{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T23:40:16Z","timestamp":1768347616802,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,6]],"date-time":"2022-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651795200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,6]],"date-time":"2022-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651795200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003769","name":"Eisai","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Drug Investig"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40261-022-01149-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,6]],"date-time":"2022-05-06T10:12:06Z","timestamp":1651831926000},"page":"15-23","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Management of Liver Decompensation in Advanced Liver Disease (Renal Impairment, Liver Failure, Adrenal Insufficiency, Cardiopulmonary Complications)"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Luis","family":"T\u00e9llez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Guerrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"1149_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.03.024","volume":"69","author":"European Association for the Study of the Liver","year":"2018","unstructured":"European Association for the Study of the Liver. EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of patients with decompensated cirrhosis. J Hepatol. 2018;69(2):406\u201360.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1149_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2014-308874","volume":"64","author":"P Angeli","year":"2015","unstructured":"Angeli P, Gines P, Wong F, et al. Diagnosis and management of acute kidney injury in patients with cirrhosis: revised consensus recommendations of the International Club of Ascites. Gut. 2015;64(4):531\u20137.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"3","key":"1149_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2016.09.156","volume":"15","author":"P Huelin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Huelin P, Piano S, Sol\u00e0 E, et al. Validation of a staging system for acute kidney injury in patients with cirrhosis and association with acute-on-chronic liver failure. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017;15(3):438-445.e5.","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1149_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-018-0022-7","volume":"4","author":"P Gin\u00e8s","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gin\u00e8s P, Sol\u00e0 E, Angeli P, Wong F, Nadim MK, Kamath PS. Hepatorenal syndrome. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2018;4(1):23.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"1149_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.03.015","volume":"57","author":"C Fagundes","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fagundes C, Pepin MN, Guevara M, et al. Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as biomarker in the differential diagnosis of impairment of kidney function in cirrhosis. J Hepatol. 2012;57:267\u201373.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"1149_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2010.236133","volume":"60","author":"F Wong","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wong F, Nadim MK, Kellum JA, et al. Working Party proposal for a revised classification system of renal dysfunction in patients with cirrhosis. Gut. 2011;60:702\u20139.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"4","key":"1149_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1564794","volume":"32","author":"B Erly","year":"2015","unstructured":"Erly B, Carey WD, Kapoor B, McKinney JM, Tam M, Wang W. Hepatorenal syndrome: a review of pathophysiology and current treatment options. Semin Interv Radiol. 2015;32(4):445\u201354.","journal-title":"Semin Interv Radiol"},{"key":"1149_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2009.180570","volume":"59","author":"A Krag","year":"2010","unstructured":"Krag A, Bendtsen F, Henriksen JH, Moller S. Low cardiac output predicts development of hepatorenal syndrome and survival in patients with cirrhosis and ascites. Gut. 2010;59:105\u201310.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"1149_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1404","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.05.011","volume":"73","author":"L T\u00e9llez","year":"2020","unstructured":"T\u00e9llez L, Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez-Samaniego L, del Villar CP, et al. Non-selective beta-blockers impair global homeostasis and renal function in cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites. J Hepatol. 2020;73:1404\u201314.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"1149_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20766","volume":"42","author":"LR del Arbol","year":"2005","unstructured":"del Arbol LR, Monescillo A, Arocena C, et al. Circulatory function and hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis. Hepatology. 2005;42:439\u201347.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"1149_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"m2687","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m2687","volume":"370","author":"DA Simonetto","year":"2020","unstructured":"Simonetto DA, Gines P, Kamath PS. Hepatorenal syndrome: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. BMJ. 2020;370:m2687.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"1149_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S6","DOI":"10.1016\/S1665-2681(19)31600-X","volume":"10","author":"V Arroyo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Arroyo V, Fernandez J. Pathophysiological basis of albumin use in cirrhosis. Ann Hepatol. 2011;10:S6-14.","journal-title":"Ann Hepatol"},{"issue":"4 Pt 1","key":"1149_CR13","first-page":"941","volume":"36","author":"R Ortega","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ortega R, Gin\u00e8s P, Uriz J, et al. Terlipressin therapy with and without albumin for patients with hepatorenal syndrome: results of a prospective, nonrandomized study. Hepatology. 2002;36(4 Pt 1):941\u20138.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"1149_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28396","volume":"63","author":"M Cavallin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cavallin M, Piano S, Romano A, et al. Terlipressin given by continuous intravenous infusion vs. intravenous boluses in the treatment of hepatorenal syndrome: a randomized controlled study. Hepatology. 2016;63:983\u201392.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"11","key":"1149_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1891","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13893","volume":"38","author":"C Sol\u00e9","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sol\u00e9 C, Pose E, Sol\u00e0 E, Gin\u00e8s P. Hepatorenal s\u00edndrome in the era of acute kidney injury. Liver Int. 2018;38(11):1891\u2013901.","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"1149_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.15166","volume":"42","author":"L T\u00e9llez","year":"2022","unstructured":"T\u00e9llez L, Albillos A. Non-selective beta-blockers in patients with ascites: the complex interplay among the liver, kidney and heart. Liver Int. 2022;42(4):749\u201361.","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"1149_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-013-0527-7","volume":"46","author":"A Sourianarayanane","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sourianarayanane A, Raina R, Garg G, McCullough AJ, O\u2019Shea RS. Management and outcome in hepatorenal syndrome: need for renal replacement therapy in non-transplanted patients. Int Urol Nephrol. 2014;46:793\u2013800.","journal-title":"Int Urol Nephrol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1149_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.04.004","volume":"63","author":"C Elia","year":"2015","unstructured":"Elia C, Graupera I, Barreto R, et al. Severe acute kidney injury associated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in cirrhosis: a case\u2013control study. J Hepatol. 2015;63(3):593\u2013600.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"1149_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2137","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1914900","volume":"382","author":"V Arroyo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Arroyo V, Moreau R, Jalan R. Acute-on-chronic liver failure. N Engl J Med. 2020;382:2137\u201345.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"1149_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.02.042","volume":"144","author":"R Moreau","year":"2013","unstructured":"Moreau R, Jalan R, Gines P, CANONIC Study Investigators of the EASL\u2013CLIF Consortium, et al. Acute-on-chronic liver failure is a distinct syndrome that develops in patients with acute decompensation of cirrhosis. Gastroenterology. 2013;144(7):1426\u201337 (1437.e1-9).","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"1","key":"1149_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27849","volume":"62","author":"T Gustot","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gustot T, Fernandez J, Garcia E, CANONIC Study Investigators of the EASL-CLIF Consortium, et al. Clinical course of acute-on-chronic liver failure syndrome and effects on prognosis. Hepatology. 2015;62(1):243\u201352.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"1149_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0036-1583202","volume":"36","author":"V Arroyo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Arroyo V, Jalan R. Acute-on-chronic liver failure: definition, diagnosis, and clinical characteristics. Semin Liver Dis. 2016;36:109\u201316.","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis"},{"key":"1149_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2014.11.045","volume":"62","author":"V Arroyo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Arroyo V, Moreau R, Jalan R, Gines P. Acute-on-chronic liver failure: a new syndrome that will re-classify cirrhosis. J Hepatol. 2015;62:S131\u201343.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"1149_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16041","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2016.41","volume":"2","author":"V Arroyo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Arroyo V, Moreau R, Kamath PS, et al. Acute on-chronic liver failure in cirrhosis. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2016;2:16041.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"issue":"2","key":"1149_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.03.026","volume":"75","author":"J Mart\u00ednez","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez J, Hern\u00e1ndez-Gea V, Rodr\u00edguez-de-Santiago E, et al. Bacterial infections in patients with acute variceal bleeding in the era of antibiotic prophylaxis. J Hepatol. 2021;75(2):342\u201350.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1149_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.04.024","volume":"73","author":"J Trebicka","year":"2020","unstructured":"Trebicka J, Gu W, Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez-Samaniego L, et al. Rebleeding and mortality risk are increased by ACLF but reduced by pre-emptive TIPS. J Hepatol. 2020;73(5):1082\u201391.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"1149_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2016-312670","volume":"66","author":"R Hernaez","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hernaez R, Sola E, Moreau R, Gines P. Acute-on-chronic liver failure: an update. Gut. 2017;66:541\u201353.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"3","key":"1149_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26185","volume":"57","author":"R Ba\u00f1ares","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ba\u00f1ares R, Nevens F, Larsen FS, et al. Extracorporeal albumin dialysis with the molecular adsorbent recirculating system in acute-on-chronic liver failure: the RELIEF trial. Hepatology. 2013;57(3):1153\u201362.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"1149_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.12.056","volume":"142","author":"A Kribben","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kribben A, Gerken G, Haag S, et al. Effects of fractionated plasma separation and adsorption on survival in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure. Gastroenterology. 2012;142(4):782-789.e3.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"5","key":"1149_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2018.12.007","volume":"156","author":"V Sundaram","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sundaram V, Jalan R, Wu T, et al. Factors associated with survival of patients with severe acute-on-chronic liver failure before and after liver transplantation. Gastroenterology. 2019;156(5):1381-1391.e3.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"3","key":"1149_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.03.030","volume":"75","author":"LS Belli","year":"2021","unstructured":"Belli LS, Duvoux C, Artzner T, et al. Liver transplantation for patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) in Europe: results of the ELITA\/EF-CLIF collaborative study (ECLIS). J Hepatol. 2021;75(3):610\u201322.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1149_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000003364","volume":"105","author":"E Weiss","year":"2021","unstructured":"Weiss E, Saner F, Asrani SK, et al. When is a critically ill cirrhotic patient too sick to transplant? Development of consensus criteria by a multidisciplinary panel of 35 international experts. Transplantation. 2021;105(3):561\u20138.","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"issue":"5","key":"1149_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2009.02589.x","volume":"9","author":"D Fil\u00ec","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fil\u00ec D, Vizzini G, Biondo D, et al. Clinical burden of screening asymptomatic patients for coronary artery disease prior to liver transplantation. Am J Transplant. 2009;9(5):1151\u20137.","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"issue":"2","key":"1149_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2021-324698","volume":"71","author":"K Jackson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jackson K, Davidson R, Aujayeb A. Hepatic hydrothorax in the management of cirrhosis. Gut. 2022;71(2):446\u20137.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"11","key":"1149_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2164","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14200","volume":"39","author":"A Jindal","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jindal A, Mukund A, Kumar G, Sarin SK. Efficacy and safety of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in difficult-to-manage hydrothorax in cirrhosis. Liver Int. 2019;39(11):2164\u201373.","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"issue":"7","key":"1149_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000001229","volume":"100","author":"MJ Krowka","year":"2016","unstructured":"Krowka MJ, Fallon MB, Kawut SM, et al. International liver transplant society practice guidelines: diagnosis and management of hepatopulmonary syndrome and portopulmonary hypertension. Transplantation. 2016;100(7):1440\u201352.","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"issue":"3","key":"1149_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1097\/MOG.0000000000000067","volume":"30","author":"DG Koch","year":"2014","unstructured":"Koch DG, Fallon MB. Hepatopulmonary syndrome. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2014;30(3):260\u20134.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"10","key":"1149_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.13662","volume":"34","author":"AR Tonelli","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tonelli AR, Naal T, Dakkak W, Park MM, Dweik RA, Stoller JK. Assessing the kinetics of microbubble appearance in cirrhotic patients using transthoracic saline contrast-enhanced echocardiography. Echocardiography. 2017;34(10):1439\u201346.","journal-title":"Echocardiography"},{"issue":"2","key":"1149_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2018.09.017","volume":"30","author":"J Tsauo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tsauo J, Zhao H, Zhang X, et al. Effect of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt creation on pulmonary gas exchange in patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome: a prospective study. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2019;30(2):170\u20137.","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1149_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2014.01.005","volume":"146","author":"DS Goldberg","year":"2014","unstructured":"Goldberg DS, Krok K, Batra S, Trotter JF, Kawut SM, Fallon MB. Impact of the hepatopulmonary syndrome MELD exception policy on outcomes of patients after liver transplantation: an analysis of the UNOS database. Gastroenterology. 2014;146(5):1256-65.e1.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"1","key":"1149_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1801913","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01913-2018","volume":"53","author":"G Simonneau","year":"2019","unstructured":"Simonneau G, Montani D, Celermajer DS, et al. Haemodynamic definitions and updated clinical classification of pulmonary hypertension. Eur Respir J. 2019;53(1):1801913.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"5","key":"1149_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2008.10.037","volume":"103","author":"M Sharma","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sharma M, Yong C, Majure D, et al. Safety of cardiac catheterization in patients with end-stage liver disease awaiting liver transplantation. Am J Cardiol. 2009;103(5):742\u20136.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"1149_CR43","first-page":"324","volume":"215","author":"L T\u00e9llez","year":"2015","unstructured":"T\u00e9llez L, Mart\u00ednez J, Moreira V, Albillos A. Pulmonary hypertension and hepatic cirrhosis. Revista Cl\u00ednica Espa\u00f1ola (English Edition). 2015;215:324\u201330.","journal-title":"Revista Cl\u00ednica Espa\u00f1ola (English Edition)"},{"issue":"1","key":"1149_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1802148","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02148-2018","volume":"53","author":"N Gali\u00e8","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gali\u00e8 N, McLaughlin VV, Rubin LJ, Simonneau G. An overview of the 6th World Symposium on Pulmonary Hypertension. Eur Respir J. 2019;53(1):1802148.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"7","key":"1149_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.25747","volume":"26","author":"M Krowka","year":"2020","unstructured":"Krowka M, Cottreel E, Hoeper MM, et al. Macitentan improves risk categorization for liver transplant mortality in patients with portopulmonary hypertension: A PORTICO study post hoc analysis. Liver Transpl. 2020;26(7):935\u201340.","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"1149_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1136\/heart.87.1.9","volume":"87","author":"S Moller","year":"2002","unstructured":"Moller S, Henriksen JH. Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy: a pathophysiological review of circulatory dysfunction in liver disease. Heart. 2002;87:9\u201315.","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"1149_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.08.027","volume":"58","author":"A Nazar","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nazar A, Guevara M, Sitges M, et al. LEFT ventricular function assessed by echocardiography in cirrhosis: relationship to systemic hemodynamics and renal dysfunction. J Hepatol. 2013;58:51\u20137.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"1149_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1732","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26509","volume":"58","author":"L Ruiz-del-Arbol","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ruiz-del-Arbol L, Achecar L, Serradilla R, et al. Diastolic dysfunction is a predictor of poor outcomes in patients with cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and a normal creatinine. Hepatology. 2013;58:1732\u201341.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"1149_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.3350\/kjhep.2010.16.4.376","volume":"16","author":"MY Kim","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kim MY, Baik SK, Won CS, et al. Dobutamine stress echocardiography for evaluating cirrhotic cardiomyopathy in liver cirrhosis. Korean J Hepatol. 2010;16:376\u201382.","journal-title":"Korean J Hepatol"},{"key":"1149_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e109179","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0109179","volume":"9","author":"A Krag","year":"2014","unstructured":"Krag A, Bendtsen F, Dahl EK, Kjaer A, Petersen CL, Moller S. Cardiac function in patients with early cirrhosis during maximal beta-adrenergic drive: a dobutamine stress study. PLoS\u00a0One. 2014;9:e109179.","journal-title":"PLoS\u00a0One"},{"issue":"3","key":"1149_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"G253","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00402.2018","volume":"317","author":"S Wiese","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wiese S, Hove JD, Mo S, et al. Cardiac dysfunction in cirrhosis: a 2-yr longitudinal follow-up study using advanced cardiac imaging. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2019;317(3):G253\u201363.","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"1149_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.06.012","volume":"352","author":"J Zhao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhao J, Qi X, Hou F, Ning Z, Zhang X, Deng H, et al. Prevalence, risk factors and in-hospital outcomes of QTc interval prolongation in liver cirrhosis. Am J Med Sci. 2016;352:285\u201395.","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"1149_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.24987","volume":"24","author":"R Yotti","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yotti R, Ripoll C, Bermejo J, Ba\u00f1ares R. Cardiac function, a key component in evaluation for liver transplant. Liver Transpl. 2018;24(1):7\u20138.","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"issue":"6","key":"1149_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1928","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30934","volume":"70","author":"C Billey","year":"2019","unstructured":"Billey C, Billet S, Robic MA, Cognet T, Guillaume M, Vinel JP, et al. A prospective study identifying predictive factors of cardiac decompensation after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: the toulouse algorithm. Hepatology. 2019;70(6):1928\u201341.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"1149_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21101","volume":"43","author":"MH Tsai","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tsai MH, Peng YS, Chen YC, et al. Adrenal insufficiency in patients with cirrhosis, severe sepsis and septic shock. Hepatology. 2006;43:673\u201381.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"1149_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21352","volume":"44","author":"J Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fern\u00e1ndez J, Escorsell A, Zabalza M, et al. Adrenal insufficiency in patients with cirrhosis and septic shock: effect of treatment with hydrocortisone on survival. Hepatology. 2006;44:1288\u201395.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"1149_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2019.09.035","volume":"18","author":"S Piano","year":"2020","unstructured":"Piano S, Favaretto E, Tonon M, et al. Including relative adrenal insufficiency in definition and classification of acute on chronic liver failure. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020;18(5):1188\u201396.","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1149_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1757","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26535","volume":"58","author":"J Acevedo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Acevedo J, Fern\u00e1ndez J, Prado V, et al. Relative adrenal insufficiency in decompensated cirrhosis: relationship to short-term risk of severe sepsis, hepatorenal syndrome, and death. Hepatology. 2013;58(5):1757\u201365.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"8","key":"1149_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1177\/1060028019900266","volume":"54","author":"T Vu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vu T, Vallabh M, Laine G. Adrenal insufficiency and response to stress dose hydrocortisone in patients with cirrhosis and vasopressor dependency using cirrhosis-specific cortisol thresholds. Ann Pharmacother. 2020;54(8):742\u20139.","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"issue":"7","key":"1149_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(19)30091-8","volume":"7","author":"Olivier Sitbon","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sibon O, Bosch J, Cottreel E, et al. Macitentan for the treatment of portopulmonary hypertension (PORTICO): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 4 trial. Lancet Respir Med. 2019;7(7):594\u2013604.","journal-title":"The Lancet Respiratory Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"1149_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1209655","volume":"369","author":"Hossein-Ardeschir Ghofrani","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ghofrani HA, Gali\u00e8 N, Grimminger F, et al., PATENT-1 Study Group. Riociguat for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. N Engl J Med. 2013;369(4):330\u201340.","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"}],"container-title":["Clinical Drug Investigation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40261-022-01149-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40261-022-01149-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40261-022-01149-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,17]],"date-time":"2022-06-17T10:22:01Z","timestamp":1655461321000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40261-022-01149-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,6]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"S1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]}},"alternative-id":["1149"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40261-022-01149-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1173-2563","1179-1918"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1173-2563","type":"print"},{"value":"1179-1918","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 March 2022","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 May 2022","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This article has been published as part of a journal supplement wholly funded by Eisai.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclosure statement"}},{"value":"Support for medical writing assistance was funded by Eisai Farmac\u00e9utica. S.A.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Funding"}},{"value":"Luis T\u00e9llez and Antonio Guerrero declare they have no conflicts of interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This article was based on previously conducted studies and does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":8,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Availability of data and material"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":9,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Code availability"}},{"value":"All authors contributed to the conception and design, analysis and interpretation of data, drafting the article and revising it critically for important intellectual content, and final approval of the version to be published.","order":10,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Authors\u2019 contributions"}}]}}