{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T08:22:32Z","timestamp":1781770952896,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,22]],"date-time":"2025-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742601600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,22]],"date-time":"2025-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742601600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Drug Investig"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40261-025-01433-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]],"date-time":"2025-03-23T12:06:09Z","timestamp":1742731569000},"page":"247-254","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Fremanezumab for the Treatment of Migraine Complicated by Medication Overuse: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Hajjaj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8432-1888","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlo","family":"Baraldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4137-5039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lanfranco","family":"Pellesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"1433_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-022-01431-x","volume":"23","author":"S Sacco","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sacco S, Amin FM, Ashina M, Bendtsen L, Deligianni CI, Gil-Gouveia R, Katsarava Z, MaassenVanDenBrink A, Martelletti P, Mitsikostas DD, Ornello R, Reuter U, Sanchez-Del-Rio M, Sinclair AJ, Terwindt G, Uluduz D, Versijpt J, Lampl C. European Headache Federation guideline on the use of monoclonal antibodies targeting the calcitonin gene related peptide pathway for migraine prevention\u20142022 update. J Headache Pain. 2022;23(1):67. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s10194-022-01431-x.","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"issue":"4","key":"1433_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1111\/head.14692","volume":"64","author":"AC Charles","year":"2024","unstructured":"Charles AC, Digre KB, Goadsby PJ, Robbins MS, Hershey A, American Headache Society. Calcitonin gene-related peptide-targeting therapies are a first-line option for the prevention of migraine: an American Headache Society position statement update. Headache. 2024;64(4):333\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/head.14692.","journal-title":"Headache"},{"issue":"22","key":"1433_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2113","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1709038","volume":"377","author":"SD Silberstein","year":"2017","unstructured":"Silberstein SD, Dodick DW, Bigal ME, Yeung PP, Goadsby PJ, Blankenbiller T, Grozinski-Wolff M, Yang R, Ma Y, Aycardi E. Fremanezumab for the preventive treatment of chronic migraine. N Engl J Med. 2017;377(22):2113\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1709038.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"19","key":"1433_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1999","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.4853","volume":"319","author":"DW Dodick","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dodick DW, Silberstein SD, Bigal ME, Yeung PP, Goadsby PJ, Blankenbiller T, Grozinski-Wolff M, Yang R, Ma Y, Aycardi E. Effect of fremanezumab compared with placebo for prevention of episodic migraine: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2018;319(19):1999\u20132008. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2018.4853.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"10203","key":"1433_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31946-4","volume":"394","author":"MD Ferrari","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ferrari MD, Diener HC, Ning X, Galic M, Cohen JM, Yang R, Mueller M, Ahn AH, Schwartz YC, Grozinski-Wolff M, Janka L, Ashina M. Fremanezumab versus placebo for migraine prevention in patients with documented failure to up to four migraine preventive medication classes (FOCUS): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3b trial. Lancet. 2019;394(10203):1030\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31946-4.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1433_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1007\/s42399-023-01452-w","volume":"5","author":"DD Mitsikostas","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mitsikostas DD, Alexoudi A, Arvaniti C, Giannouli \u0395, Kouremenos E, Constantinidis TS, Fakas N, Deligianni C, Karapanayiotides T, Dardiotis E, Gatzonis S, Konitsiotis S, Tsivgoulis G, Hellenic Headache Society. Hellenic Headache Society Recommendations for the use of monoclonal antibodies targeting the calcitonin gene-related peptide pathway for the prevention of migraine and cluster headache\u20142023 update. SN Compr Clin Med. 2023;5:118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42399-023-01452-w.","journal-title":"SN Compr Clin Med"},{"key":"1433_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","volume":"372","author":"MJ Page","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, Shamseer L, Tetzlaff JM, Akl EA, Brennan SE, Chou R, Glanville J, Grimshaw JM, Hr\u00f3bjartsson A, Lalu MM, Li T, Loder EW, Mayo-Wilson E, McDonald S, McGuinness LA, Stewart LA, Thomas J, Tricco AC, Welch VA, Whiting P, Moher D. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021;372: n71. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.n71.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"1433_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898","volume":"366","author":"JAC Sterne","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sterne JAC, Savovi\u0107 J, Page MJ, Elbers RG, Blencowe NS, Boutron I, Cates CJ, Cheng HY, Corbett MS, Eldridge SM, Emberson JR, Hern\u00e1n MA, Hopewell S, Hr\u00f3bjartsson A, Junqueira DR, J\u00fcni P, Kirkham JJ, Lasserson T, Li T, McAleenan A, Reeves BC, Shepperd S, Shrier I, Stewart LA, Tilling K, White IR, Whiting PF, Higgins JPT. RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ. 2019;366: l4898. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.l4898.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"1433_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2023-076754","volume":"383","author":"MJ Page","year":"2023","unstructured":"Page MJ, Sterne JAC, Boutron I, Hr\u00f3bjartsson A, Kirkham JJ, Li T, Lundh A, Mayo-Wilson E, McKenzie JE, Stewart LA, Sutton AJ, Bero L, Dunn AG, Dwan K, Elbers RG, Kanukula R, Meerpohl JJ, Turner EH, Higgins JPT. ROB-ME: a tool for assessing risk of bias due to missing evidence in systematic reviews with meta-analysis. BMJ. 2023;383: e076754. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj-2023-076754.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"1433_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i4919","volume":"355","author":"JA Sterne","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sterne JA, Hern\u00e1n MA, Reeves BC, Savovi\u0107 J, Berkman ND, Viswanathan M, Henry D, Altman DG, Ansari MT, Boutron I, Carpenter JR, Chan AW, Churchill R, Deeks JJ, Hr\u00f3bjartsson A, Kirkham J, J\u00fcni P, Loke YK, Pigott TD, Ramsay CR, Regidor D, Rothstein HR, Sandhu L, Santaguida PL, Sch\u00fcnemann HJ, Shea B, Shrier I, Tugwell P, Turner L, Valentine JC, Waddington H, Waters E, Wells GA, Whiting PF, Higgins JP. ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions. BMJ. 2016;355: i4919. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.i4919.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"10","key":"1433_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2444","DOI":"10.1111\/head.13997","volume":"60","author":"RB Lipton","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lipton RB, Cohen JM, Bibeau K, Galic M, Seminerio MJ, Ramirez Campos V, Halker Singh RB, Ailani J. Reversion from chronic migraine to episodic migraine in patients treated with fremanezumab: post hoc analysis from HALO CM study. Headache. 2020;60(10):2444\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/head.13997.","journal-title":"Headache"},{"issue":"1","key":"1433_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-020-01173-8","volume":"21","author":"SD Silberstein","year":"2020","unstructured":"Silberstein SD, Cohen JM, Seminerio MJ, Yang R, Ashina S, Katsarava Z. The impact of fremanezumab on medication overuse in patients with chronic migraine: subgroup analysis of the HALO CM study. J Headache Pain. 2020;21(1):114. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s10194-020-01173-8.","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"issue":"6","key":"1433_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1981","DOI":"10.1007\/s40120-023-00531-3","volume":"12","author":"N Imai","year":"2023","unstructured":"Imai N, Isogai Y, Shibasaki Y, Nakai M, Ishida M, Ning X, Koga N. Effects of fremanezumab on medication overuse in japanese chronic migraine patients: post hoc analysis of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Neurol Ther. 2023;12(6):1981\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40120-023-00531-3.","journal-title":"Neurol Ther"},{"issue":"9","key":"1433_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102413485658","volume":"33","author":"Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society (IHS)","year":"2013","unstructured":"Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society (IHS). The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (beta version). Cephalalgia. 2013;33(9):629\u2013808. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0333102413485658.","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"issue":"6","key":"1433_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1111\/head.14528","volume":"63","author":"F Sacc\u00e0","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sacc\u00e0 F, Braca S, Sansone M, Miele A, Stornaiuolo A, De Simone R, Russo CV. A head-to-head observational cohort study on the efficacy and safety of monoclonal antibodies against calcitonin gene-related peptide for chronic and episodic migraine. Headache. 2023;63(6):788\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/head.14528.","journal-title":"Headache"},{"issue":"5","key":"1433_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1097\/WNF.0000000000000559","volume":"46","author":"A Krymchantowski","year":"2023","unstructured":"Krymchantowski A, Jevoux C, Krymchantowski AG, Silva-N\u00e9to RP. Medication overuse headache, chronic migraine and monoclonal antibodies anti-CGRP: a real-world study. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2023;46(5):181\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/WNF.0000000000000559.","journal-title":"Clin Neuropharmacol"},{"issue":"23","key":"1433_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3455","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.1471-22","volume":"62","author":"Y Ito","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ito Y, Mitsufuji T, Okada M, Fujita S, Yokoyama R, Kawasaki H, Yamamoto T. Early effect of calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibodies in migraine with medication overuse: a single-center retrospective study. Intern Med. 2023;62(23):3455\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2169\/internalmedicine.1471-22.","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"1433_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-022-01415-x","volume":"23","author":"MT Driessen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Driessen MT, Cohen JM, Thompson SF, Patterson-Lomba O, Seminerio MJ, Carr K, Totev TI, Sun R, Yim E, Mu F, Ayyagari R. Real-world effectiveness after initiating fremanezumab treatment in US patients with episodic and chronic migraine or difficult-to-treat migraine. J Headache Pain. 2022;23(1):56. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s10194-022-01415-x.","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"issue":"12","key":"1433_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-023-01050-3","volume":"37","author":"V Caponnetto","year":"2023","unstructured":"Caponnetto V, Russo A, Silvestro M, Tessitore A, De Icco R, Vaghi G, Sances G, Tassorelli C, Baraldi C, Castro FL, Guerzoni S, Prudenzano MP, Fallacara A, Gentile M, Ornello R, Onofri A, Burgalassi A, Chiarugi A, De Cesaris F, Granato A, Casalena A, De Tommaso M, Mampreso E, Merlo P, Coppola G, Battistini S, Rebecchi V, Rainero I, Sepe FN, Dalla Volta G, Sacco S, Geppetti P, Iannone LF, Italian Headache Registry (RICe) Study Group. Long-term treatment over 52 weeks with monthly fremanezumab in drug-resistant migraine: a prospective multicenter cohort study. CNS Drugs. 2023;37(12):1069\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40263-023-01050-3.","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"issue":"3","key":"1433_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1007\/s40120-024-00591-z","volume":"13","author":"P Barbanti","year":"2024","unstructured":"Barbanti P, Egeo G, Proietti S, d\u2019Onofrio F, Aurilia C, Finocchi C, Di Clemente L, Zucco M, Doretti A, Messina S, Autunno M, Ranieri A, Carnevale A, Colombo B, Filippi M, Tasillo M, Rinalduzzi S, Querzani P, Sette G, Forino L, Zoroddu F, Robotti M, Valenza A, Camarda C, Borrello L, Aguggia M, Viticchi G, Tomino C, Fiorentini G, Orlando B, Bonassi S, Torelli P, Italian Migraine Registry study group. Assessing the long-term (48-week) effectiveness, safety, and tolerability of fremanezumab in migraine in real life: insights from the multicenter, prospective, FRIEND3 Study. Neurol Ther. 2024;13(3):611\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40120-024-00591-z.","journal-title":"Neurol Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"1433_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-024-01813-3","volume":"25","author":"A Scheffler","year":"2024","unstructured":"Scheffler A, Basten J, Menzel L, Binz D, Becker WA, Breunung V, Schenk H, Kleinschnitz C, Nsaka M, Lindner D, Holle D. Persistent effectiveness of CGRP antibody therapy in migraine and comorbid medication overuse or medication overuse headache\u2014a retrospective real-world analysis. J Headache Pain. 2024;25(1):109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s10194-024-01813-3.","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"1433_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12794","volume":"23","author":"P Sarchielli","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sarchielli P, Corbelli I, Messina P, Cupini LM, Bernardi G, Bono G, Di Piero V, Petolicchio B, Livrea P, Prudenzano MP, Pini LA, Sandrini G, Allena M, Tedeschi G, Russo A, Caproni S, Beghi E, Calabresi P, SAMOHA Study Group. Psychopathological comorbidities in medication-overuse headache: a multicentre clinical study. Eur J Neurol. 2016;23(1):85\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ene.12794.","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1433_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-018-0522-8","volume":"32","author":"A Ferrari","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ferrari A, Baraldi C, Licata M, Rustichelli C. Polypharmacy among headache patients: a cross-sectional study. CNS Drugs. 2018;32(6):567\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40263-018-0522-8.","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"issue":"8","key":"1433_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-019-0796-7","volume":"23","author":"PK Chen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chen PK, Wang SJ. Medication overuse and medication overuse headache: risk factors, comorbidities, associated burdens and nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic treatment approaches. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2019;23(8):60. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11916-019-0796-7.","journal-title":"Curr Pain Headache Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"1433_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.17219\/dmp\/174706","volume":"61","author":"M Waliszewska-Pros\u00f3\u0142","year":"2024","unstructured":"Waliszewska-Pros\u00f3\u0142 M, Martelletti P. Real-world effectiveness of fremanezumab in patients with migraine switching from another mAb targeting the CGRP pathway. Dent Med Probl. 2024;61(1):9\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17219\/dmp\/174706.","journal-title":"Dent Med Probl."},{"issue":"1","key":"1433_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-022-00415-0","volume":"9","author":"S Ashina","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ashina S, Terwindt GM, Steiner TJ, Lee MJ, Porreca F, Tassorelli C, Schwedt TJ, Jensen RH, Diener HC, Lipton RB. Medication overuse headache. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2023;9(1):5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41572-022-00415-0.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"issue":"1","key":"1433_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-021-01224-8","volume":"22","author":"TT Takahashi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Takahashi TT, Ornello R, Quatrosi G, Torrente A, Albanese M, Vigneri S, Guglielmetti M, Maria De Marco C, Dutordoir C, Colangeli E, Fuccaro M, Di Lenola D, Spuntarelli V, Pilati L, Di Marco S, Van Dycke A, Abdullahi RA, Maassen van den Brink A, Martelletti P. Medication overuse and drug addiction: a narrative review from addiction perspective. J Headache Pain. 2021;22(1):32. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s10194-021-01224-8.","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"}],"container-title":["Clinical Drug Investigation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40261-025-01433-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40261-025-01433-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40261-025-01433-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]],"date-time":"2025-05-07T12:45:04Z","timestamp":1746621904000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40261-025-01433-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,22]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["1433"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40261-025-01433-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1173-2563","1179-1918"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1173-2563","type":"print"},{"value":"1179-1918","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 March 2025","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 March 2025","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Availability of data and materials"}},{"value":"IH has nothing to disclose. CB received fees and honoraria from Allergan, Abbvie, Lundbeck, Teva and Eli Lilly. Lanfranco Pellesi serves as member of Editorial Board of European Journal of Medical Research, Editor-in-Training for Clinical and Translational Science and Junior Editorial Board of The Journal of Headache and Pain. LP has been employed by Lundbeck in the past two years.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The authors received no direct or indirect funds in relation to this manuscript.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Funding"}},{"value":"IH, CB and LP contributed equally to the conception, design, data analysis and writing of this manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final submitted manuscript and agree to be accountable for the work submitted.","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Authors' contributions"}}]}}