{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T04:33:04Z","timestamp":1791347584517,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]],"date-time":"2024-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710374400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]],"date-time":"2024-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710374400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017407","name":"Universidad Internacional de La Rioja","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ITEI B23-010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ITEI B23-010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CNS Drugs"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-024-01075-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]],"date-time":"2024-03-14T15:02:20Z","timestamp":1710428540000},"page":"255-265","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Current Understanding of Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder and Co-occurring Conditions: What Clinicians Should Know about Pharmacological Options"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5345-0484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gemma","family":"Mestre-Bach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6323-1354","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc N.","family":"Potenza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"1075_CR1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems, 11th edn. ICD-11; 2019."},{"key":"1075_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.7.2018.51","volume":"7","author":"M Gola","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gola M, Potenza MN. Promoting educational, classification, treatment, and policy initiatives. J Behav Addict. 2018;7:208\u201310.","journal-title":"J Behav Addict"},{"key":"1075_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2097","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13297","volume":"111","author":"SW Kraus","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kraus SW, Voon V, Potenza MN. Should compulsive sexual behavior be considered an addiction? Addiction. 2016;111:2097\u2013106.","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"1075_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2015.300","volume":"41","author":"SW Kraus","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kraus SW, Voon V, Potenza MN. Neurobiology of compulsive sexual behavior: emerging science. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2016;41:385\u20136.","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"1075_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1080\/19585969.2022.2134739","volume":"24","author":"D Turner","year":"2022","unstructured":"Turner D, Briken P, Grubbs J, Malandain L, Mestre-Bach G, Potenza MN, et al. The World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry guidelines on the assessment and pharmacological treatment of compulsive sexual behaviour disorder. Dialog Clin Neurosci. 2022;24:10\u201369.","journal-title":"Dialog Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"1075_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106384","volume":"107","author":"R Ballester-Arnal","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ballester-Arnal R, Castro-Calvo J, Gim\u00e9nez-Garc\u00eda C, Gil-Juli\u00e1 B, Gil-Llario MD. Psychiatric comorbidity in compulsive sexual behavior disorder (CSBD). Addict Behav. 2020;107: 106384.","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"key":"1075_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1038\/s41585-020-0343-7","volume":"17","author":"P Briken","year":"2020","unstructured":"Briken P. An integrated model to assess and treat compulsive sexual behaviour disorder. Nat Rev Urol. 2020;17:391\u2013406.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Urol"},{"key":"1075_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1007\/s40429-016-0122-y","volume":"3","author":"EW Leppink","year":"2016","unstructured":"Leppink EW, Grant JE. Behavioral and pharmacological treatment of compulsive sexual behavior\/problematic hypersexuality. Curr Addict Rep. 2016;3:406\u201313.","journal-title":"Curr Addict Rep"},{"key":"1075_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1002\/smrj.34","volume":"3","author":"F von Franqu\u00e9","year":"2015","unstructured":"von Franqu\u00e9 F, Klein V, Briken P. Which techniques are used in psychotherapeutic interventions for nonparaphilic hypersexual behavior? Sex Med Rev. 2015;3:3\u201310.","journal-title":"Sex Med Rev."},{"key":"1075_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.7.2018.127","volume":"7","author":"GR Blycker","year":"2018","unstructured":"Blycker GR, Potenza MN. A mindful model of sexual health: A review and implications of the model for the treatment of individuals with compulsive sexual behavior disorder. J Behav Addict. 2018;7:917\u201329.","journal-title":"J Behav Addict"},{"key":"1075_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.7.2018.26","volume":"7","author":"Y Efrati","year":"2018","unstructured":"Efrati Y, Gola M. Compulsive sexual behavior: a twelve-step therapeutic approach. J Behav Addict. 2018;7:445\u201353.","journal-title":"J Behav Addict"},{"key":"1075_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.4.2015.003","volume":"4","author":"KL Derbyshire","year":"2015","unstructured":"Derbyshire KL, Grant JE. Compulsive sexual behavior: a review of the literature. J Behav Addict. 2015;4:37\u201343.","journal-title":"J Behav Addict"},{"key":"1075_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2015.11.007","volume":"64","author":"A W\u00e9ry","year":"2017","unstructured":"W\u00e9ry A, Billieux J. Problematic cybersex: conceptualization, assessment, and treatment. Addict Behav. 2017;64:238\u201346.","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"key":"1075_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lotfi A, Babakhanin M, Ghazanfarpour M. The effectiveness of intervention with cognitive behavioral therapy on pornography: a systematic review protocol of randomized clinical trial studies. Health Sci Reports. 2021;4(3):e431.","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.341"},{"key":"1075_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2039","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2020.07.018","volume":"17","author":"J Hallberg","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hallberg J, Kaldo V, Arver S, Dhejne C, Piwowar M, Jokinen J, et al. Internet-administered cognitive behavioral therapy for hypersexual disorder, with or without paraphilia(s) or paraphilic disorder(s) in men: a pilot study. J Sex Med. 2020;17:2039\u201354.","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"1075_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2019.03.005","volume":"16","author":"J Hallberg","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hallberg J, Kaldo V, Arver S, Dhejne C, Jokinen J, \u00d6berg KG. A randomized controlled study of group-administered cognitive behavioral therapy for hypersexual disorder in men. J Sex Med. 2019;16:733\u201345.","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"1075_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Malandain L, Blanc JV, Ferreri F, Thibaut F. Pharmacotherapy of sexual addiction. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2020;22:1\u20138.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-020-01153-4"},{"key":"1075_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.2020.00005","volume":"9","author":"M Goslar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Goslar M, Leibetseder M, Muench HM, Hofmann SG, Laireiter AR. Treatments for internet addiction, sex addiction and compulsive buying: a meta-analysis. J Behav Addict. 2020;9:14\u201343.","journal-title":"J Behav Addict"},{"key":"1075_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2013.03.002","volume":"73","author":"RM Swift","year":"2013","unstructured":"Swift RM. Naltrexone and nalmefene: any meaningful difference? Biol Psychiatry. 2013;73:700\u20131.","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"1075_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.2016.1145660","volume":"17","author":"M Piquet-Pess\u00f4a","year":"2016","unstructured":"Piquet-Pess\u00f4a M, Fontenelle LF. Opioid antagonists in broadly defined behavioral addictions: a narrative review. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2016;17:835\u201344.","journal-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother"},{"key":"1075_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1097\/00004850-200109000-00006","volume":"16","author":"SW Kim","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kim SW, Grant JE. An open naltrexone treatment study in pathological gambling disorder. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2001;16:285\u20139.","journal-title":"Int Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"1075_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-008-1235-3","volume":"200","author":"JE Grant","year":"2008","unstructured":"Grant JE, Kim SW, Hollander E, Potenza MN. Predicting response to opiate antagonists and placebo in the treatment of pathological gambling. Psychopharmacology. 2008;200:521\u20137.","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"1075_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/s13181-015-0512-x","volume":"12","author":"D Sudakin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sudakin D. Naltrexone: not just for opioids anymore. J Med Toxicol. 2016;12:71\u20135.","journal-title":"J Med Toxicol"},{"key":"1075_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1274","DOI":"10.1111\/add.12557","volume":"109","author":"JC Garbutt","year":"2014","unstructured":"Garbutt JC, Greenblatt AM, West SL, Morgan LC, Kampov-Polevoy A, Jordan HS, et al. Clinical and biological moderators of response to naltrexone in alcohol dependence: a systematic review of the evidence. Addiction. 2014;109:1274\u201384.","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"1075_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1299","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.16m11220","volume":"78","author":"JE Grant","year":"2017","unstructured":"Grant JE, Potenza MN, Kraus SW, Petrakis IL. Naltrexone and disulfiram treatment response in veterans with alcohol dependence and co-occurring problem-gambling features. J Clin Psychiatry. 2017;78:e1299\u2013306.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"1075_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1159\/000435876","volume":"22","author":"L Kovanen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kovanen L, Basnet S, Castr\u00e9n S, Pankakoski M, Saarikoski ST, Partonen T, et al. A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of as-needed naltrexone in the treatment of pathological gambling. Eur Addict Res. 2016;22:70\u20139.","journal-title":"Eur Addict Res"},{"key":"1075_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.7.2018.89","volume":"7","author":"S Ward","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ward S, Smith N, Bowden-Jones H. The use of naltrexone in pathological and problem gambling: a UK case series. J Behav Addict. 2018;7:827\u201333.","journal-title":"J Behav Addict"},{"key":"1075_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-016-0324-9","volume":"30","author":"C Soares","year":"2016","unstructured":"Soares C, Fernandes N, Morgado P. A review of pharmacologic treatment for compulsive buying disorder. CNS Drugs. 2016;30:281\u201391.","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"1075_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-016-0373-0","volume":"30","author":"E Aboujaoude","year":"2016","unstructured":"Aboujaoude E, Salame WO. Naltrexone: a pan-addiction treatment? CNS Drugs. 2016;30:719\u201333.","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"1075_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.11.022","volume":"65","author":"JE Grant","year":"2009","unstructured":"Grant JE, Kim SW, Odlaug BL. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the opiate antagonist, naltrexone, in the treatment of kleptomania. Biol Psychiatry. 2009;65:600\u20136.","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"1075_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hoffman J, Williams T, Rothbart R, Ipser JC, Fineberg N, Chamberlain SR, Stein DJ. Pharmacotherapy for trichotillomania. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021;9(9):CD007662.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD007662.pub3"},{"key":"1075_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.24869\/psyd.2021.63","volume":"33","author":"L Mendolicchio","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mendolicchio L, Apicella E, Ventura E. Eating disorders and psychofarmachology: rethink the treatment of eating disorders. Psychiatr Danub. 2021;33:63\u20138.","journal-title":"Psychiatr Danub"},{"key":"1075_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2017.19.3\/mpotenza","volume":"19","author":"MN Potenza","year":"2017","unstructured":"Potenza MN. Clinical neuropsychiatric considerations regarding nonsubstance or behavioral addictions. Dialog Clin Neurosci. 2017;19:281\u201391.","journal-title":"Dialog Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"1075_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2021.102943","volume":"68","author":"MK Sharma","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sharma MK, Ganjekar S, Arya S, Ravish H, Anand N. Case-based evidence for cognitive behavioral therapy & naltrexone treatment of internet pornography. Asian J Psychiatry. 2022;68: 102943.","journal-title":"Asian J Psychiatry"},{"key":"1075_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1544","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2020.04.318","volume":"17","author":"J Savard","year":"2020","unstructured":"Savard J, \u00d6berg KG, Chatzittofis A, Dhejne C, Arver S, Jokinen J. Naltrexone in compulsive sexual behavior disorder: a feasibility study of twenty men. J Sex Med. 2020;17:1544\u201352.","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"1075_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.21026","volume":"21","author":"M Lew-Starowicz","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lew-Starowicz M, Draps M, Kowalewska E, Obarska K, Kraus SW, Gola M. Tolerability and efficacy of paroxetine and naltrexone for treatment of compulsive sexual behaviour disorder. World Psychiatry. 2022;21:468\u20139.","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"1075_CR37","first-page":"56","volume":"22","author":"NC Raymond","year":"2010","unstructured":"Raymond NC, Grant JE, Coleman E. Augmentation with naltrexone to treat compulsive sexual behavior: a case series. Ann Clin Psychiatry. 2010;22:56\u201362.","journal-title":"Ann Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"1075_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v65n0715","volume":"65","author":"RS Ryback","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ryback RS. Naltrexone in the treatment of adolescent sexual offenders. J Clin Psychiatry. 2004;65:982\u20136.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"1075_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17l02109","DOI":"10.4088\/PCC.17l02109","volume":"20","author":"M Camacho","year":"2018","unstructured":"Camacho M, Moura AR, Oliveira-Maia AJ. Compulsive sexual behaviors treated with naltrexone monotherapy. Prim Care Companion CNS Disord. 2018;20:17l02109.","journal-title":"Prim Care Companion CNS Disord."},{"key":"1075_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1097\/00004850-200207000-00008","volume":"17","author":"NC Raymond","year":"2002","unstructured":"Raymond NC, Grant JE, Kim SW, Coleman E. Treatment of compulsive sexual behaviour with naltrexone and serotonin reuptake inhibitors: two case studies. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2002;17:201\u20135.","journal-title":"Int Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"1075_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.3109\/10401230109147386","volume":"13","author":"JE Grant","year":"2001","unstructured":"Grant JE, Kim SW. A case of kleptomania and compulsive sexual behavior treated with naltrexone. Ann Clin Psychiatry. 2001;13:229\u201331.","journal-title":"Ann Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"1075_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2017.10.010","volume":"77","author":"L Sniewski","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sniewski L, Farvid P, Carter P. The assessment and treatment of adult heterosexual men with self-perceived problematic pornography use: a review. Addict Behav. 2018;77:217\u201324.","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"key":"1075_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2015.15060843","volume":"172","author":"SW Kraus","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kraus SW, Meshberg-Cohen S, Martino S, Quinones LJ, Potenza MN. Treatment of compulsive pornography use with naltrexone: a case report. Am J Psychiatry. 2015;172:1260\u20131.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"1075_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1111\/ajad.12501","volume":"26","author":"NA Capurso","year":"2017","unstructured":"Capurso NA. Naltrexone for the treatment of comorbid tobacco and pornography addiction. Am J Addict. 2017;26:115\u20137.","journal-title":"Am J Addict"},{"key":"1075_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21083002","volume":"21","author":"A Verholleman","year":"2020","unstructured":"Verholleman A, Victorri-Vigneau C, Laforgue E, Derkinderen P, Verstuyft C, Grall-Bronnec M. Naltrexone use in treating hypersexuality induced by dopamine replacement therapy: impact of OPRM1 a\/g polymorphism on its effectiveness. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21:1\u201313.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"1075_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dowling N, Merkouris S, Lubman D, Thomas S, Bowden-Jones H, Cowlishaw S. Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022;9(9):CD008936.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008936.pub2"},{"key":"1075_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1097\/ADM.0000000000000602","volume":"14","author":"K Yazdi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yazdi K, Fuchs-Leitner I, Gerstgrasser NW. Nalmefene in the treatment of internet pornography addiction\u2014a case report and review of literature. J Addict Med. 2020;14:348\u201351.","journal-title":"J Addict Med"},{"key":"1075_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1057","volume":"33","author":"A Morera-Fumero","year":"2016","unstructured":"Morera-Fumero A, Diaz-Mesa E. Nalmefene as an intermittent treatment for alcohol abuse triggering cocaine and sex consumption. Eur Psychiatry. 2016;33:S309\u2013S309.","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"key":"1075_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"s857","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1708","volume":"41","author":"A Ballesteros","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ballesteros A, Rosero \u00c1S, Inchausti F, Manrique E, S\u00e1iz H, Carri\u00f3n C. Selincro use in a patient diagnosed with dependence to stimulants, alcohol abuse and hyper-sexuality. Eur Psychiatry. 2017;41:s857\u2013s857.","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"key":"1075_CR50","unstructured":"Potenza MN, Hollander E. Pathological gambling and impulse control disorders. In: Neuropsychopharmacol 5th Gener Progress. Baltimore: Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins; 2002. p. 1725\u201342."},{"key":"1075_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1527-3458.2001.tb00189.x","volume":"7","author":"M Bourin","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bourin M, Chue P, Guillon Y. Paroxetine: a review. CNS Drug Rev. 2001;7:25\u201347.","journal-title":"CNS Drug Rev"},{"key":"1075_CR52","first-page":"1","volume":"2012","author":"GM Soomro","year":"2012","unstructured":"Soomro GM. Obsessive compulsive disorder. BMJ Clin Evid. 2012;2012:1\u201328.","journal-title":"BMJ Clin Evid"},{"key":"1075_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1837","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2011.66","volume":"36","author":"B Abler","year":"2011","unstructured":"Abler B, Seeringer A, Hartmann A, Gr\u00f6n G, Metzger C, Walter M, et al. Neural correlates of antidepressant-related sexual dysfunction: a placebo-controlled fmri study on healthy males under subchronic paroxetine and bupropion. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2011;36:1837\u201347.","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"1075_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.5.2016.046","volume":"5","author":"M Gola","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gola M, Potenza MN. Paroxetine treatment of problematic pornography use: a case series. J Behav Addict. 2016;5:529\u201332.","journal-title":"J Behav Addict"},{"key":"1075_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1017\/S1092852900021921","volume":"5","author":"JL Elmore","year":"2000","unstructured":"Elmore JL. SSRI reduction of nonparaphilic sexual addiction. CNS Spectr. 2000;5:53\u20136.","journal-title":"CNS Spectr"},{"key":"1075_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.2.4.681","volume":"2","author":"BG Pollock","year":"2001","unstructured":"Pollock BG. Citalopram: a comprehensive review. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2001;2:681\u201398.","journal-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother"},{"key":"1075_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1968","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v67n1218","volume":"67","author":"ML Wainberg","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wainberg ML, Muench F, Morgenstern J, Hollander E, Irwin TW, Parsons JT, et al. A double-blind study of citalopram versus placebo in the treatment of compulsive sexual behaviors in gay and bisexual men. J Clin Psychiatry. 2006;67:1968\u201373.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"1075_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-0179-2-14","volume":"2","author":"D Marazziti","year":"2006","unstructured":"Marazziti D, Dell\u2019Osso B. Topiramate plus citalopram in the treatment of compulsive-impulsive sexual behaviors. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health. 2006;2:14\u20136.","journal-title":"Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health"},{"key":"1075_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e547","DOI":"10.1097\/MJT.0000000000001011","volume":"27","author":"VS Foletto","year":"2020","unstructured":"Foletto VS, Serafin MB, da Rosa TF, Bottega A, Coelho SS, Machado CDS, et al. Fluoxetine and paroxetine: repositioning as a therapeutic alternative in the treatment of various diseases. Am J Ther. 2020;27:e547\u201351.","journal-title":"Am J Ther"},{"key":"1075_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v61n0912","volume":"61","author":"MP Kafka","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kafka MP, Hennen J. Psychostimulant augmentation during treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in men with paraphilias and paraphilia-related disorders: a case series. J Clin Psychiatry. 2000;61:664\u201370.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"1075_CR61","first-page":"351","volume":"53","author":"MP Kafka","year":"1992","unstructured":"Kafka MP, Prentky R. Fluoxetine treatment of nonparaphilic sexual addictions and paraphilias in men. J Clin Psychiatry. 1992;53:351\u20138.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"1075_CR62","volume":"14","author":"G Singh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Singh G, Singh H, Magny S, et al. Use of fluoxetine in treating compulsive sexual behavior: a case report. Cureus. 2022;14: e29245.","journal-title":"Cureus."},{"key":"1075_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1080\/14789949.2017.1337801","volume":"29","author":"B Winder","year":"2018","unstructured":"Winder B, Lievesley R, Elliott H, Hocken K, Faulkner J, Norman C, et al. Evaluation of the use of pharmacological treatment with prisoners experiencing high levels of hypersexual disorder. J Forensic Psychiatry Psychol. 2018;29:53\u201371.","journal-title":"J Forensic Psychiatry Psychol"},{"key":"1075_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1080\/14789949.2014.903504","volume":"25","author":"B Winder","year":"2014","unstructured":"Winder B, Lievesley R, Kaul A, Elliott HJ, Thorne K, Hocken K. Preliminary evaluation of the use of pharmacological treatment with convicted sexual offenders experiencing high levels of sexual preoccupation, hypersexuality and\/or sexual compulsivity. J Forensic Psychiatry Psychol. 2014;25:176\u201394.","journal-title":"J Forensic Psychiatry Psychol"},{"key":"1075_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-051756","volume":"12","author":"J Savard","year":"2022","unstructured":"Savard J, G\u00f6rts \u00d6berg K, Dhejne C, Jokinen J. A randomised controlled trial of fluoxetine versus naltrexone in compulsive sexual behaviour disorder: presentation of the study protocol. BMJ Open. 2022;12:1\u20138.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"1075_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1177\/2631831819890766","volume":"1","author":"SA De","year":"2019","unstructured":"De SA. Compulsive pornography use in late life: a case report. J Psychosex Health. 2019;1:275\u20136.","journal-title":"J Psychosex Health."},{"key":"1075_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.158.10.1590","volume":"158","author":"DJ Stein","year":"2001","unstructured":"Stein DJ, Black DW, Shapira NA, Spitzer RL. Hypersexual disorder and preoccupation with internet pornography. Am J Psychiatry. 2001;158:1590\u20134.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"1075_CR68","first-page":"372","volume":"3","author":"A De Sousa","year":"2016","unstructured":"De Sousa A. Fluoxetine in the management of pornography addiction. Indian J Ment Health. 2016;3:372\u20134.","journal-title":"Indian J Ment Health."},{"key":"1075_CR69","first-page":"97","volume":"18","author":"EO Olose","year":"2021","unstructured":"Olose EO, Busari CO, Anake GA, Adubina BI, Ogundare T. Pornography addiction in a university undergraduate: a case report. World J Med Sci. 2021;18:97\u2013102.","journal-title":"World J Med Sci."},{"key":"1075_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2007.04.011","volume":"31","author":"C Schupak","year":"2007","unstructured":"Schupak C. Case report: lamotrigine\/fluoxetine combination in the treatment of compulsive sexual behavior. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2007;31:1337\u20138.","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"1075_CR71","unstructured":"Sertraline. LiverTox: clinical and research information on drug-induced liver injury. Bethesda: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; 2020."},{"key":"1075_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.3109\/10401239409149003","volume":"6","author":"MP Kafka","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kafka MP. Sertraline pharmacotherapy for paraphilias and paraphilia-related disorders: an open trial. Ann Clin Psychiatry. 1994;6:189\u201395.","journal-title":"Ann Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"1075_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(11)60846-X","volume":"83","author":"JM Bostwick","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bostwick JM, Bucci JA. Internet sex addiction treated with naltrexone. Mayo Clin Proc. 2008;83:226\u201330.","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"1075_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2011.04.015","volume":"100","author":"MF Olive","year":"2012","unstructured":"Olive MF, Cleva RM, Kalivas PW, Malcolm RJ. Glutamatergic medications for the treatment of drug and behavioral addictions. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2012;100:801\u201310.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Biochem Behav"},{"key":"1075_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1097\/01.jcp.0000177849.23534.bf","volume":"25","author":"TW Fong","year":"2005","unstructured":"Fong TW, La GRD, Newton TF. A case report of topiramate in the treatment of nonparaphilic sexual addiction. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2005;25:512\u20134.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"1075_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-6-22","volume":"6","author":"Y Khazaal","year":"2006","unstructured":"Khazaal Y, Zullino DF. Topiramate in the treatment of compulsive sexual behavior: case report. BMC Psychiatry. 2006;6:8\u201311.","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"1075_CR77","unstructured":"Clomipramine. LiverTox: clinical and research information on drug-induced liver injury. Bethesda: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; 2012. 2017."},{"key":"1075_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1097\/00004714-199304000-00015","volume":"13","author":"R Rubey","year":"1993","unstructured":"Rubey R, Brady KT, Norris GT. Clomipramine treatment of sexual preoccupation. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 1993;13:158\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"1075_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01542257","volume":"21","author":"MJ Kruesi","year":"1992","unstructured":"Kruesi MJ, Fine S, Valladares L, Phillips RA, Rapoport JL. Paraphilias: a double-blind crossover comparison of clomipramine versus desipramine. Arch Sex Behav. 1992;21:587\u201393.","journal-title":"Arch Sex Behav"},{"key":"1075_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.2165\/00044011-200727030-00005","volume":"27","author":"M Gulsun","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gulsun M, Gulcat Z, Aydin H. Treatment of compulsive sexual behaviour with clomipramine and valproic acid. Clin Drug Investig. 2007;27:219\u201323.","journal-title":"Clin Drug Investig"},{"key":"1075_CR81","first-page":"267","volume":"53","author":"DJ Stein","year":"1992","unstructured":"Stein DJ, Hollander E, Anthony DT, Schneier FR, Fallon BA, Liebowitz MR, et al. Serotonergic medications for sexual obsessions, sexual addictions, and paraphilias. J Clin Psychiatry. 1992;53:267\u201371.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"1075_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/0924-9338(96)80304-X","volume":"10","author":"M Azhar","year":"1995","unstructured":"Azhar M, Varma S. Response of clomipramine in sexual addiction. Eur Psychiatry. 1995;10:263\u20134.","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"key":"1075_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Antons S, Engel J, Briken P, Kr\u00fcger THC, Brand M, Stark R. Treatments and interventions for compulsive sexual behavior disorder with a focus on problematic pornography use: a preregistered systematic review. J Behav Addict. 2022;11(3):643\u2013666.","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.2022.00061"},{"key":"1075_CR84","first-page":"282","volume":"61","author":"E Coleman","year":"2000","unstructured":"Coleman E, Gratzer T, Nesvacil L, Raymond NC. Nefazodone and the treatment of nonparaphilic compulsive sexual behavior: a retrospective study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2000;61:282\u20134.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"1075_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2022.07.066","volume":"154","author":"AW Blum","year":"2022","unstructured":"Blum AW, Grant JE. N-acetylcysteine in the treatment of compulsive sexual behavior disorder: a case series. J Psychiatr Res. 2022;154:203\u20136.","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"1075_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2015.02.007","volume":"59","author":"SW Kraus","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kraus SW, Potenza MN, Martino S, Grant JE. Examining the psychometric properties of the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale in a sample of compulsive pornography users. Compr Psychiatry. 2015;59:117\u201322.","journal-title":"Compr Psychiatry"},{"key":"1075_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.154.2.243","volume":"154","author":"DW Black","year":"1997","unstructured":"Black DW, Kehrberg LLD, Flumerfelt DL, Schlosser SS. Characteristics of 36 subjects reporting compulsive sexual behavior. Am J Psychiatry. 1997;154:243\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"1075_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gola M, Lewczuk K, Potenza MN, Kingston DA, Grubbs JB, Stark R, et al. What should be included in the criteria for compulsive sexual behavior disorder? J Behav Addict. 2020;11(2):160\u2013165.","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.2020.00090"},{"key":"1075_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2020.101925","volume":"82","author":"JB Grubbs","year":"2020","unstructured":"Grubbs JB, Hoagland KC, Lee BN, Grant JT, Davison P, Reid RC, et al. Sexual addiction 25 years on: a systematic and methodological review of empirical literature and an agenda for future research. Clin Psychol Rev. 2020;82: 101925.","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"key":"1075_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.20221043","volume":"181","author":"GM Goodwin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Goodwin GM, Malievskaia E, Fonzo GA, Nemeroff CB. Must psilocybin always \u201cassist psychotherapy\u201d? Am J Psychiatry. 2024;181:20\u20135.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"1075_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-023-01656-7","volume":"49","author":"JM Mitchell","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mitchell JM, Anderson BT. Psychedelic therapies reconsidered: compounds, clinical indications, and cautious optimism. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2024;49:96\u2013103.","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"}],"container-title":["CNS Drugs"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40263-024-01075-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40263-024-01075-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40263-024-01075-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,29]],"date-time":"2024-03-29T09:12:19Z","timestamp":1711703539000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40263-024-01075-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]]},"references-count":91,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]}},"alternative-id":["1075"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40263-024-01075-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1172-7047","1179-1934"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1172-7047","type":"print"},{"value":"1179-1934","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 February 2024","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 March 2024","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This work was supported by the\u00a0ITEI B23-010 project (Universidad Internacional de La Rioja).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Funding"}},{"value":"Neither of the authors have any conflicts of interest. Dr. Potenza discloses that he has consulted for and advised Game Day Data, Addiction Policy Forum, AXA, Idorsia, Baria-Tek, and Opiant Therapeutics; been involved in a patent application with Yale University and Novartis; received research support from the Mohegan Sun Casino, Children and Screens and the Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling; consulted for or advised legal and gambling entities on issues related to impulse control, internet use and addictive behaviors; provided clinical care related to impulse-control and addictive behaviors; performed grant reviews; edited journals\/journal sections; given academic lectures in grand rounds, CME events, and other clinical\/scientific venues; and generated books or chapters for publishers of mental health texts.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Availability of data and material"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":8,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Code availability"}},{"value":"G.M.B. and M.N.P. wrote the manuscript. Both authors reviewed the manuscript, approved its content, and agree to be accountable for the work.","order":9,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Author contributions"}}]}}