{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T20:27:43Z","timestamp":1788640063923,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]],"date-time":"2022-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653436800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]],"date-time":"2022-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653436800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Drug Investig"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40261-022-01160-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]],"date-time":"2022-05-25T16:09:20Z","timestamp":1653494960000},"page":"501-511","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Cost Effectiveness of Dapagliflozin Added to Standard of Care for the Management of Diabetic Nephropathy in the USA"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Tadesse M.","family":"Abegaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vakaramoko","family":"Diaby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatimah","family":"Sherbeny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0535-6300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Askal Ayalew","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"1160_CR1","first-page":"1","volume":"12","author":"Y Deng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Deng Y, Li N, Wu Y, Wang M, Yang S, Zheng Y, et al. Global, regional, and national burden of diabetes-related chronic kidney disease from 1990 to 2019. Front Endocrinol. 2021;12:1\u201315.","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"issue":"Suppl_2","key":"1160_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S194","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-s249","volume":"31","author":"S Basi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Basi S, Fesler P, Mimran A, Lewis JB. Microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes and hypertension: a marker, treatment target, or innocent bystander? Diabetes Care. 2008;31(Suppl_2):S194-201.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"1160_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.2147\/IJNRD.S40172","volume":"7","author":"AK Lim","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lim AK. Diabetic nephropathy: complications and treatment. Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis. 2014;7:361\u201381.","journal-title":"Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis."},{"issue":"4","key":"1160_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-200304000-00002","volume":"325","author":"AJ Collins","year":"2003","unstructured":"Collins AJ. Cardiovascular mortality in end-stage renal disease. Am J Med Sci. 2003;325(4):163\u20137.","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"key":"1160_CR5","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control Prevention. Chronic kidney disease surveillance system: United States. website. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/kidneydisease\/publications-resources\/ckd-national-facts.html. Accessed 7 Apr 2022."},{"key":"1160_CR6","unstructured":"Center for Disease Prevention and Control. Chronic kidney disease basics. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/kidneydisease\/basics.html. Accessed 16 Dec 2021."},{"issue":"1","key":"1160_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/S1056-8727(03)00035-7","volume":"18","author":"A Gordois","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gordois A, Scuffham P, Shearer A, Oglesby A. The health care costs of diabetic nephropathy in the United States and the United Kingdom. J Diabetes Complicat. 2004;18(1):18\u201326.","journal-title":"J Diabetes Complicat"},{"issue":"7201","key":"1160_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.319.7201.24","volume":"319","author":"ER Mathiesen","year":"1999","unstructured":"Mathiesen ER, Hommel E, Hansen HP, Smidt UM, Parving H-H. Randomised controlled trial of long term efficacy of captopril on preservation of kidney function in normotensive patients with insulin dependent diabetes and microalbuminuria. BMJ. 1999;319(7201):24\u20135.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"1160_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.1.164","volume":"28","author":"JL Gross","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gross JL, De Azevedo MJ, Silveiro SP, Canani LH, Caramori ML, Zelmanovitz T. Diabetic nephropathy: diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. Diabetes Care. 2005;28(1):164\u201376.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"1160_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.06.019","volume":"98","author":"IH de Boer","year":"2020","unstructured":"de Boer IH, Caramori ML, Chan JC, Heerspink HJ, Hurst C, Khunti K, et al. KDIGO 2020 clinical practice guideline for diabetes management in chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2020;98(4):S1-115.","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"1160_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0000000000000311","volume":"24","author":"DS Hsia","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hsia DS, Grove O, Cefalu WT. An update on SGLT2 inhibitors for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2017;24(1):73.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes"},{"issue":"24","key":"1160_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2295","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1811744","volume":"380","author":"V Perkovic","year":"2019","unstructured":"Perkovic V, Jardine MJ, Neal B, Bompoint S, Heerspink HJ, Charytan DM, et al. Canagliflozin and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes and nephropathy. N Engl J Med. 2019;380(24):2295\u2013306.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"1160_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12654","volume":"18","author":"HJ Heerspink","year":"2016","unstructured":"Heerspink HJ, Johnsson E, Gause-Nilsson I, Cain VA, Sj\u00f6str\u00f6m CD. Dapagliflozin reduces albuminuria in patients with diabetes and hypertension receiving renin-angiotensin blockers. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2016;18(6):590\u20137.","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"1160_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(19)30086-5","volume":"7","author":"C Pollock","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pollock C, Stef\u00e1nsson B, Reyner D, Rossing P, Sj\u00f6str\u00f6m CD, Wheeler DC, et al. Albuminuria-lowering effect of dapagliflozin alone and in combination with saxagliptin and effect of dapagliflozin and saxagliptin on glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease (DELIGHT): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2019;7(6):429\u201341.","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1160_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2021.03.351","volume":"6","author":"P McEwan","year":"2021","unstructured":"McEwan P, Darlington O, Wheeler D, Heerspink H, Bergenheim K, Sanchez JG. POS-335 Cost-effectiveness of dapagliflozin as a treatment for chronic kidney disease: a health-economic analysis of DAPA-CKD. Kidney Int Rep. 2021;6(4):S145\u20136.","journal-title":"Kidney Int Rep."},{"key":"1160_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-021-07311-5","author":"RL Tisdale","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tisdale RL, Cusick MM, Aluri KZ, Handley TJ, Joyner AK, Salomon JA, et al. Cost-effectiveness of dapagliflozin for non-diabetic chronic kidney disease. J Gen Intern Med. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11606-021-07311-5.","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"sup1","key":"1160_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S5","DOI":"10.1185\/030079904X1980","volume":"20","author":"AJ Palmer","year":"2004","unstructured":"Palmer AJ, Roze S, Valentine WJ, Minshall ME, Foos V, Lurati FM, et al. The CORE Diabetes Model: projecting long-term clinical outcomes, costs and costeffectiveness of interventions in diabetes mellitus (types 1 and 2) to support clinical and reimbursement decision-making. Curr Med Res Opin. 2004;20(sup1):S5-26.","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"issue":"12","key":"1160_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1007\/s40273-019-00835-z","volume":"37","author":"DM Sugrue","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sugrue DM, Ward T, Rai S, McEwan P, van Haalen HG. Economic modelling of chronic kidney disease: a systematic literature review to inform conceptual model design. Pharmacoeconomics. 2019;37(12):1451\u201368.","journal-title":"Pharmacoeconomics"},{"issue":"23","key":"1160_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199912023412303","volume":"341","author":"RA Wolfe","year":"1999","unstructured":"Wolfe RA, Ashby VB, Milford EL, Ojo AO, Ettenger RE, Agodoa LY, et al. Comparison of mortality in all patients on dialysis, patients on dialysis awaiting transplantation, and recipients of a first cadaveric transplant. N Engl J Med. 1999;341(23):1725\u201330.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"1160_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-2112","volume":"37","author":"Nathan DM; DCCT\/EDIC Research Group","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nathan DM; DCCT\/EDIC Research Group. The diabetes control and complications trial\/epidemiology of diabetes interventions and complications study at 30 years: overview. Diabetes Care. 2014;37(1):9\u201316.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"1160_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2003.00712.x","volume":"63","author":"AI Adler","year":"2003","unstructured":"Adler AI, Stevens RJ, Manley SE, Bilous RW, Cull CA, Holman RR, et al. Development and progression of nephropathy in type 2 diabetes: the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS 64). Kidney Int. 2003;63(1):225\u201332.","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"1160_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(96)90538-7","volume":"27","author":"E Ritz","year":"1996","unstructured":"Ritz E, Stefanski A. Diabetic nephropathy in type II diabetes. Am J Kidney Dis. 1996;27(2):167\u201394.","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"4 Suppl. 1","key":"1160_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A7","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2021.01.002","volume":"77","author":"KL Johansen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Johansen KL, Chertow GM, Foley RN, Gilbertson DT, Herzog CA, Ishani A, et al. US renal data system 2020 annual data report: epidemiology of kidney disease in the United States. Am J Kidney Dis. 2021;77(4 Suppl. 1):A7-8.","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"16","key":"1160_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1861","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1976.03270170027020","volume":"236","author":"MJ Kussman","year":"1976","unstructured":"Kussman MJ, Goldstein HH, Gleason RE. The clinical course of diabetic nephropathy. JAMA. 1976;236(16):1861\u20133.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"1160_CR25","unstructured":"TreeAge Pro 2021, R1. TreeAge software, Williamstown, MA. http:\/\/www.treeage.com. Accessed 17 May 2022."},{"issue":"6","key":"1160_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2010.06.013","volume":"32","author":"C Boersma","year":"2010","unstructured":"Boersma C, Gansevoort RT, Pechlivanoglou P, Visser ST, van Toly FF, de Jong PE, et al. Screen-and-treat strategies for albuminuria to prevent cardiovascular and renal disease: cost-effectiveness of nationwide and targeted interventions based on analysis of cohort data from the Netherlands. Clin Ther. 2010;32(6):1103\u201321.","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"issue":"7020","key":"1160_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1595","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.311.7020.1595","volume":"311","author":"BA Kiberd","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kiberd BA, Jindal KK. Screening to prevent renal failure in insulin dependent diabetic patients: an economic evaluation. BMJ. 1995;311(7020):1595\u20139.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"1160_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.12653","volume":"9","author":"B Wu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wu B, Zhang S, Lin H, Mou S. Prevention of renal failure in Chinese patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: a cost-effectiveness analysis. J Diabetes Investig. 2018;9(1):152\u201361.","journal-title":"J Diabetes Investig."},{"issue":"1","key":"1160_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0012.2011.01411.x","volume":"26","author":"J Beckwith","year":"2012","unstructured":"Beckwith J, Nyman JA, Flanagan B, Schrover R, Schuurman HJ. A health economic analysis of clinical islet transplantation. Clin Transplant. 2012;26(1):23\u201333.","journal-title":"Clin Transplant"},{"issue":"7\u20138","key":"1160_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1K074","volume":"41","author":"HM Campbell","year":"2007","unstructured":"Campbell HM, Boardman KD, Dodd MA, Raisch DW. Pharmacoeconomic analysis of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in type 2 diabetes: a Markov model. Ann Pharmacother. 2007;41(7\u20138):1101\u201310.","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother."},{"issue":"4","key":"1160_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.12371","volume":"31","author":"P Thokala","year":"2014","unstructured":"Thokala P, Kruger J, Brennan A, Basarir H, Duenas A, Pandor A, et al. Assessing the cost-effectiveness of type 1 diabetes interventions: the Sheffield Type 1 Diabetes Policy Model. Diabet Med. 2014;31(4):477\u201386.","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"1160_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/s10729-008-9056-9","volume":"11","author":"M Airoldi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Airoldi M, Bevan G, Morton A, Oliveira M, Smith J. Requisite models for strategic commissioning: the example of type 1 diabetes. Health Care Manag Sci. 2008;11(2):89\u2013110.","journal-title":"Health Care Manag Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"1160_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.02.022","volume":"92","author":"TW Ferguson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ferguson TW, Tangri N, Tan Z, James MT, Lavallee BD, Chartrand CD, et al. Screening for chronic kidney disease in Canadian indigenous peoples is cost-effective. Kidney Int. 2017;92(1):192\u2013200.","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"1160_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1017\/S026646230505004X","volume":"21","author":"JG Gonzalez-Perez","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gonzalez-Perez JG, Vale L, Stearns SC, Wordsworth S. Hemodialysis for end-stage renal disease: a cost-effectiveness analysis of treatment options. Int J Technol Assess Health Care. 2005;21(1):32\u20139.","journal-title":"Int J Technol Assess Health Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"1160_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1797.2008.01073.x","volume":"14","author":"K Howard","year":"2009","unstructured":"Howard K, Salkeld G, White S, Mcdonald S, Chadban S, Craig JC, et al. The cost-effectiveness of increasing kidney transplantation and home-based dialysis. Nephrology. 2009;14(1):123\u201332.","journal-title":"Nephrology"},{"issue":"12","key":"1160_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2856","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.12.2856","volume":"28","author":"H Zhou","year":"2005","unstructured":"Zhou H, Isaman DJ, Messinger S, Brown MB, Klein R, Brandle M, et al. A computer simulation model of diabetes progression, quality of life, and cost. Diabetes Care. 2005;28(12):2856\u201363.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"8","key":"1160_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1897","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.8.1897","volume":"27","author":"AJ Palmer","year":"2004","unstructured":"Palmer AJ, Annemans L, Roze S, Lamotte M, Lapuerta P, Chen R, et al. Cost-effectiveness of early irbesartan treatment versus control (standard antihypertensive medications excluding ACE inhibitors, other angiotensin-2 receptor antagonists, and dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers) or late irbesartan treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and renal disease. Diabetes Care. 2004;27(8):1897\u2013903.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"1160_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-015-1134-x","volume":"19","author":"R Okubo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Okubo R, Kondo M, Hoshi SL, Yamagata K. Cost-effectiveness of obstructive sleep apnea screening for patients with diabetes or chronic kidney disease. Sleep Breath. 2015;19(3):1081\u201392.","journal-title":"Sleep Breath."},{"issue":"2","key":"1160_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1017\/S0266462300105045","volume":"17","author":"L Kirby","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kirby L, Vale L. Dialysis for end-stage renal disease: determining a cost-effective approach. Int J Technol Assess Health Care. 2001;17(2):181\u20139.","journal-title":"Int J Technol Assess Health Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"1160_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.14740\/jocmr2817w","volume":"9","author":"E Pike","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pike E, Hamidi V, Ringerike T, Wisloff T, Klemp M. More use of peritoneal dialysis gives significant savings: a systematic review and health economic decision model. J Clin Med Res. 2017;9(2):104.","journal-title":"J Clin Med Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"1160_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1111\/nep.12668","volume":"21","author":"F Yang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yang F, Lau T, Luo N. Cost-effectiveness of haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis for patients with end-stage renal disease in Singapore. Nephrology. 2016;21(8):669\u201377.","journal-title":"Nephrology"},{"issue":"12","key":"1160_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.12.034","volume":"61","author":"KF Erickson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Erickson KF, Japa S, Owens DK, Chertow GM, Garber AM, Goldhaber-Fiebert JD. Cost-effectiveness of statins for primary cardiovascular prevention in chronic kidney disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;61(12):1250\u20138.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1160_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2369-8-9","volume":"8","author":"KJ Littlewood","year":"2007","unstructured":"Littlewood KJ, Greiner W, Baum D, Zoellner Y. Adjunctive treatment with moxonidine versus nitrendipine for hypertensive patients with advanced renal failure: a cost-effectiveness analysis. BMC Nephrol. 2007;8(1):1\u20138.","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"issue":"12","key":"1160_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2959","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-020-00941-8","volume":"11","author":"H Ishii","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ishii H, Nakajima H, Kamei N, Niiya T, Hiyoshi T, Hiramori Y, et al. Quality-of-life comparison of dapagliflozin versus dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial (J-BOND study). Diabetes Ther. 2020;11(12):2959\u201377.","journal-title":"Diabetes Ther."},{"issue":"4","key":"1160_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1111\/ijcp.12341","volume":"68","author":"S Grandy","year":"2014","unstructured":"Grandy S, Langkilde AM, Sugg JE, Parikh S, Sj\u00f6str\u00f6m CD. Health-related quality of life (EQ-5D) among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients treated with dapagliflozin over 2 years. Int J Clin Pract. 2014;68(4):486\u201394.","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pract"},{"issue":"11","key":"1160_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0165675","volume":"11","author":"MD Jesky","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jesky MD, Dutton M, Dasgupta I, Yadav P, Ng KP, Fenton A, et al. Health-related quality of life impacts mortality but not progression to end-stage renal disease in pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease: a prospective observational study. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(11): e0165675.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"1160_CR47","volume":"9","author":"M Wyld","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wyld M, Morton RL, Hayen A, Howard K, Webster AC. A systematic review and meta-analysis of utility-based quality of life in chronic kidney disease treatments. PLoS ONE. 2012;9: e1001307.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"11","key":"1160_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1777","DOI":"10.1185\/030079905X65277","volume":"21","author":"AJ Lee","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lee AJ, Morgan CL, Conway P, Currie CJ. Characterisation and comparison of health-related quality of life for patients with renal failure. Curr Med Res Opin. 2005;21(11):1777\u201383.","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"1160_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.684960","volume":"12","author":"WQ Lin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lin WQ, Cai ZJ, Chen T, Liu MB, Li N, Zheng B. Cost-effectiveness of dipeptidylpeptidase-4 inhibitors added to metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes in China. Front Endocrinol. 2021;12: 684960.","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1160_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2013.09.001","volume":"38","author":"S Harris","year":"2014","unstructured":"Harris S, Mamdani M, Galbo-J\u00f8rgensen CB, B\u00f8gelund M, Gundgaard J, Groleau D. The effect of hypoglycemia on health-related quality of life: Canadian results from a multinational time trade-off survey. Can J Diabetes. 2014;38(1):45\u201352.","journal-title":"Can J Diabetes"},{"issue":"1","key":"1160_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-018-0994-8","volume":"16","author":"N Paracha","year":"2018","unstructured":"Paracha N, Abdulla A, MacGilchrist KS. Systematic review of health state utility values in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer with a focus on previously treated patients. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2018;16(1):1\u201330.","journal-title":"Health Qual Life Outcomes"},{"issue":"1","key":"1160_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-11-90","volume":"11","author":"M Evans","year":"2013","unstructured":"Evans M, Khunti K, Mamdani M, Galbo-J\u00f8rgensen CB, Gundgaard J, B\u00f8gelund M, et al. Health-related quality of life associated with daytime and nocturnal hypoglycaemic events: a time trade-off survey in five countries. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2013;11(1):1\u20139.","journal-title":"Health Qual Life Outcomes"},{"issue":"1","key":"1160_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-016-0259-5","volume":"16","author":"JE Tarride","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tarride JE, Burke N, Leslie WD, Morin SN, Adachi JD, Papaioannou A, et al. Loss of health-related quality of life following low-trauma fractures in the elderly. BMC Geriatr. 2016;16(1):1\u20131.","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"1160_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-020-00968-x","volume":"12","author":"M Willis","year":"2021","unstructured":"Willis M, Nilsson A, Kellerborg K, Ball P, Roe R, Traina S, et al. Cost-effectiveness of canagliflozin added to standard of care for treating diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in England: estimates using the CREDEM-DKD model. Diabetes Ther. 2021;12(1):313\u201328.","journal-title":"Diabetes Ther."},{"issue":"8","key":"1160_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989X16658660","volume":"36","author":"T Peasgood","year":"2016","unstructured":"Peasgood T, Brennan A, Mansell P, Elliott J, Basarir H, Kruger J. The impact of diabetes-related complications on preference-based measures of health-related quality of life in adults with type I diabetes. Med Decis Making. 2016;36(8):1020\u201333.","journal-title":"Med Decis Making"},{"key":"1160_CR56","unstructured":"Medicare Part D: drug spending and utilization, calendar years 2015\u20132019."},{"key":"1160_CR57","unstructured":"World Bank, Constant GDP per capita for the United States [NYGDPPCAPKDUSA], retrieved from Federal Reserve Economic Data (FRED), Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. https:\/\/fred.stlouisfed.org\/series\/NYGDPPCAPKDUSA. Accessed 23 May 2022."},{"key":"1160_CR58","unstructured":"United States Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. Medical care component. Consumer price index. https:\/\/www.bls.gov\/cpi\/. Accessed 7 Apr 2022."},{"issue":"10","key":"1160_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.12195","volume":"316","author":"GD Sanders","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sanders GD, Neumann PJ, Basu A, Brock DW, Feeny D, Krahn M, et al. Recommendations for conduct, methodological practices, and reporting of cost-effectiveness analyses: second panel on cost-effectiveness in health and medicine. JAMA. 2016;316(10):1093\u2013103.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"6","key":"1160_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0012.2008.00869.x","volume":"22","author":"EJ Gordon","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gordon EJ, Prohaska TR, Sehgal AR. The financial impact of immunosuppressant expenses on new kidney transplant recipients. Clin Transplant. 2008;22(6):738\u201348.","journal-title":"Clin Transplant"},{"issue":"11","key":"1160_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2147","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1978","volume":"22","author":"P McEwan","year":"2020","unstructured":"McEwan P, Darlington O, McMurray JJ, Jhund PS, Docherty KF, B\u00f6hm M, et al. Cost-effectiveness of dapagliflozin as a treatment for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: a multinational health-economic analysis of DAPA-HF. Eur J Heart Fail. 2020;22(11):2147\u201356.","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"issue":"6","key":"1160_CR62","first-page":"455","volume":"18","author":"R Goeree","year":"1995","unstructured":"Goeree R, Manalich J, Grootendorst P, Beecroft ML, Churchill DN. Cost analysis of dialysis treatments for end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Clin Invest Med. 1995;18(6):455\u201364.","journal-title":"Clin Invest Med"},{"key":"1160_CR63","unstructured":"Statista. Average amount charged for a kidney transplant in the U.S. as of 2020, by category (in U.S. dollars): average amount charged for kidney transplant sub-procedures in the U.S. 2020. https:\/\/www.statista.com\/statistics\/1100710\/organ-transplantation-costs-breakdown-us\/. Accessed 7 Apr 2022."},{"key":"1160_CR64","unstructured":"National Average Drug Acquisition Cost (NADAC) weekly reference data. https:\/\/data.medicaid.gov\/Drug-Pricing-and-Payment\/NADAC-National-Average-Drug-Acquisition-Cost-\/a4y5-998d. Accessed 30 June 2021."},{"key":"1160_CR65","unstructured":"United States Renal Data System. 2020 Annual data report: epidemiology of kidney disease in the United States. Bethesda (MD): National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; 2020."},{"key":"1160_CR66","unstructured":"United States Renal Data System (USRDS). Healthcare expenditures for persons with CKD. https:\/\/adr.usrds.org\/2020\/chronic-kidney-disease\/6-healthcare-expenditures-for-persons-with-ckd. Accessed 13 Feb 2022."},{"issue":"1","key":"1160_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-017-2303-3","volume":"17","author":"MN Ozieh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ozieh MN, Bishu KG, Dismuke CE, Egede LE. Trends in healthcare expenditure in United States adults with chronic kidney disease: 2002\u20132011. BMC Health Serv Res. 2017;17(1):1\u20139.","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"1160_CR68","unstructured":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. Average outpatients visit in US approaching $500. ScienceDaily. 17 December 2018. www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2018\/12\/181217081825.htm. Accessed 7 Apr 2022."},{"key":"1160_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2020.08.017","volume":"322","author":"R Krittayaphong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Krittayaphong R, Permsuwan U. Cost-utility analysis of add-on dapagliflozin treatment in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Int J Cardiol. 2021;322:183\u201390.","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"1160_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.2337\/dc17-1379","volume":"41","author":"D Desai","year":"2018","unstructured":"Desai D, Mehta D, Mathias P, Menon G, Schubart UK. Health care utilization and burden of diabetic ketoacidosis in the US over the past decade: a nationwide analysis. Diabetes Care. 2018;41(8):1631\u20138.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"1160_CR71","first-page":"20","volume":"4","author":"K Bergenheim","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bergenheim K, Williams SA, Bergeson JG, Stern L, Sriprasert M. US cost-effectiveness of saxagliptin in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Am J Pharm Benefits. 2012;4(1):20\u20138.","journal-title":"Am J Pharm Benefits."},{"issue":"3","key":"1160_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1080\/13696998.2016.1259167","volume":"20","author":"TB Amos","year":"2017","unstructured":"Amos TB, Montejano L, Juneau P, Bolge SC. Healthcare costs of urinary tract infections and genital mycotic infections among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus initiated on canagliflozin: a retrospective cohort study. J Med Econ. 2017;20(3):303\u201313.","journal-title":"J Med Econ"},{"key":"1160_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e142","DOI":"10.37765\/ajmc.2020.43156","volume":"26","author":"SA Williams","year":"2020","unstructured":"Williams SA, Chastek B, Sundquist K, Barrera-Sierra S, Leader D Jr, Weiss RJ, et al. Economic burden of osteoporotic fractures in US managed care enrollees. Am J Manag Care. 2020;26:e142\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Manag Care"},{"key":"1160_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bonr.2016.07.005","volume":"5","author":"D Weycker","year":"2016","unstructured":"Weycker D, Li X, Barron R, Bornheimer R, Chandler D. Hospitalizations for osteoporosis-related fractures: economic costs and clinical outcomes. Bone Rep. 2016;5:186\u201391.","journal-title":"Bone Rep."},{"issue":"2","key":"1160_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2017.10.006","volume":"32","author":"E Nguyen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nguyen E, Coleman CI, Nair S, Weeda ER. Cost-utility of empagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk. J Diabetes Complicat. 2018;32(2):210\u20135.","journal-title":"J Diabetes Complicat"},{"issue":"15","key":"1160_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2024816","volume":"383","author":"HJ Heerspink","year":"2020","unstructured":"Heerspink HJ, Stef\u00e1nsson BV, Correa-Rotter R, Chertow GM, Greene T, Hou F-F, et al. Dapagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(15):1436\u201346.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1160_CR77","unstructured":"Physicians\u2019 fee & coding guide 2015. Atlanta (GA): InGauge Health Solutions; 2015."},{"issue":"9","key":"1160_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1638","DOI":"10.2337\/dc15-1380","volume":"38","author":"J Rosenstock","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rosenstock J, Ferrannini E. Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis: a predictable, detectable, and preventable safety concern with SGLT2 inhibitors. Diabetes Care. 2015;38(9):1638\u201342.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"1160_CR79","unstructured":"Statista. Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in the United States in current prices from 1986 to 2026 (in U.S. dollars). https:\/\/www.statista.com\/statistics\/263601\/gross-domestic-product-gdp-per-capita-in-the-united-states. Accessed 7 Apr 2022."}],"container-title":["Clinical Drug Investigation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40261-022-01160-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40261-022-01160-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40261-022-01160-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T01:18:30Z","timestamp":1700615910000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40261-022-01160-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]]},"references-count":79,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]}},"alternative-id":["1160"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40261-022-01160-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1173-2563","1179-1918"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1173-2563","type":"print"},{"value":"1179-1918","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 May 2022","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 May 2022","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This research did not receive any external funding.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Funding"}},{"value":"The authors have no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the contents of this study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The present study did not involve a direct collection of primary data from humans or animals by any investigator. Therefore, ethics approval was not required by an institutional review board.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The major inputs used to parametrize the model were included in the main article. Supporting information is provided as Electronic Supplementary Material.","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Availability of data and material"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":8,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Code availability"}},{"value":"All authors equally contributed to the study concept, design, data analysis, and interpretation.","order":9,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Author contributions"}}]}}