{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T21:57:57Z","timestamp":1789595877211,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,25]],"date-time":"2024-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708819200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,25]],"date-time":"2024-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708819200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioDrugs"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40259-024-00651-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,25]],"date-time":"2024-02-25T10:02:08Z","timestamp":1708855328000},"page":"275-285","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Cardiovascular Adverse Drug Reactions of Anti-Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Monoclonal Antibodies for Migraine Prevention: An Analysis from the European Spontaneous Adverse Event Reporting System"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2447-8610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emanuela Elisa","family":"Sorbara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2019-4696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Antonietta","family":"Barbieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Cicala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2509-7449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edoardo","family":"Spina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"651_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30322-3","volume":"17","author":"LJ Stovner","year":"2018","unstructured":"Stovner LJ, Nichols E, Steiner TJ, Abd-Allah F, Abdelalim A, Al-Raddadi RM, et al. Global, regional, and national burden of migraine and tension-type headache, 1990\u20132016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet Neurol. 2018;17:954\u201376.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"651_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3489","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awt251","volume":"136","author":"MA Louter","year":"2013","unstructured":"Louter MA, Bosker JE, van Oosterhout WPJ, van Zwet EW, Zitman FG, Ferrari MD, et al. Cutaneous allodynia as a predictor of migraine chronification. Brain. 2013;136:3489\u201396.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"651_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ITC1","DOI":"10.7326\/AITC202301170","volume":"176","author":"N Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang N, Robbins MS. Migraine. Ann Intern Med. 2023;176:ITC1-16.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"651_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1111\/head.13281","volume":"58","author":"R Burch","year":"2018","unstructured":"Burch R, Rizzoli P, Loder E. The prevalence and impact of migraine and severe headache in the United States: figures and trends from government health studies. Headache. 2018;58:496\u2013505.","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"651_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-020-01208-0","volume":"21","author":"TJ Steiner","year":"2020","unstructured":"Steiner TJ, Stovner LJ, Jensen R, Uluduz D, Katsarava Z. Migraine remains second among the world\u2019s causes of disability, and first among young women: findings from GBD2019. J Headache Pain. 2020;21:137.","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"651_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102415620251","volume":"36","author":"K Laurell","year":"2016","unstructured":"Laurell K, Artto V, Bendtsen L, Hagen K, H\u00e4ggstr\u00f6m J, Linde M, et al. Premonitory symptoms in migraine: a cross-sectional study in 2714 persons. Cephalalgia. 2016;36:951\u20139.","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"651_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aprim.2021.102208","volume":"54","author":"AL Aguilar-Shea","year":"2022","unstructured":"Aguilar-Shea AL, Membrilla MDJA, Diaz-de-Teran J. Migraine review for general practice. Aten Primaria. 2022;54: 102208.","journal-title":"Aten Primaria"},{"key":"651_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.2217\/pmt-2018-0037","volume":"8","author":"S Jain","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jain S, Yuan H, Spare N, Silberstein SD. Erenumab in the treatment of migraine. Pain Manag. 2018;8:415\u201326.","journal-title":"Pain Manag"},{"key":"651_CR9","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency. Aimovig\u00ae, summary of product characteristics [Internet]. 2018.  Available from: https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/product-information\/aimovig-epar-product-information_en.pdf. Accessed 27 June 2023."},{"key":"651_CR10","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency. Emgality\u00ae, summary of product characteristics [Internet]. 2018. Available from: https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/product-information\/emgality-epar-product-information_en.pdf. Accessed 27 June 2023."},{"key":"651_CR11","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency. Ajovi\u00ae, summary of product characteristics [Internet]. 2019.  Available from: https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/product-information\/ajovy-epar-product-information_en.pdf. Accessed 27 June 2023."},{"key":"651_CR12","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency. Vyepti\u00ae, summary of product characteristics [Internet]. 2021.  Available from: https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/product-information\/vyepti-epar-product-information_en.pdf. Accessed 27 June 2023."},{"key":"651_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102418821662","volume":"39","author":"DW Dodick","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dodick DW. CGRP ligand and receptor monoclonal antibodies for migraine prevention: evidence review and clinical implications. Cephalalgia. 2019;39:445\u201358.","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"651_CR14","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency. Summary of risk management plan for VYEPTI\u00ae (eptinezumab) [Internet]. 2022. p. 1\u20135. Available from: https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/rmp-summary\/vyepti-epar-risk-management-plan-summary_en.pdf. Accessed 1 July 2023."},{"key":"651_CR15","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency. Summary of risk management plan for AJOVY (fremanezumab) [Internet]. 2023. p. 1\u20134. Available from: https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/rmp-summary\/ajovy-epar-risk-management-plan-summary_en.pdf. Accessed 1 July 2023."},{"key":"651_CR16","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency. Summary of the risk management plan for Aimovig (erenumab) [Internet]. 2023. p. 1\u20134. Available from: https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/rmp-summary\/aimovig-epar-risk-management-plan-summary_en.pdfv. Accessed 1 July 2023."},{"key":"651_CR17","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency. Summary of risk management plan for Emgality (galcanezumab) [Internet]. 2021. p. 1\u20139. Available from: https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/rmp-summary\/emgality-epar-risk-management-plan-summary_en.pdf. Accessed 1 July 2023."},{"key":"651_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1111\/head.14485","volume":"63","author":"D Kudrow","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kudrow D, Dafer R, Dodick DW, Starling A, Ailani J, Dougherty C, et al. Evaluation of vascular risk in patients with migraine with and without aura treated with erenumab: post hoc analysis of pooled long-term clinical trial data. Headache. 2023;63:418\u201328.","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"651_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1080\/14740338.2022.2049231","volume":"21","author":"D Liang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liang D, Sessa M. Post-marketing safety surveillance of erenumab: new insight from EudraVigilance. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2022;21:1205\u201310.","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Saf"},{"key":"651_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-022-01424-w","volume":"23","author":"AO G\u00e9rard","year":"2022","unstructured":"G\u00e9rard AO, Merino D, Van Obberghen EK, Rocher F, Destere A, Lant\u00e9ri-Minet M, et al. Calcitonin gene-related peptide-targeting drugs and Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon: a real-world potential safety signal from the WHO pharmacovigilance database. J Headache Pain. 2022;23:53.","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"651_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.2725","volume":"42","author":"RH Woods","year":"2022","unstructured":"Woods RH. Alopecia signals associated with calcitonin gene-related peptide inhibitors in the treatment or prophylaxis of migraine: a pharmacovigilance study. Pharmacotherapy. 2022;42:758\u201367.","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"651_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-022-01431-x","volume":"23","author":"S Sacco","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sacco S, Amin FM, Ashina M, Bendtsen L, Deligianni CI, Gil-Gouveia R, et al. European Headache Federation guideline on the use of monoclonal antibodies targeting the calcitonin gene related peptide pathway for migraine prevention\u20142022 update. J Headache Pain. 2022;23:67.","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"651_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-021-00509-5","volume":"17","author":"AK Eigenbrodt","year":"2021","unstructured":"Eigenbrodt AK, Ashina H, Khan S, Diener H-C, Mitsikostas DD, Sinclair AJ, et al. Diagnosis and management of migraine in ten steps. Nat Rev Neurol. 2021;17:501\u201314.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"651_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S305483","volume":"14","author":"SY Xu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xu SY, Li HJ, Huang J, Li XP, Li CX. Migraine with brainstem aura accompanied by disorders of consciousness. J Pain Res. 2021;14:1119\u201327.","journal-title":"J Pain Res"},{"key":"651_CR25","first-page":"171","volume":"4","author":"TM Noghani","year":"2016","unstructured":"Noghani TM, Rezaeizadeh H, Fazljoo SMB, Keshavarz M. Gastrointestinal headache: a narrative review. Emerg (Tehran). 2016;4:171\u201383.","journal-title":"Emerg (Tehran)."},{"key":"651_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000201332","volume":"99","author":"J Ailani","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ailani J, Kaiser EA, Mathew PG, McAllister P, Russo AF, V\u00e9lez C, et al. Role of calcitonin gene-related peptide on the gastrointestinal symptoms of migraine-clinical considerations: a narrative review. Neurology. 2022;99:841\u201353.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"651_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.npep.2012.07.008","volume":"47","author":"L-Q Pi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pi L-Q, Jin X-H, Hwang ST, Lee W-S. Effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide on the immune privilege of human hair follicles. Neuropeptides. 2013;47:51\u20137.","journal-title":"Neuropeptides"},{"key":"651_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15061851","volume":"15","author":"MA Barbieri","year":"2023","unstructured":"Barbieri MA, Sorbara EE, Russo G, Cicala G, Franchina T, Santarpia M, et al. Neuropsychiatric adverse drug reactions with tyrosine kinase inhibitors in gastrointestinal stromal tumors: an analysis from the European Spontaneous Adverse Event Reporting System. Cancers (Basel). 2023;15:1851.","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)."},{"key":"651_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1080\/21556660.2019.1566137","volume":"8","author":"MD G\u00fcner","year":"2019","unstructured":"G\u00fcner MD, Ekmekci PE. Healthcare professionals\u2019 pharmacovigilance knowledge and adverse drug reaction reporting behavior and factors determining the reporting rates. J Drug Assess. 2019;8:13\u201320.","journal-title":"J Drug Assess."},{"key":"651_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1007\/s40264-017-0572-8","volume":"40","author":"A Santoro","year":"2017","unstructured":"Santoro A, Genov G, Spooner A, Raine J, Arlett P. Promoting and protecting public health: how the European Union Pharmacovigilance System works. Drug Saf. 2017;40:855\u201369.","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"key":"651_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.2147\/TCRM.S137144","volume":"13","author":"A Arora","year":"2017","unstructured":"Arora A, Jalali R, Vohora D. Relevance of the Weber effect in contemporary pharmacovigilance of oncology drugs. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2017;13:1195\u2013203.","journal-title":"Ther Clin Risk Manag"},{"key":"651_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"910225","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.910225","volume":"9","author":"TM Rhee","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rhee TM, Choi EK, Do HK, Ahn HJ, Lee SR, Oh S, et al. Type and severity of migraine determines risk of atrial fibrillation in women. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022;9:910225.","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med."},{"key":"651_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2016.12.028","volume":"130","author":"CA Rambarat","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rambarat CA, Elgendy IY, Johnson BD, Reis SE, Thompson DV, Sharaf BL, et al. Migraine headache and long-term cardiovascular outcomes: an extended follow-up of the Women\u2019s Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation. Am J Med. 2017;130:738\u201343.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"651_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.32.4.764","volume":"32","author":"G Schillaci","year":"1998","unstructured":"Schillaci G, Verdecchia P, Borgioni C, Ciucci A, Porcellati C. Early cardiac changes after menopause. Hypertension. 1998;32:764\u20139.","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"651_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Costa S, Saguner AM, Gasperetti A, Akdis D, Brunckhorst C, Duru F. the link between sex hormones and susceptibility to cardiac arrhythmias: from molecular basis to clinical implications. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2021;8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2021.644279"},{"key":"651_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-019-0979-y","volume":"20","author":"V Favoni","year":"2019","unstructured":"Favoni V, Giani L, Al-Hassany L, Asioli GM, Butera C, de Boer I, et al. CGRP and migraine from a cardiovascular point of view: what do we expect from blocking CGRP? J Headache Pain. 2019;20:27.","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"651_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-021-01360-1","volume":"22","author":"TR Smith","year":"2021","unstructured":"Smith TR, Spierings ELH, Cady R, Hirman J, Ettrup A, Shen V. Cardiovascular outcomes in adults with migraine treated with eptinezumab for migraine prevention: pooled data from four randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies. J Headache Pain. 2021;22:143.","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"651_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000000438","volume":"30","author":"DD Mitsikostas","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mitsikostas DD, Reuter U. Calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibodies for migraine prevention: comparisons across randomized controlled studies. Curr Opin Neurol. 2017;30:272\u201380.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol"},{"key":"651_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saely S, Croteau D, Jawidzik L, Brinker A, Kortepeter C. Hypertension: a new safety risk for patients treated with erenumab. Headache. 2021;61:202\u20138.","DOI":"10.1111\/head.14051"},{"key":"651_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-017-2893-x","volume":"38","author":"C Finocchi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Finocchi C, Sassos D. Headache and arterial hypertension. Neurol Sci. 2017;38:67\u201372.","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"key":"651_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2005.11.020","volume":"530","author":"S Gupta","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gupta S, Mehrotra S, Villal\u00f3n CM, Garrelds IM, de Vries R, van Kats JP, et al. Characterisation of CGRP receptors in human and porcine isolated coronary arteries: evidence for CGRP receptor heterogeneity. Eur J Pharmacol. 2006;530:107\u201316.","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"651_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.73.3.579","volume":"73","author":"S Gulbenkian","year":"1993","unstructured":"Gulbenkian S, Saetrum Opgaard O, Ekman R, Costa Andrade N, Wharton J, Polak JM, et al. Peptidergic innervation of human epicardial coronary arteries. Circ Res. 1993;73:579\u201388.","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"651_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.113.02517","volume":"63","author":"S-J Smillie","year":"2014","unstructured":"Smillie S-J, King R, Kodji X, Outzen E, Pozsgai G, Fernandes E, et al. An ongoing role of \u03b1-calcitonin gene-related peptide as part of a protective network against hypertension, vascular hypertrophy, and oxidative stress. Hypertension. 2014;63:1056\u201362.","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"651_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1111\/head.14208","volume":"61","author":"DW Dodick","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dodick DW, Tepper SJ, Ailani J, Pannacciulli N, Navetta MS, Loop B, et al. Risk of hypertension in erenumab-treated patients with migraine: analyses of clinical trial and postmarketing data. Headache. 2021;61:1411\u201320.","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"651_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2487","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000010600","volume":"95","author":"PJ Goadsby","year":"2020","unstructured":"Goadsby PJ, Silberstein SD, Yeung PP, Cohen JM, Ning X, Yang R, et al. Long-term safety, tolerability, and efficacy of fremanezumab in migraine. Neurology. 2020;95:e2487\u201399.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"651_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e497","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000008743","volume":"94","author":"D Kudrow","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kudrow D, Pascual J, Winner PK, Dodick DW, Tepper SJ, Reuter U, et al. Vascular safety of erenumab for migraine prevention. Neurology. 2020;94:e497-510.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"651_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2016.06.002","volume":"37","author":"A MaassenVanDenBrink","year":"2016","unstructured":"MaassenVanDenBrink A, Meijer J, Villal\u00f3n CM, Ferrari MD. Wiping out CGRP: potential cardiovascular risks. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2016;37:779\u201388.","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"651_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1177\/03331024221076485","volume":"42","author":"HC Diener","year":"2022","unstructured":"Diener HC, McAllister P, J\u00fcrgens TP, Kessler Y, Ning X, Cohen JM, et al. Safety and tolerability of fremanezumab in patients with episodic and chronic migraine: a pooled analysis of phase 3 studies. Cephalalgia. 2022;42:769\u201380.","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"651_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.1111\/head.13596","volume":"59","author":"RW Evans","year":"2019","unstructured":"Evans RW. Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon associated with calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibody antagonists. Headache. 2019;59:1360\u20134.","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"651_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1111\/head.14234","volume":"62","author":"MJA L\u00e1inez","year":"2022","unstructured":"L\u00e1inez MJA, Schoenen J, Stroud C, Bardos J, Bangs M, Kemmer P, et al. Tolerability and safety of galcanezumab in patients with chronic cluster headache with up to 15 months of galcanezumab treatment. Headache. 2022;62:65\u201377.","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"651_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1111\/head.13684","volume":"60","author":"TM Oakes","year":"2020","unstructured":"Oakes TM, Kovacs R, Rosen N, Doty E, Kemmer P, Aurora SK, et al. Evaluation of cardiovascular outcomes in adult patients with episodic or chronic migraine treated with galcanezumab: data from three phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled EVOLVE-1, EVOLVE-2, and REGAIN studies. Headache. 2020;60:110\u201323.","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"651_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.15198","volume":"29","author":"A Scutelnic","year":"2022","unstructured":"Scutelnic A, Mattle HP, Branca M, Jung S, Reichlin T, Fischer U, et al. Migraine and atrial fibrillation: a systematic review. Eur J Neurol. 2022;29:910\u201320.","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"651_CR53","volume":"11","author":"A Saeed","year":"2019","unstructured":"Saeed A, Rana KF, Warriach ZI, Tariq MA, Malik BH. Association of migraine and ischemic heart disease: a review. Cureus. 2019;11:e5719.","journal-title":"Cureus."},{"key":"651_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2346","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-021-10930-x","volume":"269","author":"CYH Ng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ng CYH, Tan BYQ, Teo YN, Teo YH, Syn NLX, Leow AST, et al. Myocardial infarction, stroke and cardiovascular mortality among migraine patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Neurol. 2022;269:2346\u201358.","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"651_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rottura M, Scondotto G, Barbieri MA, Sorbara EE, Nasso C, Marino S, et al. Management of high cardiovascular risk in diabetic patients: focus on low density lipoprotein cholesterol and appropriate drug use in general practice. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2021;8:749686.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2021.749686"},{"key":"651_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k96","volume":"360","author":"K Adelborg","year":"2018","unstructured":"Adelborg K, Sz\u00e9pligeti SK, Holland-Bill L, Ehrenstein V, Horv\u00e1th-Puh\u00f3 E, Henderson VW, et al. Migraine and risk of cardiovascular diseases: Danish population based matched cohort study. Brit Med J. 2018;360: k96.","journal-title":"Brit Med J."},{"key":"651_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1093\/gastro\/gou054","volume":"3","author":"JWT Toh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Toh JWT, Ong E, Wilson R. Hypomagnesaemia associated with long-term use of proton pump inhibitors. Gastroenterol Rep. 2015;3:243\u201353.","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Rep"},{"key":"651_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215013272096368","DOI":"10.1177\/2150132720963680","volume":"11","author":"DW Dodick","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dodick DW, Shewale AS, Lipton RB, Baum SJ, Marcus SC, Silberstein SD, et al. Migraine patients with cardiovascular disease and contraindications: an analysis of real-world claims data. J Prim Care Community Health. 2020;11:215013272096368.","journal-title":"J Prim Care Community Health"},{"key":"651_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E010720","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.121.010720","volume":"14","author":"L Desta","year":"2021","unstructured":"Desta L, Raposeiras-Roubin S, Ibanez B. The art of prescribing \u03b2-blockers after myocardial infarction. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2021;14:E010720.","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Interv"},{"key":"651_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vidyanti AN, Chan L, Lin CL, Muo CH, Hsu CY, Chen YC, et al. Aspirin better than clopidogrel on major adverse cardiovascular events reduction after ischemic stroke: a retrospective nationwide cohort study. PLoS One. 2019;14:e0221750.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0221750"},{"key":"651_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arcoraci V, Squadrito F, Rottura M, Barbieri MA, Pallio G, Irrera N, et al. Beta-blocker use in older hospitalized patients affected by heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: an Italian survey from the REPOSI Register. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022;9:876693.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.876693"},{"key":"651_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2021.12.010","volume":"44","author":"S Mofid","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mofid S, Bolislis WR, K\u00fchler TC. Real-world data in the postapproval setting as applied by the EMA and the US FDA. Clin Ther. 2022;44:306\u201322.","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"key":"651_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102415580099","volume":"36","author":"N Abu Bakar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Abu Bakar N, Tanprawate S, Lambru G, Torkamani M, Jahanshahi M, Matharu M. Quality of life in primary headache disorders: a review. Cephalalgia. 2016;36:67\u201391.","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"651_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1007\/s40801-021-00278-z","volume":"9","author":"MA Barbieri","year":"2022","unstructured":"Barbieri MA, Sorbara EE, Cicala G, Santoro V, Cutroneo PM, Franchina T, et al. Adverse drug reactions with HER2-positive breast cancer treatment: an analysis from the Italian Pharmacovigilance Database. Drugs Real World Outcomes. 2022;9:91\u2013107.","journal-title":"Drugs Real World Outcomes"},{"key":"651_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03261981","volume":"35","author":"A Pariente","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pariente A, Avillach P, Salvo F, Thiessard F, Miremont-Salam\u00e9 G, Fourrier-Reglat A, et al. Effect of competition bias in safety signal generation. Drug Saf. 2012;35:855\u201364.","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"key":"651_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/s40264-012-0014-6","volume":"36","author":"SN Pal","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pal SN, Duncombe C, Falzon D, Olsson S. WHO strategy for collecting safety data in public health programmes: complementing spontaneous reporting systems. Drug Saf. 2013;36:75\u201381.","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"key":"651_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.2165\/11584390-000000000-00000","volume":"33","author":"H Wang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wang H, Hochberg AM, Pearson RK, Hauben M. An experimental investigation of masking in the US FDA Adverse Event Reporting System Database. Drug Saf. 2010;33:1117\u201333.","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"key":"651_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.01161","volume":"10","author":"MA Barbieri","year":"2019","unstructured":"Barbieri MA, Cicala G, Cutroneo PM, Mocciaro E, Sottosanti L, Freni F, et al. Ototoxic adverse drug reactions: a disproportionality analysis using the Italian spontaneous reporting database. Front Pharmacol. 2019;10:1161.","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"651_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.858279","volume":"13","author":"Y Liu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu Y, Chen C, Rong C, He X, Chen L. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase tyrosine kinase inhibitor-associated cardiotoxicity: a recent five-year pharmacovigilance study. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13: 858279.","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"651_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Raschi E, Moretti U, Salvo F, Pariente A, Cosimo Antonazzo I, De Ponti F, et al. Evolving roles of spontaneous reporting systems to assess and monitor drug safety [Internet]. Pharmacovigilance. IntechOpen; 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5772\/intechopen.79986.","DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.79986"}],"container-title":["BioDrugs"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40259-024-00651-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40259-024-00651-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40259-024-00651-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,8]],"date-time":"2024-03-08T20:09:09Z","timestamp":1709928549000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40259-024-00651-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,25]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}},"alternative-id":["651"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40259-024-00651-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1173-8804","1179-190X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1173-8804","type":"print"},{"value":"1179-190X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 January 2024","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 February 2024","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This research did not receive any specific funding from agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Funding"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Patient Consent to Participate\/Publish"}},{"value":"The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository\/repositories and accession number(s) can be found below: The datasets generated for this study will not be made publicly available. The European dataset in aggregated form is available online at  (accessed on 1 March 2023), while the access to the national, non-aggregated datasets requires the approval of the National Authorities.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Data Availability"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Code Availability"}},{"value":"All authors listed have sufficiently made contribution to the entire content of the manuscript and have given their consent for publication. Project coordination: Edoardo Spina. Acquisition of data: Emanuela Elisa Sorbara and Maria Antonietta Barbieri. Analysis and interpretation of data: Emanuela Elisa Sorbara and Maria Antonietta Barbieri. Writing of the paper: Emanuela Elisa Sorbara and Maria Antonietta Barbieri. Critical revision: Edoardo Spina. Final approval of the version to be published: Emanuela Elisa Sorbara, Maria Antonietta Barbieri, Giulia Russo, Giuseppe Cicala, and Edoardo Spina.","order":8,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Author Contributions"}}]}}