{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T04:15:46Z","timestamp":1791260146776,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,9]],"date-time":"2015-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1449619200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Pharmacokinet"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-015-0347-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,10]],"date-time":"2015-12-10T18:08:13Z","timestamp":1449770893000},"page":"723-733","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Dose Reduction of Caspofungin in Intensive Care Unit Patients with Child Pugh B Will Result in Suboptimal Exposure"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Lisa C.","family":"Martial","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger J. M.","family":"Br\u00fcggemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeroen A.","family":"Schouten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henk J.","family":"van Leeuwen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arthur R.","family":"van Zanten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dylan W.","family":"de Lange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eline W.","family":"Muilwijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul E.","family":"Verweij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David M.","family":"Burger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rob E.","family":"Aarnoutse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Pickkers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas P. C.","family":"Dorlo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"21","key":"347_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2323","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.1754","volume":"302","author":"JL Vincent","year":"2009","unstructured":"Vincent JL, Rello J, Marshall J, Silva E, Anzueto A, Martin CD, et al. International study of the prevalence and outcomes of infection in intensive care units. JAMA. 2009;302(21):2323\u20139.","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"issue":"5","key":"347_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1086\/596757","volume":"48","author":"PG Pappas","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pappas PG, Kauffman CA, Andes D, Benjamin DK Jr, Calandra TF, Edwards JE Jr, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of candidiasis: 2009 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2009;48(5):503\u201335.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis."},{"issue":"8","key":"347_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis021","volume":"54","author":"DR Andes","year":"2012","unstructured":"Andes DR, Safdar N, Baddley JW, Playford G, Reboli AC, Rex JH, et al. Impact of treatment strategy on outcomes in patients with candidemia and other forms of invasive candidiasis: a patient-level quantitative review of randomized trials. Clin Infect Dis. 2012;54(8):1110\u201322.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis."},{"issue":"6","key":"347_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkq081","volume":"65","author":"MW Pound","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pound MW, Townsend ML, Drew RH. Echinocandin pharmacodynamics: review and clinical implications. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2010;65(6):1108\u201318.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother."},{"key":"347_CR5","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency. Summary of product characteristics: Cancidas 2011 [last updated 26 Oct 2014]. http:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/docs\/en_GB\/document_library\/EPAR_-_Product_Information\/human\/000379\/WC500021033.pdf . Accessed 27 Mar 2015."},{"key":"347_CR6","unstructured":"US Food and Drug Administration. Cancidas label information 2014 [last updated 26 Oct 2014]. http:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/drugsatfda_docs\/label\/2014\/021227s033lbl.pdf . Accessed 27 Mar 2015."},{"issue":"8","key":"347_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800600817","volume":"60","author":"RN Pugh","year":"1973","unstructured":"Pugh RN, Murray-Lyon IM, Dawson JL, Pietroni MC, Williams R. Transection of the oesophagus for bleeding oesophageal varices. Br J Surg. 1973;60(8):646\u20139.","journal-title":"Br J Surg."},{"issue":"12","key":"347_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3294","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dku313","volume":"69","author":"EW Muilwijk","year":"2014","unstructured":"Muilwijk EW, Schouten JA, van Leeuwen HJ, van Zanten AR, de Lange DW, Colbers A, et al. Pharmacokinetics of caspofungin in ICU patients. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2014;69(12):3294\u20139.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother."},{"issue":"10","key":"347_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3497","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00478-08","volume":"52","author":"DR Andes","year":"2008","unstructured":"Andes DR, Diekema DJ, Pfaller MA, Marchillo K, Bohrmueller J. In vivo pharmacodynamic target investigation for micafungin against Candida albicans and C. glabrata in a neutropenic murine candidiasis model. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2008;52(10):3497\u2013503.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother."},{"issue":"12","key":"347_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5058","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.12.5058-5068.2005","volume":"49","author":"A Louie","year":"2005","unstructured":"Louie A, Deziel M, Liu W, Drusano MF, Gumbo T, Drusano GL. Pharmacodynamics of caspofungin in a murine model of systemic candidiasis: importance of persistence of caspofungin in tissues to understanding drug activity. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2005;49(12):5058\u201368.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother."},{"issue":"6","key":"347_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2497","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01584-09","volume":"54","author":"D Andes","year":"2010","unstructured":"Andes D, Diekema DJ, Pfaller MA, Bohrmuller J, Marchillo K, Lepak A. In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010;54(6):2497\u2013506.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother."},{"issue":"8","key":"347_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.1086\/424465","volume":"190","author":"NP Wiederhold","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wiederhold NP, Kontoyiannis DP, Chi J, Prince RA, Tam VH, Lewis RE. Pharmacodynamics of caspofungin in a murine model of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis: evidence of concentration-dependent activity. J Infect Dis. 2004;190(8):1464\u201371.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis."},{"issue":"10","key":"347_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200544100-00004","volume":"44","author":"S Janmahasatian","year":"2005","unstructured":"Janmahasatian S, Duffull SB, Ash S, Ward LC, Byrne NM, Green B. Quantification of lean bodyweight. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2005;44(10):1051\u201365.","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet."},{"issue":"3","key":"347_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2005.04.005","volume":"79","author":"L Lindbom","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lindbom L, Pihlgren P, Jonsson EN. PsN-Toolkit\u2013a collection of computer intensive statistical methods for non-linear mixed effect modeling using NONMEM. Comput Methods Programs Biomed. 2005;79(3):241\u201357.","journal-title":"Comput Methods Programs Biomed."},{"issue":"11","key":"347_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5107","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.05193-11","volume":"55","author":"RG Hall","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hall RG, Swancutt MA, Gumbo T. Fractal geometry and the pharmacometrics of micafungin in overweight, obese, and extremely obese people. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2011;55(11):5107\u201312.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother."},{"issue":"5","key":"347_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2259","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01490-12","volume":"57","author":"RG Hall 2nd","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hall RG 2nd, Swancutt MA, Meek C, Leff R, Gumbo T. Weight drives caspofungin pharmacokinetic variability in overweight and obese people: fractal power signatures beyond two-thirds or three-fourths. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2013;57(5):2259\u201364.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother."},{"issue":"10","key":"347_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3714","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00398-07","volume":"51","author":"WW Hope","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hope WW, Seibel NL, Schwartz CL, Arrieta A, Flynn P, Shad A, et al. Population pharmacokinetics of micafungin in pediatric patients and implications for antifungal dosing. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2007;51(10):3714\u20139.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother."},{"issue":"4","key":"347_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1664","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01912-12","volume":"57","author":"G Wurthwein","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wurthwein G, Cornely OA, Trame MN, Vehreschild JJ, Vehreschild MJ, Farowski F, et al. Population pharmacokinetics of escalating doses of caspofungin in a phase II study of patients with invasive aspergillosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2013;57(4):1664\u201371.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother."},{"key":"347_CR19","unstructured":"Beal SL, Sheiner LB, Boeckmann A. NONMEM user\u2019s guides (1989\u20132006). Ellicott City: Icon Development Solutions; 2006."},{"issue":"1","key":"347_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-2607(98)00067-4","volume":"58","author":"EN Jonsson","year":"1999","unstructured":"Jonsson EN, Karlsson MO. Xpose\u2013an S-PLUS based population pharmacokinetic\/pharmacodynamic model building aid for NONMEM. Comput Methods Programs Biomed. 1999;58(1):51\u201364.","journal-title":"Comput Methods Programs Biomed."},{"issue":"1","key":"347_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2010.04.018","volume":"101","author":"RJ Keizer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Keizer RJ, van Benten M, Beijnen JH, Schellens JH, Huitema AD. Pirana and PCluster: a modeling environment and cluster infrastructure for NONMEM. Comput Methods Programs Biomed. 2011;101(1):72\u20139.","journal-title":"Comput Methods Programs Biomed."},{"key":"347_CR22","unstructured":"R Development Core Team. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2013."},{"issue":"8","key":"347_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1878","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31828a2aa1","volume":"41","author":"P Pickkers","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pickkers P, de Keizer N, Dusseljee J, Weerheijm D, van der Hoeven JG, Peek N. Body mass index is associated with hospital mortality in critically ill patients: an observational cohort study. Crit Care Med. 2013;41(8):1878\u201383.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"347_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dku477","volume":"70","author":"RJ Bruggemann","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bruggemann RJ, Van Der Velden WJ, Knibbe CA, Colbers A, Hol S, Burger DM, et al. A rationale for reduced-frequency dosing of anidulafungin for antifungal prophylaxis in immunocompromised patients. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2015;70(4):1166\u201374.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother."},{"issue":"1","key":"347_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01590-09","volume":"48","author":"MA Pfaller","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pfaller MA, Boyken L, Hollis RJ, Kroeger J, Messer SA, Tendolkar S, et al. Wild-type MIC distributions and epidemiological cutoff values for the echinocandins and Candida spp. J Clin Microbiol. 2010;48(1):52\u20136.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"347_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drup.2011.01.004","volume":"14","author":"MA Pfaller","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pfaller MA, Diekema DJ, Andes D, Arendrup MC, Brown SD, Lockhart SR, et al. Clinical breakpoints for the echinocandins and Candida revisited: integration of molecular, clinical, and microbiological data to arrive at species-specific interpretive criteria. Drug Resist Updat. 2011;14(3):164\u201376.","journal-title":"Drug Resist Updat."},{"issue":"1","key":"347_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00265-11","volume":"56","author":"G Wurthwein","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wurthwein G, Young C, Lanvers-Kaminsky C, Hempel G, Trame MN, Schwerdtfeger R, et al. Population pharmacokinetics of liposomal amphotericin B and caspofungin in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell recipients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2012;56(1):536\u201343.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother."},{"issue":"1","key":"347_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.2133\/dmpk.24.25","volume":"24","author":"BJ Anderson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Anderson BJ, Holford NH. Mechanistic basis of using body size and maturation to predict clearance in humans. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2009;24(1):25\u201336.","journal-title":"Drug Metab Pharmacokinet."},{"issue":"9","key":"347_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2941","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.23574","volume":"102","author":"N Holford","year":"2013","unstructured":"Holford N, Heo YA, Anderson B. A pharmacokinetic standard for babies and adults. J Pharm Sci. 2013;102(9):2941\u201352.","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci."},{"issue":"5309","key":"347_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1126\/science.276.5309.122","volume":"276","author":"GB West","year":"1997","unstructured":"West GB, Brown JH, Enquist BJ. A general model for the origin of allometric scaling laws in biology. Science. 1997;276(5309):122\u20136.","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"347_CR31","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency (EMA). Cancidas: EPAR scientific discussion 2004. http:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/docs\/en_GB\/document_library\/EPAR_-_Scientific_Discussion\/human\/000379\/WC500057186.pdf . Accessed 27 Mar 2015."},{"issue":"77","key":"347_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2014.07.006","volume":"20","author":"SI Blot","year":"2014","unstructured":"Blot SI, Pea F, Lipman J. The effect of pathophysiology on pharmacokinetics in the critically ill patient\u2013concepts appraised by the example of antimicrobial agents. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2014;20(77):3\u201311.","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev."},{"issue":"8","key":"347_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1177\/0091270007303764","volume":"47","author":"GC Mistry","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mistry GC, Migoya E, Deutsch PJ, Winchell G, Hesney M, Li S, et al. Single- and multiple-dose administration of caspofungin in patients with hepatic insufficiency: implications for safety and dosing recommendations. J Clin Pharmacol. 2007;47(8):951\u201361.","journal-title":"J Clin Pharmacol."},{"issue":"25","key":"347_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2020","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa021585","volume":"347","author":"J Mora-Duarte","year":"2002","unstructured":"Mora-Duarte J, Betts R, Rotstein C, Colombo AL, Thompson-Moya L, Smietana J, et al. Comparison of caspofungin and amphotericin B for invasive candidiasis. N Engl J Med. 2002;347(25):2020\u20139.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"12","key":"347_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1676","DOI":"10.1086\/598933","volume":"48","author":"RF Betts","year":"2009","unstructured":"Betts RF, Nucci M, Talwar D, Gareca M, Queiroz-Telles F, Bedimo RJ, et al. A Multicenter, double-blind trial of a high-dose caspofungin treatment regimen versus a standard caspofungin treatment regimen for adult patients with invasive candidiasis. Clin Infect Dis. 2009;48(12):1676\u201384.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis."},{"issue":"3","key":"347_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1705559","volume":"39","author":"A Safdar","year":"2007","unstructured":"Safdar A, Rodriguez G, Rolston KV, O\u2019Brien S, Khouri IF, Shpall EJ, et al. High-dose caspofungin combination antifungal therapy in patients with hematologic malignancies and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2007;39(3):157\u201364.","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"issue":"12","key":"347_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5798","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.05134-11","volume":"55","author":"OA Cornely","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cornely OA, Vehreschild JJ, Vehreschild MJ, Wurthwein G, Arenz D, Schwartz S, et al. Phase II dose escalation study of caspofungin for invasive Aspergillosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2011;55(12):5798\u2013803.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother."},{"key":"347_CR38","unstructured":"Radboud University. Pharmacokinetics of caspofungin (Cancidas\u00ae) given intravenously as therapy to patients with an invasive fungal infection in the intensive care unit\u2014a search for co-variates (CASCADE) [ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01533558]. US National Institutes of Health, ClinicalTrials.gov. https:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov . Accessed 7 Nov 2015."}],"container-title":["Clinical Pharmacokinetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40262-015-0347-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40262-015-0347-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40262-015-0347-2","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,28]],"date-time":"2022-05-28T22:20:57Z","timestamp":1653776457000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40262-015-0347-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,9]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]}},"alternative-id":["347"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40262-015-0347-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0312-5963","1179-1926"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0312-5963","type":"print"},{"value":"1179-1926","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,9]]}}}