{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T06:52:13Z","timestamp":1791355933075,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,28]],"date-time":"2015-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1438041600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Australian Government National Health and Medical Research Council Centre of Research Excellence in Post-Marketing Surveillance of Medicines and Medical Devices Grant","award":["GNT1040938"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GNT1040938"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Drug Saf"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40264-015-0318-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,27]],"date-time":"2015-07-27T10:57:19Z","timestamp":1437994639000},"page":"823-831","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Variation in Association Between Thiazolidinediones and Heart Failure Across Ethnic Groups: Retrospective analysis of Large Healthcare Claims Databases in Six Countries"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Elizabeth E.","family":"Roughead","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esther W.","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nam-Kyong","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michio","family":"Kimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomomi","family":"Kimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiyoshi","family":"Kubota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward Chia-Cheng","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth K. C.","family":"Man","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tuan Anh","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobuhiro","family":"Ooba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Byung-Joo","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsugumichi","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ju-Young","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"TongTong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenna","family":"Griffiths","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian C. K.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yea-Huei Kao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole L.","family":"Pratt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"318_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.2165\/11587580-000000000-00000","volume":"11","author":"AV Hernandez","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hernandez AV, Usmani A, Rajamanickam A, Moheet A. Thiazolidinediones and risk of heart failure in patients with or at high risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis of placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs. 2011;11(2):115\u201328. doi: 10.2165\/11587580-000000000-00000 .","journal-title":"Am J Cardiovasc Drugs"},{"issue":"10","key":"318_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.298.10.1180","volume":"298","author":"AM Lincoff","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lincoff AM, Wolski K, Nicholls SJ, Nissen SE. Pioglitazone and risk of cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. JAMA. 2007;298(10):1180\u20138. doi: 10.1001\/jama.298.10.1180 .","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"318_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2009.01.064","volume":"143","author":"E Mannucci","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mannucci E, Monami M, Di Bari M, Lamanna C, Gori F, Gensini GF, et al. Cardiac safety profile of rosiglitazone: a comprehensive meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Int J Cardiol. 2010;143(2):135\u201340. doi: 10.1016\/j.ijcard.2009.01.064 .","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"issue":"23","key":"318_CR4","first-page":"4301","volume":"125","author":"X Chen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chen X, Yang L, Zhai SD. Risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality among diabetic patients prescribed rosiglitazone or pioglitazone: a meta-analysis of retrospective cohort studies. Chin Med J. 2012;125(23):4301\u20136.","journal-title":"Chin Med J"},{"key":"318_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"d1309","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d1309","volume":"342","author":"YK Loke","year":"2011","unstructured":"Loke YK, Kwok CS, Singh S. Comparative cardiovascular effects of thiazolidinediones: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. BMJ. 2011;342:d1309. doi: 10.1136\/bmj.d1309 .","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"318_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-7843.2006.pto_437.x","volume":"99","author":"T Jaakkola","year":"2006","unstructured":"Jaakkola T, Laitila J, Neuvonen PJ, Backman JT. Pioglitazone is metabolised by CYP2C8 and CYP3A4 in vitro: potential for interactions with CYP2C8 inhibitors. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2006;99(1):44\u201351. doi: 10.1111\/j.1742-7843.2006.pto_437.x .","journal-title":"Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"issue":"3","key":"318_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2125.1999.00030.x","volume":"48","author":"SJ Baldwin","year":"1999","unstructured":"Baldwin SJ, Clarke SE, Chenery RJ. Characterization of the cytochrome P450 enzymes involved in the in vitro metabolism of rosiglitazone. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1999;48(3):424\u201332.","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"4","key":"318_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1038\/tpj.2012.10","volume":"13","author":"S Martis","year":"2013","unstructured":"Martis S, Peter I, Hulot JS, Kornreich R, Desnick RJ, Scott SA. Multi-ethnic distribution of clinically relevant CYP2C genotypes and haplotypes. Pharmacogenomics J. 2013;13(4):369\u201377. doi: 10.1038\/tpj.2012.10 .","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics J"},{"issue":"1","key":"318_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03256440","volume":"10","author":"E Garcia-Martin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Garcia-Martin E, Martinez C, Ladero JM, Agundez JA. Interethnic and intraethnic variability of CYP2C8 and CYP2C9 polymorphisms in healthy individuals. Mol Diagn Ther. 2006;10(1):29\u201340.","journal-title":"Mol Diagn Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"318_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.110.035899","volume":"39","author":"CW Yeo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yeo CW, Lee SJ, Lee SS, Bae SK, Kim EY, Shon JH, et al. Discovery of a novel allelic variant of CYP2C8, CYP2C8*11, in Asian populations and its clinical effect on the rosiglitazone disposition in vivo. Drug Metab Dispos. 2011;39(4):711\u20136. doi: 10.1124\/dmd.110.035899 .","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"issue":"12","key":"318_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200544120-00002","volume":"44","author":"J Kirchheiner","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kirchheiner J, Roots I, Goldammer M, Rosenkranz B, Brockmoller J. Effect of genetic polymorphisms in cytochrome p450 (CYP) 2C9 and CYP2C8 on the pharmacokinetics of oral antidiabetic drugs: clinical relevance. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2005;44(12):1209\u201325.","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"issue":"1","key":"318_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.107.018010","volume":"36","author":"A Tornio","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tornio A, Niemi M, Neuvonen PJ, Backman JT. Trimethoprim and the CYP2C8*3 allele have opposite effects on the pharmacokinetics of pioglitazone. Drug Metab Dispos. 2008;36(1):73\u201380. doi: 10.1124\/dmd.107.018010 .","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"318_CR13","first-page":"S133","volume":"53","author":"K Zhou","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zhou K, Burch L, Vella S, Palmer CNA, Pearson ER. CYP2C8 variant reduce the therapeutic response to thiazolidinediones\u2014a GoDARTS study. Diabetologia. 2010;53(Suppl 1):S133.","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"318_CR14","first-page":"CD000259","volume":"2","author":"G Jamtvedt","year":"2006","unstructured":"Jamtvedt G, Young JM, Kristoffersen DT, O\u2019Brien MA, Oxman AD. Audit and feedback: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006;2:CD000259. doi: 10.1002\/14651858.CD000259.pub2 .","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev."},{"key":"318_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Man M, Farmen M, Dumaual C, Teng CH, Moser B, Irie S et al. Genetic variation in metabolizing enzyme and transporter genes: comprehensive assessment in 3 major East Asian subpopulations with comparison to Caucasians and Africans. J Clin Pharmacol. 50(8):929\u201340. doi: 10.1177\/0091270009355161 .","DOI":"10.1177\/0091270009355161"},{"issue":"4","key":"318_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1517\/14740338.2012.691963","volume":"11","author":"J Kung","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kung J, Henry RR. Thiazolidinedione safety. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2012;11(4):565\u201379. doi: 10.1517\/14740338.2012.691963 .","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Saf"},{"issue":"11","key":"318_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2489","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-0513","volume":"29","author":"A Tonjes","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tonjes A, Scholz M, Loeffler M, Stumvoll M. Association of Pro12Ala polymorphism in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma with pre-diabetic phenotypes: meta-analysis of 57 studies on nondiabetic individuals. Diabetes Care. 2006;29(11):2489\u201397. doi: 10.2337\/dc06-0513 .","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"8","key":"318_CR18","first-page":"3989","volume":"87","author":"L Frederiksen","year":"2002","unstructured":"Frederiksen L, Brodbaek K, Fenger M, Jorgensen T, Borch-Johnsen K, Madsbad S, et al. Comment: studies of the Pro12Ala polymorphism of the PPAR-gamma gene in the Danish MONICA cohort: homozygosity of the Ala allele confers a decreased risk of the insulin resistance syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87(8):3989\u201392. doi: 10.1210\/jcem.87.8.8732 .","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"318_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.50.4.891","volume":"50","author":"H Mori","year":"2001","unstructured":"Mori H, Ikegami H, Kawaguchi Y, Seino S, Yokoi N, Takeda J, et al. The Pro12\u00a0\u2192\u00a0Ala substitution in PPAR-gamma is associated with resistance to development of diabetes in the general population: possible involvement in impairment of insulin secretion in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes. 2001;50(4):891\u20134.","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"6","key":"318_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwp450","volume":"171","author":"HN Gouda","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gouda HN, Sagoo GS, Harding AH, Yates J, Sandhu MS, Higgins JP. The association between the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma2 (PPARG2) Pro12Ala gene variant and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a HuGE review and meta-analysis. Am J Epidemiol. 2010;171(6):645\u201355. doi: 10.1093\/aje\/kwp450 .","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"318_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2008.00905.x","volume":"10","author":"Z Li","year":"2008","unstructured":"Li Z, Peng X, Wu Y, Xia Y, Liu X, Zhang Q. The influence of adiponectin gene polymorphism on the pioglitazone response in the Chinese with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2008;10(9):794\u2013802. doi: 10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2008.00905.x .","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"318_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2008.03145.x","volume":"65","author":"H Sun","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sun H, Gong ZC, Yin JY, Liu HL, Liu YZ, Guo ZW, et al. The association of adiponectin allele 45T\/G and-11377C\/G polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes and rosiglitazone response in Chinese patients. Brit J Clin Pharmacol. 2008;65(6):917\u201326. doi: 10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2008.03145.x .","journal-title":"Brit J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"7","key":"318_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.3439","volume":"22","author":"M Andersen","year":"2013","unstructured":"AsPEN collaborators, Andersen M, Bergman U, Choi NK, Gerhard T, Huang C, et al. The Asian Pharmacoepidemiology Network (AsPEN): promoting multi-national collaboration for pharmacoepidemiologic research in Asia. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2013;22(7):700\u20134. doi: 10.1002\/pds.3439 .","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"key":"318_CR24","unstructured":"WHO collaborating centre for drug statistics methodology. ATC - structure and principles. 2011. http:\/\/www.whocc.no\/atc\/structure_and_principles\/ . Accessed 17 Jan 2014."},{"key":"318_CR25","volume-title":"International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems 10th revision","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2002","unstructured":"World Health Organization. International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems 10th revision. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2002."},{"issue":"5","key":"318_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199609000-00004","volume":"7","author":"J Hallas","year":"1996","unstructured":"Hallas J. Evidence of depression provoked by cardiovascular medication: a prescription sequence symmetry analysis. Epidemiology. 1996;7(5):478\u201384.","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"318_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.3417","volume":"22","author":"IA Wahab","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wahab IA, Pratt NL, Wiese MD, Kalisch LM, Roughead EE. The validity of sequence symmetry analysis (SSA) for adverse drug reaction signal detection. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2013;22(5):496\u2013502. doi: 10.1002\/pds.3417 .","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"key":"318_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-66","volume":"14","author":"NL Pratt","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pratt NL, Ilomaki J, Raymond C, Roughead EE. The performance of sequence symmetry analysis as a tool for post-market surveillance of newly marketed medicines: a simulation study. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2014;14:66. doi: 10.1186\/1471-2288-14-66 .","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"318_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wahab IA, Pratt NL, Kalisch LM, Roughead EE. Sequence symmetry analysis and disproportionality analyses: what percentage of adverse drug reaction do they signal? Adv Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2013;2:140. doi: 10.4172\/2167-1052.1000140 .","DOI":"10.4172\/2167-1052.1000140"},{"issue":"1","key":"318_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/s40264-013-0124-9","volume":"37","author":"IA Wahab","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wahab IA, Pratt NL, Kalisch LM, Roughead EE. Comparing time to adverse drug reaction signals in a spontaneous reporting database and a claims database: a case study of rofecoxib-induced myocardial infarction and rosiglitazone-induced heart failure signals in Australia. Drug Saf. 2014;37(1):53\u201364. doi: 10.1007\/s40264-013-0124-9 .","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"key":"318_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pratt N, Andersen M, Bergman U, Choi NK, Gerhard T, Huang C et al. Multi-country rapid adverse drug event assessment: the Asian PharmacoEpidemiology Network (AsPEN) antipsychotic and acute hyperglycaemia study. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2013. doi: 10.1002\/pds.3440 .","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.3440"},{"issue":"6","key":"318_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.1736","volume":"18","author":"I Tsiropoulos","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tsiropoulos I, Andersen M, Hallas J. Adverse events with use of antiepileptic drugs: a prescription and event symmetry analysis. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2009;18(6):483\u201391.","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"key":"318_CR33","unstructured":"Higgins JPT, Green S. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 [updated March 2011] (ed). The Cochrane Collaboration. 2011. http:\/\/handbook.cochrane.org\/ . Accessed 5 Jan 2015."}],"container-title":["Drug Safety"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40264-015-0318-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40264-015-0318-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40264-015-0318-4","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,26]],"date-time":"2019-02-26T18:12:24Z","timestamp":1551204744000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40264-015-0318-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,28]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]}},"alternative-id":["318"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40264-015-0318-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0114-5916","1179-1942"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0114-5916","type":"print"},{"value":"1179-1942","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,28]]}}}