"issue":"6","key":"671_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.143.6.815-b","volume":"143","author":"JA Weiser","year":"2007","unstructured":"Weiser JA, Rogers HD, Scher RK, Grossman ME. Signs of a \u201cbroken heart\u201d: suspected Muehrcke lines after cardiac surgery. Arch Dermatol. 2007;143(6):815\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archderm.143.6.815-b.","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"11","key":"671_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2212","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.2434","volume":"7","author":"F Mohaghegh","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mohaghegh F, Danesh F. Muehrcke\u2019s lines in a psoriatic patient: a possible association with acitretin therapy. Clin Case Rep. 2019;7(11):2212\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ccr3.2434.","journal-title":"Clin Case Rep."},{"issue":"4","key":"671_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1177\/1078155212468923","volume":"19","author":"CA Dasanu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dasanu CA, Ichim TE, Alexandrescu DT. Muehrcke\u2019s lines (Leukonychia striata) due to transretinoic acid therapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia. J Oncol Pharm Pract. 2013;19(4):377\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1078155212468923.","journal-title":"J Oncol Pharm Pract"},{"issue":"4","key":"671_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.1992.tb02166.x","volume":"17","author":"P Unamuno","year":"1992","unstructured":"Unamuno P, Fernandez-Lopez E, Santos C. Leukonychia due to cytostatic agents. Clin Exp Dermatol. 1992;17(4):273\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2230.1992.tb02166.x.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1159\/000070954","volume":"207","author":"GY Chen","year":"2003","unstructured":"Chen GY, Chen W, Huang WT. Single transverse apparent leukonychia caused by 5-fluorouracil plus leucovorin. Dermatology. 2003;207(1):86\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000070954.","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.4103\/ijd.IJD_37_19","volume":"65","author":"N Saraswat","year":"2020","unstructured":"Saraswat N, Sood A, Verma R, Kumar D, Kumar S. Nail changes induced by chemotherapeutic agents. Indian J Dermatol. 2020;65(3):193\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijd.IJD_37_19.","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1159\/000247451","volume":"185","author":"L Bianchi","year":"1992","unstructured":"Bianchi L, Iraci S, Tomassoli M, Carrozzo AM, Nini G. Coexistence of apparent transverse leukonychia (Muehrcke\u2019s lines type) and longitudinal melanonychia after 5-fluorouracil\/adriamycin\/cyclophosphamide chemotherapy. Dermatology. 1992;185(3):216\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000247451.","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"671_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1997.18221900.x","volume":"137","author":"R Baran","year":"1997","unstructured":"Baran R. Proximal subungual Candida onychomycosis: an unusual manifestation of chronic mucocutaneous candidosis. Br J Dermatol. 1997;137(2):286\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1997.18221900.x.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"671_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2006.01887.x","volume":"21","author":"W Chen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chen W, Yu YS, Liu YH, Sheen JM, Hsiao CC. Nail changes associated with chemotherapy in children. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2007;21(2):186\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2006.01887.x.","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"4","key":"671_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-199704000-00006","volume":"90","author":"S Chapman","year":"1997","unstructured":"Chapman S, Cohen PR. Transverse leukonychia in patients receiving cancer chemotherapy. South Med J. 1997;90(4):395\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00007611-199704000-00006.","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"issue":"4","key":"671_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e181","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(14)71133-7","volume":"16","author":"C Robert","year":"2015","unstructured":"Robert C, Sibaud V, Mateus C, Verschoore M, Charles C, Lanoy E, et al. Nail toxicities induced by systemic anticancer treatments. Lancet Oncol. 2015;16(4):e181\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1470-2045(14)71133-7.","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1016\/s0190-9622(86)80503-5","volume":"15","author":"SJ Friedman","year":"1986","unstructured":"Friedman SJ. Leukonychia striata associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1986;15(3):536\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0190-9622(86)80503-5.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1089\/152702902753639612","volume":"3","author":"M Burtscher","year":"2002","unstructured":"Burtscher M, Likar R. Leukonychia following high altitude exposure. High Alt Med Biol. 2002;3(1):93\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/152702902753639612.","journal-title":"High Alt Med Biol"},{"issue":"1089","key":"671_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1136\/postgradmedj-2016-134002","volume":"92","author":"P Halteh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Halteh P, Jorizzo JL, Lipner SR. Darier disease: candy-cane nails and hyperkeratotic papules. Postgrad Med J. 2016;92(1089):425\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/postgradmedj-2016-134002.","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"issue":"7","key":"671_CR102","first-page":"451","volume":"43","author":"G Kirtschig","year":"1992","unstructured":"Kirtschig G, Effendy I, Happle R. Leukonychia longitudinalis as the primary symptom of Hailey-Hailey disease. Hautarzt. 1992;43(7):451\u20132.","journal-title":"Hautarzt"},{"issue":"2","key":"671_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.08.042","volume":"63","author":"CS Aldrich","year":"2010","unstructured":"Aldrich CS, Hong CH, Groves L, Olsen C, Moss J, Darling TN. Acral lesions in tuberous sclerosis complex: insights into pathogenesis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2010;63(2):244\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.08.042.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"671_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1159\/000431315","volume":"231","author":"C Lesort","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lesort C, Debarbieux S, Duru G, Dalle S, Poulhalon N, Thomas L. Dermoscopic features of onychomatricoma: a study of 34 cases. Dermatology. 2015;231(2):177\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000431315.","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"issue":"6","key":"671_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1111\/cup.12122","volume":"40","author":"N Spaccarelli","year":"2013","unstructured":"Spaccarelli N, Wanat KA, Miller CJ, Rubin AI. Hypopigmented onychocytic matricoma as a clinical mimic of onychomatricoma: clinical, intraoperative and histopathologic correlations. J Cutan Pathol. 2013;40(6):591\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cup.12122.","journal-title":"J Cutan Pathol"},{"issue":"4","key":"671_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1159\/000444757","volume":"1","author":"U Wollina","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wollina U, Bula P. Longitudinal \u201chalf-and-half nails\u201d or true leukonychia. Skin Appendage Disord. 2016;1(4):185\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000444757.","journal-title":"Skin Appendage Disord."},{"issue":"10","key":"671_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.140.10.1253","volume":"140","author":"DA de Berker","year":"2004","unstructured":"de Berker DA, Perrin C, Baran R. Localized longitudinal erythronychia: diagnostic significance and physical explanation. Arch Dermatol. 2004;140(10):1253\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archderm.140.10.1253.","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2015.08.053","volume":"74","author":"A Tosti","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tosti A, Schneider SL, Ramirez-Quizon MN, Zaiac M, Miteva M. Clinical, dermoscopic, and pathologic features of onychopapilloma: a review of 47 cases. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2016;74(3):521\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaad.2015.08.053.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"671_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1159\/000448105","volume":"2","author":"P Halteh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Halteh P, Magro C, Scher RK, Lipner SR. Onychopapilloma presenting as leukonychia: case report and review of the literature. Skin Appendage Disord. 2017;2(3\u20134):89\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000448105.","journal-title":"Skin Appendage Disord."},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.06.024","volume":"63","author":"V Criscione","year":"2010","unstructured":"Criscione V, Telang G, Jellinek NJ. Onychopapilloma presenting as longitudinal leukonychia. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2010;63(3):541\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.06.024.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"671_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1971.04000200080014","volume":"104","author":"N Higashi","year":"1971","unstructured":"Higashi N, Sugai T, Yamamoto T. Leukonychia striata longitudinalis. Arch Dermatol. 1971;104(2):192\u20136.","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"671_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.3949\/ccjm.83a.14187","volume":"83","author":"SR Lipner","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lipner SR, Scher RK. Evaluation of nail lines: color and shape hold clues. Cleve Clin J Med. 2016;83(5):385\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3949\/ccjm.83a.14187.","journal-title":"Cleve Clin J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"671_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13030\/qt85b4w7z","DOI":"10.5070\/D3237035757","volume":"23","author":"K Davis-Fontenot","year":"2017","unstructured":"Davis-Fontenot K, Hagan C, Emerson A, Gerdes M. Congenital isolated leukonychia. Dermatol Online J. 2017;23(7):13030\/qt85b4w7z3.","journal-title":"Dermatol Online J"},{"issue":"6","key":"671_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2011.05.014","volume":"88","author":"M Kiuru","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kiuru M, Kurban M, Itoh M, Petukhova L, Shimomura Y, Wajid M, et al. Hereditary leukonychia, or porcelain nails, resulting from mutations in PLCD1. Am J Hum Genet. 2011;88(6):839\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajhg.2011.05.014.","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"issue":"24","key":"671_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4502","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.13939","volume":"283","author":"M Nomikos","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nomikos M, Thanassoulas A, Beck K, Theodoridou M, Kew J, Kashir J, et al. Mutations in PLCdelta1 associated with hereditary leukonychia display divergent PIP2 hydrolytic function. FEBS J. 2016;283(24):4502\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/febs.13939.","journal-title":"FEBS J"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2004.05994.x","volume":"151","author":"EE Norgett","year":"2004","unstructured":"Norgett EE, Wolf F, Balme B, Leigh IM, Perrot H, Kelsell DP, et al. Hereditary \u201cwhite nails\u201d: a genetic and structural study. Br J Dermatol. 2004;151(1):65\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2004.05994.x.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"671_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.38648","volume":"176","author":"D DeMille","year":"2018","unstructured":"DeMille D, Carlston CM, Tam OH, Palumbos JC, Stalker HJ, Mao R, et al. Three novel GJB2 (connexin 26) variants associated with autosomal dominant syndromic and nonsyndromic hearing loss. Am J Med Genet A. 2018;176(4):945\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajmg.a.38648.","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet A"},{"issue":"6","key":"671_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2012.1852","volume":"22","author":"H Mir","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mir H, Khan S, Arif MS, Ali G, Wali A, Ansar M, et al. Mutations in the gene phospholipase C, delta-1 (PLCD1) underlying hereditary leukonychia. Eur J Dermatol. 2012;22(6):736\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1684\/ejd.2012.1852.","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.2478\/bjmg-2018-0001","volume":"21","author":"AK Khan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Khan AK, Khan SA, Muhammad N, Muhammad N, Ahmad J, Nawaz H, et al. Mutation in phospholipase C, delta1 (PLCD1) gene underlies hereditary leukonychia in a Pashtun family and review of the literature. Balkan J Med Genet. 2018;21(1):69\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2478\/bjmg-2018-0001.","journal-title":"Balkan J Med Genet"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12707","volume":"18","author":"K Xue","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xue K, Zheng Y, Shen C, Cui Y. Identification of a novel PLCD1 mutation in Chinese Han pedigree with hereditary leukonychia and koilonychia. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2019;18(3):912\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jocd.12707.","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"key":"671_CR121","volume-title":"Acrokeratosis verruciformis of Hopf","author":"GM Williams","year":"2020","unstructured":"Williams GM, Lincoln M. Acrokeratosis verruciformis of Hopf. Treasure Island: StatPearls; 2020."},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1998.02043.x","volume":"138","author":"S Cambiaghi","year":"1998","unstructured":"Cambiaghi S, Riva S, Ramaccioni V, Gridelli B, Gelmetti C. Steatocystoma multiplex and leuconychia in a child with Alagille syndrome. Br J Dermatol. 1998;138(1):150\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1998.02043.x.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"671_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196701262760403","volume":"276","author":"RS Bart","year":"1967","unstructured":"Bart RS, Pumphrey RE. Knuckle pads, leukonychia and deafness: a dominantly inherited syndrome. N Engl J Med. 1967;276(4):202\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJM196701262760403.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"671_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1996.tb00649.x","volume":"35","author":"O Kose","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kose O, Baloglu H. Knuckle pads, leukonychia and deafness. Int J Dermatol. 1996;35(10):728\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1996.tb00649.x.","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.60365","volume":"55","author":"K Balighi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Balighi K, Moeineddin F, Lajevardi V, Ahmadreza R. A family with leukonychia totalis. Indian J Dermatol. 2010;55(1):102\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0019-5154.60365.","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"671_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.93636","volume":"78","author":"M Gonul","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gonul M, Gul U, Hizli P, Hizli O. A family of Bart-Pumphrey syndrome. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2012;78(2):178\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0378-6323.93636.","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.31.1.68","volume":"31","author":"JC Ramer","year":"1994","unstructured":"Ramer JC, Vasily DB, Ladda RL. Familial leuconychia, knuckle pads, hearing loss, and palmoplantar hyperkeratosis: an additional family with Bart-Pumphrey syndrome. J Med Genet. 1994;31(1):68\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jmg.31.1.68.","journal-title":"J Med Genet"},{"issue":"5","key":"671_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0022-202X.2004.23470.x","volume":"123","author":"G Richard","year":"2004","unstructured":"Richard G, Brown N, Ishida-Yamamoto A, Krol A. Expanding the phenotypic spectrum of Cx26 disorders: Bart-Pumphrey syndrome is caused by a novel missense mutation in GJB2. J Invest Dermatol. 2004;123(5):856\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.0022-202X.2004.23470.x.","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2012.06.068","volume":"161","author":"S Boule","year":"2012","unstructured":"Boule S, Fressart V, Laux D, Mallet A, Simon F, de Groote P, et al. Expanding the phenotype associated with a desmoplakin dominant mutation: Carvajal\/Naxos syndrome associated with leukonychia and oligodontia. Int J Cardiol. 2012;161(1):50\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijcard.2012.06.068.","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"671_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e570","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2009.03246.x","volume":"34","author":"N Karadeniz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Karadeniz N, Erkek E, Taner P. Unexpected clinical involvement of hereditary total leuconychia with congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles in three generations. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2009;34(8):e570\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2009.03246.x.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"671_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1080\/000155598442836","volume":"78","author":"EM Grosshans","year":"1998","unstructured":"Grosshans EM. Familial leukonychia totalis. Acta Derm Venereol. 1998;78(6):481. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/000155598442836.","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1097\/00019605-199707000-00005","volume":"6","author":"JJ Slee","year":"1997","unstructured":"Slee JJ, Wallman IS, Goldblatt J. A syndrome of leukonychia totalis and multiple sebaceous cysts. Clin Dysmorphol. 1997;6(3):229\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00019605-199707000-00005.","journal-title":"Clin Dysmorphol"},{"issue":"7","key":"671_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1975.01630190089011","volume":"111","author":"LL Bushkell","year":"1975","unstructured":"Bushkell LL, Gorlin RJ. Leukonychia totalis, multiple sebaceous cysts, and renal calculi: a syndrome. Arch Dermatol. 1975;111(7):899\u2013901.","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"671_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2011.1369","volume":"21","author":"R Rodriguez-Lojo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rodriguez-Lojo R, Del Pozo J, Sacristan F, Barja J, Pineyro-Molina F, Perez-Varela L. Leukonychia totalis associated with multiple pilar cysts: report of a five-generation family: FLOTCH syndrome? Eur J Dermatol. 2011;21(4):484\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1684\/ejd.2011.1369.","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"671_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-1893","volume":"95","author":"M Mutoh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mutoh M, Niiyama S, Nishikawa S, Oharaseki T, Mukai H. A syndrome of leukonychia, koilonychia and multiple pilar cysts. Acta Derm Venereol. 2015;95(2):249\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2340\/00015555-1893.","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"issue":"6\u20137","key":"671_CR136","first-page":"549","volume":"113","author":"J Friedel","year":"1986","unstructured":"Friedel J, Heid E, Grosshans E. The FLOTCH syndrome. Familial occurrence of total LeukOnychia, Trichilemmal cysts and Ciliary dystrophy with dominant autosomal Heredity. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 1986;113(6\u20137):549\u201353.","journal-title":"Ann Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"4","key":"671_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmg.2009.04.003","volume":"52","author":"Y Le Corre","year":"2009","unstructured":"Le Corre Y, Steff M, Croue A, Filmon R, Verret JL, Le Clech C. Hereditary leukonychia totalis, acanthosis-nigricans-like lesions and hair dysplasia: a new syndrome? Eur J Med Genet. 2009;52(4):229\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejmg.2009.04.003.","journal-title":"Eur J Med Genet"},{"issue":"22","key":"671_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6564","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddv365","volume":"24","author":"H Wang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wang H, Cao X, Lin Z, Lee M, Jia X, Ren Y, et al. Exome sequencing reveals mutation in GJA1 as a cause of keratoderma-hypotrichosis-leukonychia totalis syndrome. Hum Mol Genet. 2015;24(22):6564. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/hmg\/ddv365.","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"issue":"5","key":"671_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.7727\/wimj.2013.096","volume":"63","author":"HN Azakli","year":"2014","unstructured":"Azakli HN, Agirgol S, Takmaz S, Dervis E. Keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans associated with leukonychia. West Indian Med J. 2014;63(5):552\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7727\/wimj.2013.096.","journal-title":"West Indian Med J"},{"issue":"7","key":"671_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1993.tb02841.x","volume":"32","author":"I Galadari","year":"1993","unstructured":"Galadari I, Mohsen S. Leukonychia totalis associated with keratosis pilaris and hyperhidrosis. Int J Dermatol. 1993;32(7):524\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1993.tb02841.x.","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2006.01434.x","volume":"20","author":"M Atasoy","year":"2006","unstructured":"Atasoy M, Aliagaoglu C, Sahin O, Ikbal M, Gursan N. Linear atrophoderma of Moulin together with leuconychia: a case report. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2006;20(3):337\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2006.01434.x.","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320560103","volume":"56","author":"T Yamamoto","year":"1995","unstructured":"Yamamoto T, Tohyama J, Koeda T, Maegaki Y, Takahashi Y. Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia with small head, congenital nystagmus, hypoplasia of corpus callosum, and leukonychia totalis: a variant of Lowry-Wood syndrome? Am J Med Genet. 1995;56(1):6\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajmg.1320560103.","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet"},{"issue":"6","key":"671_CR143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2009.04429.x","volume":"49","author":"A Nofal","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nofal A, Assaf M, Nassar A, Nofal E, Shehab M, El-Kabany M. Nonmutilating palmoplantar and periorificial kertoderma: a variant of Olmsted syndrome or a distinct entity? Int J Dermatol. 2010;49(6):658\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2009.04429.x.","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"8","key":"671_CR144","first-page":"617","volume":"110","author":"C Crosti","year":"1983","unstructured":"Crosti C, Sala F, Bertani E, Gasparini G, Menni S. Leukonychia totalis and ectodermal dysplasia: report of 2 cases. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 1983;110(8):617\u201322.","journal-title":"Ann Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"671_CR145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1159\/000254936","volume":"126","author":"J Schwann","year":"1963","unstructured":"Schwann J. Keratosis palmaris et plantaris with congenital deafness and total leukonychia. Dermatologica. 1963;126:335\u201353.","journal-title":"Dermatologica"},{"issue":"2","key":"671_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2017.06.004","volume":"88","author":"A Alkhalifah","year":"2017","unstructured":"Alkhalifah A, Chiaverini C, Del Giudice P, Supsrisunjai C, Hsu CK, Liu L, et al. PLACK syndrome resulting from a new homozygous insertion mutation in CAST. J Dermatol Sci. 2017;88(2):256\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2017.06.004.","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2014.12.026","volume":"96","author":"Z Lin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lin Z, Zhao J, Nitoiu D, Scott CA, Plagnol V, Smith FJ, et al. Loss-of-function mutations in CAST cause peeling skin, leukonychia, acral punctate keratoses, cheilitis, and knuckle pads. Am J Hum Genet. 2015;96(3):440\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajhg.2014.12.026.","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.14383","volume":"38","author":"JME Boggs","year":"2021","unstructured":"Boggs JME, Irvine AD. PLACK syndrome resulting from a novel homozygous variant in CAST. Pediatr Dermatol. 2021;38(1):210\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pde.14383.","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"issue":"4996","key":"671_CR149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.4996.802","volume":"2","author":"RS Crow","year":"1956","unstructured":"Crow RS. Peripheral neuritis in myelomatosis. Br Med J. 1956;2(4996):802\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.2.4996.802.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"issue":"10","key":"671_CR150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2075","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2019.05.027","volume":"139","author":"Y Shimomura","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shimomura Y, O\u2019Shaughnessy R, Rajan N. PLCD1 and pilar cysts. J Invest Dermatol. 2019;139(10):2075\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jid.2019.05.027.","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"671_CR151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1998.02390.x","volume":"139","author":"O Vanhooteghem","year":"1998","unstructured":"Vanhooteghem O, Andre J, Halkin V, Song M. Leuconychia in reflex sympathetic dystrophy: a chance association? Br J Dermatol. 1998;139(2):355\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1998.02390.x.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"20","key":"671_CR152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1800","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000435562.07857.fd","volume":"81","author":"MR Turner","year":"2013","unstructured":"Turner MR. Unilateral leukonychia and hair depigmentation in multifocal motor neuropathy. Neurology. 2013;81(20):1800\u20131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/01.wnl.0000435562.07857.fd.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"2","key":"671_CR153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMicm050758","volume":"355","author":"ES Antonarakis","year":"2006","unstructured":"Antonarakis ES. Images in clinical medicine: acquired leukonychia totalis. N Engl J Med. 2006;355(2): e2. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMicm050758.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"671_CR154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2009.03476.x","volume":"24","author":"A Salem","year":"2010","unstructured":"Salem A, Gamil H, Hamed M, Galal S. Nail changes in patients with liver disease. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2010;24(6):649\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2009.03476.x.","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"671_CR155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2013-008857","volume":"2013","author":"R Verma","year":"2013","unstructured":"Verma R, Junewar V, Sahu R. Pathological fractures as an initial presentation of Wilson\u2019s disease. BMJ Case Rep. 2013;2013: bcr2013008857. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2013-008857.","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"issue":"7","key":"671_CR156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2013.6701","volume":"150","author":"N Hasunuma","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hasunuma N, Umebayashi Y, Manabe M. True leukonychia in Crohn disease induced by selenium deficiency. JAMA Dermatol. 2014;150(7):779\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamadermatol.2013.6701.","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.15772","volume":"177","author":"JW Yun","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yun JW, Woo YR, Kim M, Chung JH, Jung MH, Park HJ. Image Gallery: leukonychia induced by selenium deficiency related to long-term parenteral nutrition in a patient with Hirschsprung disease. Br J Dermatol. 2017;177(3): e72. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjd.15772.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"Dermatol Sect","key":"671_CR158","first-page":"57","volume":"12","author":"HC Samuel","year":"1919","unstructured":"Samuel HC. Case of leuconychia. Proc R Soc Med. 1919;12(Dermatol Sect):57\u20138.","journal-title":"Proc R Soc Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.3109\/15569527.2013.787088","volume":"33","author":"Y Yakut","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yakut Y, Ucmak D, Akkurt ZM, Akdeniz S, Palanci Y, Sula B. Occupational skin diseases in automotive industry workers. Cutan Ocul Toxicol. 2014;33(1):11\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/15569527.2013.787088.","journal-title":"Cutan Ocul Toxicol"},{"issue":"6","key":"671_CR160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0736-8046.2004.21603.x","volume":"21","author":"O Zargari","year":"2004","unstructured":"Zargari O, Kimyai-Asadi A, Jafroodi M. Cutaneous adverse reactions to hydroxyurea in patients with intermediate thalassemia. Pediatr Dermatol. 2004;21(6):633\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.0736-8046.2004.21603.x.","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/s0190-9622(85)80328-5","volume":"13","author":"GF Longstreth","year":"1985","unstructured":"Longstreth GF, Hershman J. Trazodone-induced hepatotoxicity and leukonychia. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1985;13(1):149\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0190-9622(85)80328-5.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"671_CR162","first-page":"363","volume":"29","author":"T Butterworth","year":"1982","unstructured":"Butterworth T. Leukonychia partialis: a phase of leukonychia totalis. Cutis. 1982;29(4):363\u20134 (367).","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/s0190-9622(85)80337-6","volume":"13","author":"L Stewart","year":"1985","unstructured":"Stewart L, Young E, Lim HW. Idiopathic leukonychia totalis and partialis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1985;13(1):157\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0190-9622(85)80337-6.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"671_CR164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S65","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-5178.144551","volume":"5","author":"A Ganesh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ganesh A, Priyanka G. Idiopathic congenital true leukonychia totalis. Indian Dermatol Online J. 2014;5(Suppl. 1):S65\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/2229-5178.144551.","journal-title":"Indian Dermatol Online J"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.2012.01826.x","volume":"31","author":"OA Bakry","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bakry OA, Attia AM, Shehata WA. Idiopathic acquired true leukonychia totalis. Pediatr Dermatol. 2014;31(3):404\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1525-1470.2012.01826.x.","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.90962","volume":"78","author":"SZ Arsiwala","year":"2012","unstructured":"Arsiwala SZ. Idiopathic acquired persistent true partial to total leukonychia. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2012;78(1):107\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0378-6323.90962.","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol"},{"key":"671_CR167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2009\/495809","volume":"2009","author":"MR Bongiorno","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bongiorno MR, Arico M. Idiopathic acquired leukonychia in a 34-year-old patient. Case Rep Med. 2009;2009: 495809. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2009\/495809.","journal-title":"Case Rep Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"671_CR168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.06406.x","volume":"152","author":"HJ Park","year":"2005","unstructured":"Park HJ, Lee CN, Kim JE, Jeong E, Lee JY, Cho BK. A case of idiopathic leuconychia totalis and partialis. Br J Dermatol. 2005;152(2):401\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.06406.x.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"671_CR169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2014.26.2.262","volume":"26","author":"SW Kim","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kim SW, Kim MS, Han TY, Lee JH, Son SJ. Idiopathic acquired true leukonychia totalis and partialis. Ann Dermatol. 2014;26(2):262\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5021\/ad.2014.26.2.262.","journal-title":"Ann Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.174193","volume":"61","author":"A Das","year":"2016","unstructured":"Das A, Bandyopadhyay D, Podder I. Idiopathic acquired true leukonychia totalis. Indian J Dermatol. 2016;61(1):127. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0019-5154.174193.","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"671_CR171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adengl.2012.01.023","volume":"103","author":"U Pielasinski-Rodriguez","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pielasinski-Rodriguez U, Machan S, Farina-Sabaris MC, Requena-Caballero L. Acquired total leukonychia in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2012;103(10):934\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.adengl.2012.01.023.","journal-title":"Actas Dermosifiliogr"},{"issue":"2","key":"671_CR172","first-page":"117","volume":"66","author":"PJ Brown","year":"2000","unstructured":"Brown PJ, Padgett JK, English JC 3rd. Sporadic congenital leukonychia with partial phenotype expression. Cutis. 2000;66(2):117\u20139.","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"issue":"11","key":"671_CR173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2010.04750.x","volume":"51","author":"NH Kwon","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kwon NH, Kim JE, Cho BK, Jeong EG, Park HJ. Sporadic congenital leukonychia with koilonychia. Int J Dermatol. 2012;51(11):1400\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2010.04750.x.","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"671_CR174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2011.04084.x","volume":"37","author":"N Clayton","year":"2012","unstructured":"Clayton N, Atkar R, Verdolini R. Ten bright-white fingernails in two young healthy patients. Congenital total (patient 1) and subtotal (patient 2) leuconychia (white nails syndrome, or milky nails). Clin Exp Dermatol. 2012;37(2):201\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2011.04084.x.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"671_CR175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ad.2011.07.011","volume":"103","author":"I Belinchon Romero","year":"2012","unstructured":"Belinchon Romero I, Ramos Rincon JM, Reyes RF. Nail involvement in leprosy. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2012;103(4):276\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ad.2011.07.011.","journal-title":"Actas Dermosifiliogr"},{"issue":"4","key":"671_CR176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1177\/1203475419839937","volume":"23","author":"FM Damasco","year":"2019","unstructured":"Damasco FM, Geskin LJ, Akilov OE. Nail changes in Sezary syndrome: a single-center study and review of the literature. J Cutan Med Surg. 2019;23(4):380\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1203475419839937.","journal-title":"J Cutan Med Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"671_CR177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.13355","volume":"55","author":"I McLachlan","year":"2016","unstructured":"McLachlan I, Visser WI, Jordaan HF. Skin conditions in a South African tuberculosis hospital: prevalence, description, and possible associations. Int J Dermatol. 2016;55(11):1234\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ijd.13355.","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2010.03692.x","volume":"25","author":"N Eros","year":"2011","unstructured":"Eros N, Marschalko M, Bajcsay A, Polgar C, Fodor J, Karpati S. Transient leukonychia after total skin electron beam irradiation. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2011;25(1):115\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2010.03692.x.","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"11","key":"671_CR179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1338","DOI":"10.1001\/archdermatol.2009.272","volume":"145","author":"KA Anderson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Anderson KA, Bartell HL, Olsen EA. Leukonychia related to vorinostat. Arch Dermatol. 2009;145(11):1338\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archdermatol.2009.272.","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"6815","key":"671_CR180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(54)92717-8","volume":"266","author":"R Terry","year":"1954","unstructured":"Terry R. White nails in hepatic cirrhosis. Lancet. 1954;266(6815):757\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(54)92717-8.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"8382","key":"671_CR181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(84)91351-5","volume":"1","author":"M Holzberg","year":"1984","unstructured":"Holzberg M, Walker HK. Terry\u2019s nails: revised definition and new correlations. Lancet. 1984;1(8382):896\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(84)91351-5.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"9","key":"671_CR182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2012.07184.x","volume":"27","author":"A Albuquerque","year":"2012","unstructured":"Albuquerque A, Sarmento J, Macedo G. Hepatobiliary and pancreatic: Terry\u2019s nails and liver disease. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2012;27(9):1539. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2012.07184.x.","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"19","key":"671_CR183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rce.2019.02.009","volume":"S0014\u20132565","author":"FJ Navarro-Trivino","year":"2019","unstructured":"Navarro-Trivino FJ, Linares-Gonzalez L, Rodenas-Herranz T. Terry\u2019s nails as the first clinical sign of autoimmune hepatitis. Rev Clin Esp. 2019;S0014\u20132565(19):30156. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rce.2019.02.009.","journal-title":"Rev Clin Esp"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kjms.2010.07.001","volume":"27","author":"Z Yuan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yuan Z, He C. Primary erythromelalgia with leukonychia combined with ulcerations and infection by Monilia guilliermondii. Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2011;27(3):114\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.kjms.2010.07.001.","journal-title":"Kaohsiung J Med Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"671_CR185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2010.11.033","volume":"124","author":"AM Nia","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nia AM, Ederer S, Dahlem KM, Gassanov N, Er F. Terry\u2019s nails: a window to systemic diseases. Am J Med. 2011;124(7):602\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjmed.2010.11.033.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"671_CR186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1016\/0190-9622(95)91335-1","volume":"32","author":"GB Jemec","year":"1995","unstructured":"Jemec GB, Kollerup G, Jensen LB, Mogensen S. Nail abnormalities in nondermatologic patients: prevalence and possible role as diagnostic aids. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1995;32(6):977\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0190-9622(95)91335-1.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"671_CR187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.134.10.1216","volume":"134","author":"B Cribier","year":"1998","unstructured":"Cribier B, Mena ML, Rey D, Partisani M, Fabien V, Lang JM, et al. Nail changes in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus: a prospective controlled study. Arch Dermatol. 1998;134(10):1216\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archderm.134.10.1216.","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"671_CR188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.47.0788","volume":"47","author":"T Saraya","year":"2008","unstructured":"Saraya T, Ariga M, Kurai D, Takeshita N, Honda K, Goto H. Terry\u2019s nails as a part of aging. Intern Med. 2008;47(6):567\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2169\/internalmedicine.47.0788.","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"671_CR189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/150.4.617-a","volume":"150","author":"S Iosub","year":"1984","unstructured":"Iosub S, Gromisch DS. Leukonychia partialis in Kawasaki disease. J Infect Dis. 1984;150(4):617\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/infdis\/150.4.617-a.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR190","first-page":"107","volume":"58","author":"PK Singh","year":"1986","unstructured":"Singh PK, Nigam PK, Singh G. Terry\u2019s nails in a case of leprosy. Indian J Lepr. 1986;58(1):107\u20139.","journal-title":"Indian J Lepr"},{"issue":"11","key":"671_CR191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2012.05648.x","volume":"52","author":"RY Miest","year":"2013","unstructured":"Miest RY, Comfere NI, Dispenzieri A, Lohse CM, El-Azhary RA. Cutaneous manifestations in patients with POEMS syndrome. Int J Dermatol. 2013;52(11):1349\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2012.05648.x.","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2004.01045.x","volume":"19","author":"BK Coskun","year":"2005","unstructured":"Coskun BK, Saral Y, Ozturk P, Coskun N. Reiter syndrome accompanied by Terry nail. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2005;19(1):87\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2004.01045.x.","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR193","first-page":"172","volume":"76","author":"M Blyumin","year":"2005","unstructured":"Blyumin M, Khachemoune A, Bourelly P. What is your diagnosis? Terry nails. Cutis. 2005;76(3):172 (201\u20132).","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12022","volume":"12","author":"T Anbar","year":"2013","unstructured":"Anbar T, Hay RA, Abdel-Rahman AT, Moftah NH, Al-Khayyat MA. Clinical study of nail changes in vitiligo. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2013;12(1):67\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jocd.12022.","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"671_CR195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1002\/ncp.10321","volume":"34","author":"M DiBaise","year":"2019","unstructured":"DiBaise M, Tarleton SM. Hair, Nails, and Skin: differentiating cutaneous manifestations of micronutrient deficiency. Nutr Clin Pract. 2019;34(4):490\u2013503. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ncp.10321.","journal-title":"Nutr Clin Pract"},{"issue":"5","key":"671_CR196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.97.5.1277a","volume":"97","author":"AA Sahin","year":"1990","unstructured":"Sahin AA, Kalyoncu AF, Selcuk ZT, Coplu L, Celebi C, Baris YI. Behcet\u2019s disease with half and half nail and pulmonary artery aneurysm. Chest. 1990;97(5):1277. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1378\/chest.97.5.1277a.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"7","key":"671_CR197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12507","volume":"29","author":"P Verma","year":"2015","unstructured":"Verma P, Mahajan G. Idiopathic \u201cHalf and half\u201d nails. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2015;29(7):1452. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jdv.12507.","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"7","key":"671_CR198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-006-0525-2","volume":"49","author":"T Zagoni","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zagoni T, Sipos F, Tarjan Z, Peter Z. The half-and-half nail: a new sign of Crohn\u2019s disease? Report of four cases. Dis Colon Rectum. 2006;49(7):1071\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10350-006-0525-2.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"5","key":"671_CR199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.5114\/pdia.2014.40969","volume":"31","author":"Y Ma","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ma Y, Xiang Z, Lin L, Zhang J, Wang H. Half-and-half nail in a case of isoniazid-induced pellagra. Postepy Dermatol Alergol. 2014;31(5):329\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5114\/pdia.2014.40969.","journal-title":"Postepy Dermatol Alergol."},{"issue":"6","key":"671_CR200","first-page":"695","volume":"16","author":"SK Cakmak","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cakmak SK, Gonul M, Aslan E, Gul U, Kilic A, Heper AO. Half-and-half nail in a case of pellagra. Eur J Dermatol. 2006;16(6):695\u20136.","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"671_CR201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-191508000-00004","volume":"8","author":"WC Brownson","year":"1915","unstructured":"Brownson WC. An unusual condition of the nails in pellagra. Southern Med J. 1915;8:673.","journal-title":"Southern Med J."},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1473-2165.2011.00595.x","volume":"11","author":"AF Chen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chen AF, Chimento SM, Hu S, Sanchez M, Zaiac M, Tosti A. Nail damage from gel polish manicure. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2012;11(1):27\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1473-2165.2011.00595.x.","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"issue":"9","key":"671_CR203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/s0213-005x(01)72691-2","volume":"19","author":"G Roustan","year":"2001","unstructured":"Roustan G, Martinez R, Orden B, Millan R. Leukonychia: whitish pigmentation of the ungueal lamina. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2001;19(9):445\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0213-005x(01)72691-2.","journal-title":"Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin"},{"issue":"10","key":"671_CR204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13030\/qt9tf3f7w","DOI":"10.5070\/D32210032896","volume":"22","author":"AS Pathipati","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pathipati AS, Ko JM, Yost JM. A case and review of congenital leukonychia. Dermatol Online J. 2016;22(10):13030\/qt9tf3f7ws.","journal-title":"Dermatol Online J"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbior.2013.07.003","volume":"53","author":"Y Nakamura","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nakamura Y, Kanemarum K, Fukami K. Physiological functions of phospholipase C\u03b41 and phospholipase C\u03b43. Adv Biol Regul. 2013;53(3):356\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbior.2013.07.003.","journal-title":"Adv Biol Regul."},{"issue":"4","key":"671_CR206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2012.10962.x","volume":"167","author":"M Farooq","year":"2012","unstructured":"Farooq M, Kurban M, Abbas O, Obeidat O, Fujikawa H, Kibbi AG, et al. A novel mutation in the PLCD1 gene, which leads to an aberrant splicing event, underlies autosomal recessive leuconychia. Br J Dermatol. 2012;167(4):946\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2012.10962.x.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/s0190-9622(86)80501-1","volume":"15","author":"V Bettoli","year":"1986","unstructured":"Bettoli V, Tosti A. Leukonychia totalis and partialis: a single family presenting a peculiar course of the disease. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1986;15(3):535. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0190-9622(86)80501-1.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR208","first-page":"138","volume":"88","author":"M Iorizzo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Iorizzo M, Daniel CR, Tosti A. Half and half nails: a past and present snapshot. Cutis. 2011;88(3):138\u20139.","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"issue":"4","key":"671_CR209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.3315\/jdcr.2014.1182","volume":"8","author":"A Masmoudi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Masmoudi A, Hajjaji Darouiche M, Ben Salah H, Ben Hmida M, Turki H. Cutaneous abnormalities in patients with end stage renal failure on chronic hemodialysis: a study of 458 patients. J Dermatol Case Rep. 2014;8(4):86\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3315\/jdcr.2014.1182.","journal-title":"J Dermatol Case Rep."},{"issue":"5","key":"671_CR210","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1159\/000250114","volume":"164","author":"D Lubach","year":"1982","unstructured":"Lubach D, Strubbe J, Schmidt J. The \u201chalf and half nail\u201d phenomenon in chronic hemodialysis patients. Dermatologica. 1982;164(5):350\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000250114.","journal-title":"Dermatologica"},{"issue":"8","key":"671_CR211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2012.186","volume":"307","author":"JA Udell","year":"2012","unstructured":"Udell JA, Wang CS, Tinmouth J, FitzGerald JM, Ayas NT, Simel DL, et al. Does this patient with liver disease have cirrhosis? JAMA. 2012;307(8):832\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2012.186.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"671_CR212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2003.05366.x","volume":"149","author":"AJ Gewirtzman","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gewirtzman AJ, Saurat JH, Braun RP. An evaluation of dermoscopy fluids and application techniques. Br J Dermatol. 2003;149(1):59\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2003.05366.x.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"671_CR213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1159\/000458728","volume":"3","author":"A Alessandrini","year":"2017","unstructured":"Alessandrini A, Starace M, Piraccini BM. Dermoscopy in the evaluation of nail disorders. Skin Appendage Disord. 2017;3(2):70\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000458728.","journal-title":"Skin Appendage Disord."}],"container-title":["American Journal of Clinical Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40257-022-00671-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40257-022-00671-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40257-022-00671-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,10]],"date-time":"2022-03-10T10:27:31Z","timestamp":1646908051000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40257-022-00671-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,2]]},"references-count":213,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]}},"alternative-id":["671"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40257-022-00671-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1175-0561","1179-1888"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1175-0561","type":"print"},{"value":"1179-1888","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 January 2022","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 February 2022","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"No sources of funding were received for the preparation of this article.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Funding"}},{"value":"The authors have no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this article.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest\/competing interests"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Availability of data and material"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":8,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Code availability"}},{"value":"MI had the idea for the article; MI and MP performed the literature search and data analysis; and MI, MS, and MP drafted and critically revised the work.","order":9,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Author contributions"}}]}}