{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T23:46:38Z","timestamp":1770421598661,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768953600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768953600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014823","name":"Direktorat Riset dan Pengabdian Masyarakat","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024010595"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024010595"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014823","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Pharmacokinet"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-025-01609-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T16:43:07Z","timestamp":1769013787000},"page":"169-191","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Therapeutic Drug Monitoring for Improving Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes: A Scoping Review of Clinical Studies"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4088-9988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aisya Rezki","family":"Noeriman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sumarheni","family":"Sumarheni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aliya Nur","family":"Hasanah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lika","family":"Apriani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prayudi","family":"Santoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan-Willem C.","family":"Alffenaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fajri","family":"Gafar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rovina","family":"Ruslami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"1609_CR1","unstructured":"Global tuberculosis report 2024. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2024. https:\/\/www.who.int\/teams\/global-programme-on-tuberculosis-and-lung-health\/tb-reports\/global-tuberculosis-report-2024."},{"issue":"11","key":"1609_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3781","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01533-06","volume":"51","author":"T Gumbo","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gumbo T, Louie A, Deziel MR, et al. Concentration-dependent Mycobacterium tuberculosis killing and prevention of resistance by rifampin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2007;51(11):3781\u20138.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"3","key":"1609_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5520(03)00057-6","volume":"17","author":"J Turnidge","year":"2003","unstructured":"Turnidge J. Pharmacodynamics and dosing of aminoglycosides. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2003;17(3):503\u201328.","journal-title":"Infect Dis Clin North Am"},{"issue":"41 Suppl 2","key":"1609_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S127","DOI":"10.1086\/428053","volume":"15","author":"B Wispelwey","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wispelwey B. Clinical implications of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of fluoroquinolones. Clin Infect Dis. 2005;15(41 Suppl 2):S127\u201335.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"1609_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.4103\/sjcp.sjcp_6_23","volume":"2","author":"HM Makki","year":"2023","unstructured":"Makki HM, Sattar Ahmad MAAA, Alkreathy HM, et al. Therapeutic drug monitoring in optimizing tuberculosis treatment outcomes: a review on the first-line four-drug standard treatment regimen. Saudi J Clin Pharm. 2023;2(3):66\u201374.","journal-title":"Saudi J Clin Pharm"},{"issue":"6","key":"1609_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.15.0803","volume":"20","author":"L Mota","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mota L, Al-Efraij K, Campbell JR, et al. Therapeutic drug monitoring in anti-tuberculosis treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2016;20(6):819\u201326.","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"1609_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e3520","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1569","volume":"73","author":"XB Zheng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zheng XB, Bao ZW, Forsman LD, et al. Drug exposure and minimum inhibitory concentration predict pulmonary tuberculosis treatment response. Clin Infect Dis. 2021;73(9):e3520\u20138.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"1609_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.01.001","volume":"140","author":"SS Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang SS, Forsman LD, Xu C, et al. Second-line antituberculosis drug exposure thresholds predictive of adverse events in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment. Int J Infect Dis. 2024;140:62\u20139.","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"1609_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jctube.2024.100444","volume":"36","author":"NF Maranchick","year":"2024","unstructured":"Maranchick NF, Peloquin CA. Role of therapeutic drug monitoring in the treatment of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis. J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis. 2024;36:100444.","journal-title":"J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis."},{"issue":"10","key":"1609_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e93","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201909-1874ST","volume":"200","author":"P Nahid","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nahid P, Mase SR, Migliori GB, et al. Treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis. An official ATS\/CDC\/ERS\/IDSA clinical practice guideline. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2019;200(10):e93\u2013142.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"1609_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2102787","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02787-2021","volume":"59","author":"I Margineanu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Margineanu I, Akkerman O, Cattaneo D, et al. Practices of therapeutic drug monitoring in tuberculosis: an international survey. Eur Respir J. 2022;59(4):2102787.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"1609_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1063453","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.1063453","volume":"13","author":"JWC Alffenaar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alffenaar JWC, de Steenwinkel JEMM, Diacon AH, et al. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of anti-tuberculosis drugs: an evaluation of in vitro, in vivo methodologies and human studies. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:1063453.","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"1609_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.01.041","volume":"92S","author":"JWC Alffenaar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Alffenaar JWC, Akkerman OW, Kim HY, et al. Precision and personalized medicine and anti-TB treatment: is TDM feasible for programmatic use? Int J Infect Dis. 2020;92S:S5\u20139.","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"1609_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1080\/17425255.2021.1836158","volume":"17","author":"AG M\u00e4rtson","year":"2021","unstructured":"M\u00e4rtson AG, Burch G, Ghimire S, et al. Therapeutic drug monitoring in patients with tuberculosis and concurrent medical problems. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2021;17(1):23\u201339.","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol"},{"key":"1609_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1248331","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2023.1248331","volume":"14","author":"L Cheng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cheng L, Luo M, Guo Y, et al. Correlations among the plasma concentrations of first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs and the physiological parameters influencing concentrations. Front Pharmacol. 2023;14:1248331.","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1609_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1186\/s12941-017-0239-4","volume":"16","author":"Y Xu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Xu Y, Wu J, Liao S, Sun Z. Treating tuberculosis with high doses of anti-TB drugs: mechanisms and outcomes. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2017;16(1):67.","journal-title":"Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob"},{"issue":"5","key":"1609_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.23.0031","volume":"27","author":"C Maugans","year":"2023","unstructured":"Maugans C, Loveday M, Hlangu S, et al. Best practices for the care of pregnant people living with TB. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2023;27(5):357\u201366.","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"1609_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1601724","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01724-2016","volume":"49","author":"E Van Kampenhout","year":"2017","unstructured":"Van Kampenhout E, Bolhuis MS, Alffenaar JWC, et al. Pharmacokinetics of moxifloxacin and linezolid during and after pregnancy in a patient with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Eur Respir J. 2017;49(3):1601724.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"4","key":"1609_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cts.13795","volume":"17","author":"T Surarak","year":"2024","unstructured":"Surarak T, Chumnumwat S, Nosoongnoen W, et al. Efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of isoniazid affected by NAT2 polymorphisms in patients with tuberculosis: a systematic review. Clin Transl Sci. 2024;17(4):e13795.","journal-title":"Clin Transl Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"1609_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2002349","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02349-2020","volume":"57","author":"HY Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim HY, Ulbricht E, Ahn YK, et al. Therapeutic drug monitoring practice in patients with active tuberculosis: assessment of opportunities. Eur Respir J. 2021;57(1):2002349.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"1609_CR21","unstructured":"World Health Organization. WHO operational handbook on tuberculosis. Module 4: drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment. 2022. https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/340256\/9789240022614-eng.pdf."},{"issue":"5","key":"1609_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1517\/17425255.2016.1162785","volume":"12","author":"MA Zuur","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zuur MA, Bolhuis MS, Anthony R, et al. Current status and opportunities for therapeutic drug monitoring in the treatment of tuberculosis. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2016;12(5):509\u201321.","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1609_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1097\/FTD.0000000000000948","volume":"44","author":"F Lemaitre","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lemaitre F. Has the time come for systematic therapeutic drug monitoring of first-line and WHO Group A antituberculosis drugs? Ther Drug Monit. 2022;44(1):133\u20137.","journal-title":"Ther Drug Monit"},{"issue":"6","key":"1609_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1508","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkaf126","volume":"80","author":"Y Metarfi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Metarfi Y, Chellal W, Ben Khadda Z, et al. Therapeutic drug monitoring in anti-tuberculosis treatment: a systematic review. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2025;80(6):1508-1518.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother\u00a0"},{"issue":"7","key":"1609_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-0850","volume":"169","author":"AC Tricco","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tricco AC, Lillie E, Zarin W, et al. PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR): checklist and explanation. Ann Intern Med. 2018;169(7):467\u201373.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"1609_CR26","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Definitions and reporting framework for tuberculosis - 2013 revision: Updated December 2014 and January 2020. https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789241505345."},{"key":"1609_CR27","unstructured":"World Health Organization. WHO operational handbook on tuberculosis Module 4: Treatment: drug-susceptible tuberculosis treatment. 2022. https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789240050761."},{"key":"1609_CR28","unstructured":"Wells GA, Shea B, O\u2019Connell D, et al. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses. Ottawa: Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; 2011. http:\/\/www.ohri.ca\/programs\/clinical_epidemiology\/oxford.asp."},{"issue":"8","key":"1609_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.03.008","volume":"26","author":"AG M\u00e4rtson","year":"2020","unstructured":"M\u00e4rtson AG, Sturkenboom MGG, Stojanova J, et al. How to design a study to evaluate therapeutic drug monitoring in infectious diseases? Clin Microbiol Infect. 2020;26(8):1008\u201316.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"3","key":"1609_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2201596","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01596-2022","volume":"61","author":"F Gafar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gafar F, Wasmann RE, McIlleron HM, et al. Global estimates and determinants of antituberculosis drug pharmacokinetics in children and adolescents: a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis. Eur Respir J. 2023;61(3):2201596.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"2","key":"1609_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.12.0279","volume":"17","author":"L Van Tongeren","year":"2013","unstructured":"Van Tongeren L, Nolan S, Cook VJ, et al. Therapeutic drug monitoring in the treatment of tuberculosis: a retrospective analysis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2013;17(2):221\u20134.","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"1609_CR32","first-page":"9686","volume":"11","author":"YH Jia","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jia YH, Gao ZZ, Chen CR, Wang W. Influence of blood concentration monitoring of isoniazid on liver damage in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis complicated with liver dysfunction. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2018;11(9):9686\u201393.","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"1609_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2025.03.001","volume":"72","author":"AK Prakash","year":"2025","unstructured":"Prakash AK, Agrawal C, Gupta N, et al. Therapeutic drug monitoring-how to tackle non-responsive drug sensitive tuberculosis. Indian J Tuberc. 2025;72(4):537\u20139.","journal-title":"Indian J Tuberc"},{"issue":"1","key":"1609_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-017-2226-y","volume":"17","author":"Y Alkabab","year":"2017","unstructured":"Alkabab Y, Keller S, Dodge D, et al. Early interventions for diabetes related tuberculosis associate with hastened sputum microbiological clearance in Virginia, USA. BMC Infect Dis. 2017;17(1):125.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"1609_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.22.0448","volume":"27","author":"Y Alkabab","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alkabab Y, Warkentin J, Cummins J, et al. Therapeutic drug monitoring and TB treatment outcomes in patients with diabetes mellitus. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2023;27(2):135\u20139.","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"1609_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1610.100374","volume":"16","author":"SK Heysell","year":"2010","unstructured":"Heysell SK, Moore JL, Keller SJ, et al. Therapeutic drug monitoring for slow response to tuberculosis treatment in a state control program, Virginia, USA. Emerg Infect Dis. 2010;16(10):1546\u201353.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"1609_CR37","volume":"2013","author":"SK Heysell","year":"2013","unstructured":"Heysell SK, Moore JL, Staley D, et al. Early therapeutic drug monitoring for isoniazid and rifampin among diabetics with newly diagnosed tuberculosis in Virginia, USA. Tuberculosis Res Treat. 2013;2013:129723.","journal-title":"Tuberculosis Res Treat"},{"issue":"2","key":"1609_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.4046\/trd.2015.78.2.78","volume":"78","author":"SK Heysell","year":"2015","unstructured":"Heysell SK, Moore JL, Peloquin CA, et al. Outcomes and use of therapeutic drug monitoring in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients treated in Virginia, 2009\u20132014. Tuberc Respir Dis. 2015;78(2):78\u201384.","journal-title":"Tuberc Respir Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"1609_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.29.5.503","volume":"29","author":"DP Holland","year":"2009","unstructured":"Holland DP, Hamilton CD, Weintrob AC, et al. Therapeutic drug monitoring of antimycobacterial drugs in patients with both tuberculosis and advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. Pharmacotherapy. 2009;29(5):503\u201310.","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"issue":"7","key":"1609_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad312","volume":"77","author":"CA Haley","year":"2023","unstructured":"Haley CA, Schechter MC, Ashkin D, et al. Implementation of bedaquiline, pretomanid, and linezolid in the United States: experience using a novel all-oral treatment regimen for treatment of rifampin-resistant or rifampin-intolerant tuberculosis disease. Clin Infect Dis. 2023;77(7):1053\u201362.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"1609_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-05947-6","volume":"21","author":"NF Sabur","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sabur NF, Brar MS, Wu L, et al. Low-dose amikacin in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). BMC Infect Dis. 2021;21(1):254.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"1609_CR42","first-page":"225","volume":"18","author":"A Babalik","year":"2011","unstructured":"Babalik A, Mannix S, Francis D, et al. Therapeutic drug monitoring in the treatment of active tuberculosis. Can Respir J. 2011;18(4):225\u20139.","journal-title":"Can Respir J"},{"issue":"6","key":"1609_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofad237","volume":"10","author":"A Ashkin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ashkin A, Alexis A, Ninneman M, et al. Concomitant treatment of tuberculosis and hepatitis C virus in coinfected patients using serum drug concentration monitoring. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2023;10(6):ofad237.","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"1609_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1770","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.126.6.1770","volume":"126","author":"J Li","year":"2004","unstructured":"Li J, Burzynski JN, Lee YA, et al. Use of therapeutic drug monitoring for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients. Chest. 2004;126(6):1770\u20136.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"2","key":"1609_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/monaldi.2024.3036","volume":"95","author":"R Singla","year":"2024","unstructured":"Singla R, Gupta A, Kumar V, et al. Study of risk factors and clinical management of patients with clinical non-response due to low plasma levels of anti-tubercular drugs. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis. 2024;95(2):3036.","journal-title":"Monaldi Arch Chest Dis"},{"key":"1609_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2617","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S365371","volume":"15","author":"PZ Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang PZ, Li W, Liu MN, et al. Linezolid-associated neuropathy in patients with MDR\/XDR tuberculosis in Shenzhen. China Infect Drug Resist. 2022;15:2617\u201324.","journal-title":"China. Infect Drug Resist."},{"issue":"1","key":"1609_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00693-15","volume":"60","author":"JS Park","year":"2015","unstructured":"Park JS, Lee JY, Lee YJ, et al. Serum levels of antituberculosis drugs and their effect on tuberculosis treatment outcome. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2015;60(1):92\u20138.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"1609_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1260535","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2023.1260535","volume":"14","author":"P Yan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yan P, Shi QZ, Hu YX, et al. Evaluation of the impact of rifampicin on the plasma concentration of linezolid in tuberculosis co-infected patients. Front Pharmacol. 2023;14:1260535.","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"7","key":"1609_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.15.0792","volume":"20","author":"MJ Maze","year":"2016","unstructured":"Maze MJ, Paynter J, Chiu W, et al. Therapeutic drug monitoring of isoniazid and rifampicin during anti-tuberculosis treatment in Auckland, New Zealand. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2016;20(7):955\u201360.","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"1609_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01400-16","volume":"61","author":"R van Altena","year":"2017","unstructured":"van Altena R, Dijkstra JA, van der Meer ME, et al. Reduced chance of hearing loss associated with therapeutic drug monitoring of aminoglycosides in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2017;61(3):e01400-16.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"6","key":"1609_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1900580","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00580-2019","volume":"54","author":"MS Bolhuis","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bolhuis MS, van der Werf TS, Kerstjens HAM, et al. Treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis using therapeutic drug monitoring: first experiences with sub-300 mg linezolid dosages using in-house made capsules. Eur Respir J. 2019;54(6):1900580.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"11","key":"1609_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16111575","volume":"16","author":"L Keutzer","year":"2023","unstructured":"Keutzer L, Mockeliunas L, Sturkenboom MGG, et al. Derivation and clinical utility of safety targets for linezolid-related adverse events in drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment. Pharmaceuticals. 2023;16(11):1575.","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"key":"1609_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4414\/smw.2015.14223","volume":"145","author":"M Meloni","year":"2015","unstructured":"Meloni M, Corti N, M\u00fcller D, et al. Cure of tuberculosis despite serum concentrations of antituberculosis drugs below published reference ranges. Swiss Med Wkly. 2015;145:w14223.","journal-title":"Swiss Med Wkly"},{"issue":"3","key":"1609_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0213718","volume":"14","author":"C Seijger","year":"2019","unstructured":"Seijger C, Hoefsloot W, de Bergsma- Guchteneire I, et al. High-dose rifampicin in tuberculosis: experiences from a Dutch tuberculosis centre. PLoS ONE. 2019;14(3):e0213718.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"4","key":"1609_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00176610","volume":"38","author":"AD Pranger","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pranger AD, van Altena R, Aarnoutse RE, et al. Evaluation of moxifloxacin for the treatment of tuberculosis: 3 years of experience. Eur Respir J. 2011;38(4):888\u201394.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"5","key":"1609_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.24.0465","volume":"29","author":"M Schiuma","year":"2025","unstructured":"Schiuma M, Colaneri M, Cattaneo D, et al. Rifampicin drug monitoring in TB patients: new evidence for increased dosage? Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2025;29(5):202\u20136.","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"1609_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.2165\/11532080-000000000-00000","volume":"49","author":"JWC Alffenaar","year":"2010","unstructured":"Alffenaar JWC, van Altena R, Harmelink IM, et al. Comparison of the pharmacokinetics of two dosage regimens of linezolid in multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis patients. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2010;49(8):559\u201365.","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"issue":"10","key":"1609_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab699","volume":"74","author":"MZ Imperial","year":"2022","unstructured":"Imperial MZ, Nedelman JR, Conradie F, et al. Proposed linezolid dosing strategies to minimize adverse events for treatment of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis. Clin Infect Dis. 2022;74(10):1736\u201347.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"1609_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.11.033","volume":"126","author":"R Perumal","year":"2023","unstructured":"Perumal R, Naidoo K, Naidoo A, et al. The impact of enteral feeding and therapeutic monitoring of rifampicin with dose escalation in critically ill patients with tuberculosis. Int J Infect Dis. 2023;126:174\u201380.","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"1609_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2016.31.2.254","volume":"31","author":"CK Park","year":"2016","unstructured":"Park CK, Shin HJ, Kim YI, et al. Predictors of default from treatment for tuberculosis: a single center case-control study in Korea. J Korean Med Sci. 2016;31(2):254\u201360.","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"1609_CR61","first-page":"622","volume":"6","author":"P de Jager","year":"2002","unstructured":"de Jager P, van Altena R. Hearing loss and nephrotoxicity in long-term aminoglycoside treatment in patients with tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2002;6(7):622\u20137.","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"1609_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-542","volume":"14","author":"C Modongo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Modongo C, Sobota RS, Kesenogile B, et al. Successful MDR-TB treatment regimens including Amikacin are associated with high rates of hearing loss. BMC Infect Dis. 2014;14:542.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"1609_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1538","DOI":"10.1086\/420742","volume":"38","author":"CA Peloquin","year":"2004","unstructured":"Peloquin CA, Berning SE, Nitta AT, et al. Aminoglycoside toxicity: daily versus thrice-weekly dosing for treatment of mycobacterial diseases. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;38(11):1538\u201344.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"1609_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1815","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkr221","volume":"66","author":"A Sturdy","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sturdy A, Goodman A, Jos\u00e9 RJ, et al. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment in the UK: a study of injectable use and toxicity in practice. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2011;66(8):1815\u201320.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"6","key":"1609_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-035350","volume":"10","author":"SH van den Elsen","year":"2020","unstructured":"van den Elsen SH, Sturkenboom MG, Akkerman O, et al. Prospective evaluation of improving fluoroquinolone exposure using centralised therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in patients with tuberculosis (PERFECT): a study protocol of a prospective multicentre cohort study. BMJ Open. 2020;10(6):e035350.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"1609_CR66","unstructured":"Therapeutic drug monitoring for linezolid in the treatment of rifampin-resistant tuberculosis. 2024. https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/study\/NCT06590428."},{"key":"1609_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2023.102367","volume":"141","author":"RM Xavier","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xavier RM, Sharumathi SM, Kanniyappan Parthasarathy A, et al. Limited sampling strategies for therapeutic drug monitoring of anti-tuberculosis medications: a systematic review of their feasibility and clinical utility. Tuberculosis. 2023;141:102367.","journal-title":"Tuberculosis"},{"issue":"3","key":"1609_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-023-01220-y","volume":"62","author":"PS Rao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rao PS, Modi N, Nguyen NTT, et al. Alternative methods for therapeutic drug monitoring and dose adjustment of tuberculosis treatment in clinical settings: a systematic review. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2023;62(3):375\u201398.","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"issue":"3","key":"1609_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2021.106297","volume":"57","author":"A Trentalange","year":"2021","unstructured":"Trentalange A, Borgogno E, Motta I, et al. Rifampicin and isoniazid maximal concentrations are below efficacy-associated thresholds in the majority of patients: time to increase the doses? Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2021;57(3):106297.","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"issue":"2","key":"1609_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis353","volume":"55","author":"JG Pasipanodya","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pasipanodya JG, Srivastava S, Gumbo T. Meta-analysis of clinical studies supports the pharmacokinetic variability hypothesis for acquired drug resistance and failure of antituberculosis therapy. Clin Infect Dis. 2012;55(2):169\u201377.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4S3","key":"1609_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7448\/IAS.17.4.19585","volume":"17","author":"C Sekaggya Wiltshire","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sekaggya Wiltshire C, Lamorde M, Scherrer A, et al. Low isoniazid and rifampicin concentrations in TB\/HIV co\u2010infected patients in Uganda. J Int AIDS Soc. 2014;17(4S3):19585.","journal-title":"J Int AIDS Soc"},{"issue":"6","key":"1609_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(24)00076-6","volume":"12","author":"R Ruslami","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ruslami R, Fregonese F, Apriani L, et al. High-dose, short-duration versus standard rifampicin for tuberculosis preventive treatment: a partially blinded, three-arm, non-inferiority, randomised, controlled trial. Lancet Respir Med. 2024;12(6):433\u201343.","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"1609_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2020-321426","volume":"107","author":"R Ruslami","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ruslami R, Gafar F, Yunivita V, et al. Pharmacokinetics and safety\/tolerability of isoniazid, rifampicin and pyrazinamide in children and adolescents treated for tuberculous meningitis. Arch Dis Child. 2022;107(1):70\u20137.","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"issue":"1","key":"1609_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000002192","volume":"38","author":"F Gafar","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gafar F, Arifin H, Jurnalis YD, et al. Antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury in children: incidence and risk factors during the two-month intensive phase of therapy. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2019;38(1):50\u20133.","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"2","key":"1609_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2022.102410","volume":"16","author":"AS Metwally","year":"2022","unstructured":"Metwally AS, El-Sheikh SMA, Galal AAA. The impact of diabetes mellitus on the pharmacokinetics of rifampicin among tuberculosis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis study. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2022;16(2):102410.","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr"},{"issue":"11","key":"1609_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-024-03749-8","volume":"80","author":"M Sarkar","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sarkar M, Sarkar J. Therapeutic drug monitoring in tuberculosis. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2024;80(11):1659\u201384.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1609_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-012-1429-9","volume":"69","author":"J Azuma","year":"2013","unstructured":"Azuma J, Ohno M, Kubota R, et al. NAT2 genotype guided regimen reduces isoniazid-induced liver injury and early treatment failure in the 6-month four-drug standard treatment of tuberculosis: a randomized controlled trial for pharmacogenetics-based therapy. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2013;69(5):1091\u2013101.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1609_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000004539","volume":"44","author":"HM Nataprawira","year":"2025","unstructured":"Nataprawira HM, Gafar F, Sari CA, et al. Clinical features, adverse events and treatment outcomes of multidrug\/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis in children and adolescents: an eight-year retrospective cohort study in Bandung, Indonesia. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2025;44(2):143\u201350.","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"4","key":"1609_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.04454-2020","volume":"57","author":"S Srivastava","year":"2021","unstructured":"Srivastava S, Gumbo T. Therapeutic drug monitoring and fluoroquinolones for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Eur Respir J. 2021;57(4):2020\u20131.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"1","key":"1609_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/s40360-021-00479-w","volume":"22","author":"H Kawasuji","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kawasuji H, Tsuji Y, Ogami C, et al. Proposal of initial and maintenance dosing regimens with linezolid for renal impairment patients. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol. 2021;22(1):13.","journal-title":"BMC Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1609_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-024-03652-2","volume":"80","author":"Q Xu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xu Q, Sang Y, Gao A, et al. The effects of drug-drug interaction on linezolid pharmacokinetics: a systematic review. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2024;80(6):785\u201395.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1609_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1614","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00001913","volume":"42","author":"MS Bolhuis","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bolhuis MS, van Altena R, van Soolingen D, et al. Clarithromycin increases linezolid exposure in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients. Eur Respir J. 2013;42(6):1614\u201321.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"11","key":"1609_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.22.0667","volume":"27","author":"I Margineanu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Margineanu I, Butnaru T, Gafar F, et al. TB therapeutic drug monitoring\u2014analysis of opportunities in Romania and Ukraine. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2023;27(11):816\u201321.","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"1609_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1786","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkab075","volume":"76","author":"HY Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim HY, Ruiter E, Jongedijk EM, et al. Saliva-based linezolid monitoring on a mobile UV spectrophotometer. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2021;76(7):1786\u201392.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"2","key":"1609_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkaa420","volume":"76","author":"JWC Alffenaar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alffenaar JWC, Jongedijk EM, van Winkel CAJJ, et al. A mobile microvolume UV\/visible light spectrophotometer for the measurement of levofloxacin in saliva. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2021;76(2):423\u20139.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"6","key":"1609_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkab057","volume":"76","author":"S Mohamed","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mohamed S, Mvungi HC, Sariko M, et al. Levofloxacin pharmacokinetics in saliva as measured by a mobile microvolume UV spectrophotometer among people treated for rifampicin-resistant TB in Tanzania. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2021;76(6):1547\u201352.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"1","key":"1609_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkae404","volume":"80","author":"RH Chen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chen RH, Nguyen TA, Kim HY, et al. Saliva-based point-of-care assay to measure the concentration of pyrazinamide using a mobile UV spectrophotometer. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2025;80(1):254\u201361.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"8","key":"1609_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1774","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz942","volume":"70","author":"JC Alffenaar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Alffenaar JC, Gumbo T, Dooley KE, et al. Integrating pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in operational research to end tuberculosis. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;70(8):1774\u201380.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"1609_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1097\/FTD.0b013e3181cc6d6f","volume":"32","author":"JWC Alffenaar","year":"2010","unstructured":"Alffenaar JWC, Kosterink JGW, van Altena R, et al. Limited sampling strategies for therapeutic drug monitoring of linezolid in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Ther Drug Monit. 2010;32(1):97\u2013101.","journal-title":"Ther Drug Monit"},{"issue":"6","key":"1609_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2017.01.017","volume":"49","author":"J Kamp","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kamp J, Bolhuis MS, Tiberi S, et al. Simple strategy to assess linezolid exposure in patients with multi-drug-resistant and extensively-drug-resistant tuberculosis. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2017;49(6):688\u201394.","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"1609_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmyco.2016.07.003","volume":"5","author":"MS Bolhuis","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bolhuis MS, Akkerman OW, Sturkenboom MGG, et al. Individualized treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis using therapeutic drug monitoring. Int J Mycobacteriol. 2016;5(Suppl 1):S44\u20135.","journal-title":"Int J Mycobacteriol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1609_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00142614","volume":"45","author":"A Daskapan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Daskapan A, de Lange WCM, Akkerman OW, et al. The role of therapeutic drug monitoring in individualised drug dosage and exposure measurement in tuberculosis and HIV co-infection. Eur Respir J. 2015;45(2):569\u201371.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"8","key":"1609_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-014-0222-8","volume":"74","author":"A Alsultan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Alsultan A, Peloquin CA. Therapeutic drug monitoring in the treatment of tuberculosis: an update. Drugs. 2014;74(8):839\u201354.","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"issue":"12","key":"1609_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1695","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.16.0550","volume":"20","author":"MGG Sturkenboom","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sturkenboom MGG, Bolhuis MS, Akkerman OW, et al. Therapeutic drug monitoring of first-line antituberculosis drugs comprises more than C2h measurements. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2016;20(12):1695\u20136.","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"1609_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.2202","volume":"109","author":"SG Wicha","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wicha SG, M\u00e4rtson AG, Nielsen EI, et al. From therapeutic drug monitoring to model-informed precision dosing for antibiotics. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2021;109(4):928\u201341.","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"11","key":"1609_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2015.09.051","volume":"2","author":"T Song","year":"2015","unstructured":"Song T, Lee M, Jeon HS, et al. Linezolid trough concentrations correlate with mitochondrial toxicity-related adverse events in the treatment of chronic extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis. EBioMedicine. 2015;2(11):1627\u201333.","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"1609_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12040714","volume":"12","author":"C Padmapriyadarsini","year":"2023","unstructured":"Padmapriyadarsini C, Solanki R, Jeyakumar SM, et al. Linezolid pharmacokinetics and its association with adverse drug reactions in patients with drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. Antibiotics. 2023;12(4):714.","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"issue":"6","key":"1609_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1867","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00040-2016","volume":"47","author":"S Ghimire","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ghimire S, Bolhuis MS, Sturkenboom MGG, et al. Incorporating therapeutic drug monitoring into the World Health Organization hierarchy of tuberculosis diagnostics. Eur Respir J. 2016;47(6):1867\u20139.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"1","key":"1609_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1097\/FTD.0000000000000936","volume":"44","author":"HY Kim","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kim HY, Byashalira KC, Heysell SK, et al. Therapeutic drug monitoring of anti-infective drugs: implementation strategies for 3 different scenarios. Ther Drug Monit. 2022;44(1):3\u201310.","journal-title":"Ther Drug Monit"},{"issue":"2","key":"1609_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1901908","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01908-2019","volume":"55","author":"JWC Alffenaar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Alffenaar JWC, Akkerman OW, Tiberi S, et al. Should we worry about bedaquiline exposure in the treatment of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis? Eur Respir J. 2020;55(2):1901908.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"}],"container-title":["Clinical Pharmacokinetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40262-025-01609-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40262-025-01609-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40262-025-01609-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T12:02:54Z","timestamp":1770379374000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40262-025-01609-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]]},"references-count":100,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["1609"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40262-025-01609-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0312-5963","1179-1926"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0312-5963","type":"print"},{"value":"1179-1926","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 December 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 January 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All authors (A.R.N., S.S., A.N.H., P.S., L.A., J.W.A., F.G., and R.R.) declare no conflicts of interest. JWA is an Editorial Board member of Clinical Pharmacokinetics but was not involved in the selection of peer reviewers for the manuscript nor any of the subsequent editorial decisions.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of Interest"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Publication"}},{"value":"All data supporting the findings of this study, including supplementary materials, are provided within this published article and its supplementary information files.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Availability of Data and Materials"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Code Availability"}},{"value":"ARN, FG, and JWA conceptualized the study and developed the protocol. ANH, LA, PS, and RR reviewed the protocol. ARN and SS were the main reviewers, with FG acting as an additional reviewer in cases of disagreement. ARN, ANH, FG, JWA, and RR designed and approved the quality assessment checklist for included studies. ARN analyzed the data and created tables and figures under the supervision of ANH, FG, JWA, and RR. ARN wrote the initial draft of the manuscript under the supervision of FG. ANH, FG, LA, PS, JWA, and RR contributed to revising the drafted manuscript. All authors provided critical input to manuscript drafts and approved the final version of the manuscript before submission for publication.","order":8,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Author Contributions"}}]}}