{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T14:42:24Z","timestamp":1790952144929,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]],"date-time":"2020-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604016000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]],"date-time":"2020-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604016000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007543","name":"Agence Nationale de S\u00e9curit\u00e9 du M\u00e9dicament et des Produits de Sant\u00e9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2014s029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014s029"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007543","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Drug Saf"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40264-020-00992-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]],"date-time":"2020-10-30T04:02:35Z","timestamp":1604030555000},"page":"53-62","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Patterns of Benzodiazepine Use and Excess Risk of All-Cause Mortality in the Elderly: A Nationwide Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Cl\u00e9ment","family":"Mathieu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Joly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9l\u00e8ne","family":"Jacqmin-Gadda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathilde","family":"Wanneveich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"B\u00e9gaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7873-5483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antoine","family":"Pariente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"992_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-011-0344-1","volume":"47","author":"CM Sonnenberg","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sonnenberg CM, Bierman EJM, Deeg DJH, Comijs HC, van Tilburg W, Beekman ATF. Ten-year trends in benzodiazepine use in the Dutch population. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2012;47:293\u2013301.","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"992_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.3825","volume":"25","author":"C Huerta","year":"2016","unstructured":"Huerta C, Abbing-Karahagopian V, Requena G, Oliva B, Alvarez Y, Gardarsdottir H, et al. Exposure to benzodiazepines (anxiolytics, hypnotics and related drugs) in seven European electronic healthcare databases: a cross-national descriptive study from the PROTECT-EU Project. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2016;25(Suppl. 1):56\u2013655.","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"key":"992_CR3","unstructured":"Agence nationale de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 du m\u00e9dicament, et des produits de sant\u00e9. Etat des lieux en 2013 de la consommation des benzodiaz\u00e9pines en France: point d\u2019information. 2013. https:\/\/ansm.sante.fr\/S-informer\/points-d-information-points-d-information\/etat-des-lieux-en-2013-de-la-consommation-des-benzodiazepines-en-France-point-d-information. Accessed 11 Aug 2020."},{"key":"992_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2014.1763","volume":"72","author":"M Olfson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Olfson M, King M, Schoenbaum M. Benzodiazepine use in the United States. JAMA Psychiatry. 2015;72:136\u201342.","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"992_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-016-2044-y","volume":"72","author":"A B\u00e9nard-Laribi\u00e8re","year":"2016","unstructured":"B\u00e9nard-Laribi\u00e8re A, Noize P, Pambrun E, Bazin F, Verdoux H, Tournier M, et al. Comorbidities and concurrent medications increasing the risk of adverse drug reactions: prevalence in French benzodiazepine users. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2016;72:869\u201376.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"992_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-4575(02)00153-7","volume":"36","author":"OH Drummer","year":"2004","unstructured":"Drummer OH, Gerostamoulos J, Batziris H, Chu M, Caplehorn J, Robertson MD, et al. The involvement of drugs in drivers of motor vehicles killed in Australian road traffic crashes. Accid Anal Prev. 2004;36:239\u201348.","journal-title":"Accid Anal Prev"},{"key":"992_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.2165\/00002512-200825010-00007","volume":"25","author":"A Pariente","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pariente A, Dartigues J-F, Benichou J, Letenneur L, Moore N, Fourrier-R\u00e9glat A. Benzodiazepines and injurious falls in community dwelling elders. Drugs Aging. 2008;25:61\u201370.","journal-title":"Drugs Aging"},{"key":"992_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1625","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.13075","volume":"82","author":"L Orriols","year":"2016","unstructured":"Orriols L, Luxcey A, Contrand B, Gadegbeku B, Delorme B, Tricotel A, et al. Road traffic crash risk associated with benzodiazepine and z-hypnotic use after implementation of a colour-graded pictogram: a responsibility study. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2016;82:1625\u201335.","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"992_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1002347","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002347","volume":"14","author":"M N\u00e9e","year":"2017","unstructured":"N\u00e9e M, Avalos M, Luxcey A, Contrand B, Salmi L-R, Fourrier-R\u00e9glat A, et al. Prescription medicine use by pedestrians and the risk of injurious road traffic crashes: a case-crossover study. PLoS Med. 2017;14:e1002347.","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"992_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1097\/JGP.0b013e3181a65210","volume":"17","author":"C-S Wu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wu C-S, Wang S-C, Chang I-S, Lin K-M. The association between dementia and long-term use of benzodiazepine in the elderly: nested case-control study using claims data. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2009;17:614\u201320.","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"992_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"g5205","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g5205","volume":"349","author":"S Billioti de Gage","year":"2014","unstructured":"Billioti de Gage S, Moride Y, Ducruet T, Kurth T, Verdoux H, Tournier M, et al. Benzodiazepine use and risk of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: case-control study. BMJ. 2014;349:g5205.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"992_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-151006","volume":"54","author":"W Gomm","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gomm W, von Holt K, Thom\u00e9 F, Broich K, Maier W, Weckbecker K, et al. Regular benzodiazepine and Z-substance use and risk of dementia: an analysis of German claims data. J Alzheimers Dis. 2016;54:801\u20138.","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"992_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0127836","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0127836","volume":"10","author":"G Zhong","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhong G, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Zhao Y. Association between benzodiazepine use and dementia: a meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. 2015;10:e0127836.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"992_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e49113","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0049113","volume":"7","author":"P-L Chen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chen P-L, Lee W-J, Sun W-Z, Oyang Y-J, Fuh J-L. Risk of dementia in patients with insomnia and long-term use of hypnotics: a population-based retrospective cohort study. PLoS ONE. 2012;7:e49113.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"992_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e6231","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e6231","volume":"345","author":"S Billioti de Gage","year":"2012","unstructured":"Billioti de Gage S, B\u00e9gaud B, Bazin F, Verdoux H, Dartigues J-F, P\u00e9r\u00e8s K, et al. Benzodiazepine use and risk of dementia: prospective population based study. BMJ. 2012;345:e6231.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"992_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1097\/JGP.0b013e3181e049ca","volume":"19","author":"C-S Wu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wu C-S, Ting T-T, Wang S-C, Chang I-S, Lin K-M. Effect of benzodiazepine discontinuation on dementia risk. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2011;19:151\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"992_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(01)00453-X","volume":"55","author":"R Lagnaoui","year":"2002","unstructured":"Lagnaoui R, B\u00e9gaud B, Moore N, Chaslerie A, Fourrier A, Letenneur L, et al. Benzodiazepine use and risk of dementia: a nested case-control study. J Clin Epidemiol. 2002;55:314\u20138.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"992_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"j2941","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j2941","volume":"358","author":"E Patorno","year":"2017","unstructured":"Patorno E, Glynn RJ, Levin R, Lee MP, Huybrechts KF. Benzodiazepines and risk of all cause mortality in adults: cohort study. BMJ. 2017;358:j2941.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"992_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2942","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.22.2942","volume":"290","author":"DJ Vinkers","year":"2003","unstructured":"Vinkers DJ, Gussekloo J, van der Mast RC, Zitman FG, Westendorp RGJ. Benzodiazepine use and risk of mortality in individuals aged 85 years or older. JAMA. 2003;290:2942\u20133.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"992_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1111\/fcp.12214","volume":"30","author":"A Palmaro","year":"2016","unstructured":"Palmaro A, Moulis G, Despas F, Dupouy J, Lapeyre-Mestre M. Overview of drug data within French health insurance databases and implications for pharmacoepidemiological studies. Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 2016;30:616\u201324.","journal-title":"Fundam Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"992_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5002548","volume":"72","author":"WC Winkelmayer","year":"2007","unstructured":"Winkelmayer WC, Mehta J, Wang PS. Benzodiazepine use and mortality of incident dialysis patients in the United States. Kidney Int. 2007;72:1388\u201393.","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"992_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0145271","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0145271","volume":"10","author":"T-Y Lan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lan T-Y, Zeng Y-F, Tang G-J, Kao H-C, Chiu H-J, Lan T-H, et al. The use of hypnotics and mortality: a population-based retrospective cohort study. PLoS ONE. 2015;10:e0145271.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"992_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"g1996","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g1996","volume":"348","author":"S Weich","year":"2014","unstructured":"Weich S, Pearce HL, Croft P, Singh S, Crome I, Bashford J, et al. Effect of anxiolytic and hypnotic drug prescriptions on mortality hazards: retrospective cohort study. BMJ. 2014;348:g1996.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"992_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(97)00292-8","volume":"43","author":"DF Kripke","year":"1998","unstructured":"Kripke DF, Klauber MR, Wingard DL, Fell RL, Assmus JD, Garfinkel L. Mortality hazard associated with prescription hypnotics. Biol Psychiatry. 1998;43:687\u201393.","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"992_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-11-212","volume":"11","author":"I Jaussent","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jaussent I, Ancelin M-L, Berr C, P\u00e9r\u00e8s K, Scali J, Besset A, et al. Hypnotics and mortality in an elderly general population: a 12-year prospective study. BMC Med. 2013;11:212.","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"992_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e4614","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.4614","volume":"6","author":"A Mokhar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mokhar A, Tillenburg N, Dirmaier J, Kuhn S, H\u00e4rter M, Verthein U. Potentially inappropriate use of benzodiazepines and z-drugs in the older population-analysis of associations between long-term use and patient-related factors. PeerJ. 2018;6:e4614.","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"992_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2016.06.003","volume":"24","author":"RD Maree","year":"2016","unstructured":"Maree RD, Marcum ZA, Saghafi E, Weiner DK, Karp JF. A systematic review of opioid and benzodiazepine misuse in older adults. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2016;24:949\u201363.","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"992_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respe.2010.04.005","volume":"58","author":"P Tuppin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tuppin P, de Roquefeuil L, Weill A, Ricordeau P, Merli\u00e8re Y. French national health insurance information system and the permanent beneficiaries sample. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 2010;58:286\u201390.","journal-title":"Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique"},{"key":"992_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1111\/fcp.12143","volume":"29","author":"J Bezin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bezin J, Girodet P-O, Rambelomanana S, Touya M, Ferreira P, Gilleron V, et al. Choice of ICD-10 codes for the identification of acute coronary syndrome in the French hospitalization database. Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 2015;29:586\u201391.","journal-title":"Fundam Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"992_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.4233","volume":"26","author":"J Bezin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bezin J, Duong M, Lassalle R, Droz C, Pariente A, Blin P, et al. The national healthcare system claims databases in France, SNIIRAM and EGB: powerful tools for pharmacoepidemiology. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2017;26:954\u201362.","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"key":"992_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1007\/s40264-018-0686-7","volume":"41","author":"M Duong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Duong M, Abouelfath A, Lassalle R, Droz C, Blin P, Moore N. Coronary events after dispensing of ibuprofen: a propensity score-matched cohort study versus paracetamol in the French nationwide claims database sample. Drug Saf. 2018;41:1049\u201358.","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"key":"992_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-011-1077-5","volume":"67","author":"B Bongue","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bongue B, Laroche ML, Gutton S, Colvez A, Gu\u00e9guen R, Moulin JJ, et al. Potentially inappropriate drug prescription in the elderly in France: a population-based study from the French National Insurance Healthcare system. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2011;67:1291\u20139.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"992_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwn135","volume":"168","author":"S Suissa","year":"2008","unstructured":"Suissa S. Immeasurable time bias in observational studies of drug effects on mortality. Am J Epidemiol. 2008;168:329\u201335.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"992_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1016\/S1047-2797(97)00126-9","volume":"7","author":"CI Neutel","year":"1997","unstructured":"Neutel CI, Patten SB. Risk of suicide attempts after benzodiazepine and\/or antidepressant use. Ann Epidemiol. 1997;7:568\u201374.","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"key":"992_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0000000000000471","volume":"54","author":"A Bannay","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bannay A, Chaignot C, Bloti\u00e8re P-O, Basson M, Weill A, Ricordeau P, et al. The best use of the Charlson Comorbidity Index with electronic health care database to predict mortality. Med Care. 2016;54:188\u201394.","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"992_CR36","unstructured":"Johnson CF, Barnsdale LR, McAuley A. Investigating the role of benzodiazepines in drug-related mortality: a systematic review undertaken on behalf of the Scottish National Forum on Drug-Related Deaths. Edinburgh: NHS Health Scotland; 2016."},{"key":"992_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwm324","volume":"167","author":"S Suissa","year":"2008","unstructured":"Suissa S. Immortal time bias in pharmaco-epidemiology. Am J Epidemiol. 2008;167:492\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"992_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1866","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5001832","volume":"70","author":"S Fukuhara","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fukuhara S, Green J, Albert J, Mihara H, Pisoni R, Yamazaki S, et al. Symptoms of depression, prescription of benzodiazepines, and the risk of death in hemodialysis patients in Japan. Kidney Int. 2006;70:1866\u201372.","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"992_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0174730","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0174730","volume":"12","author":"K Donnelly","year":"2017","unstructured":"Donnelly K, Bracchi R, Hewitt J, Routledge PA, Carter B. Benzodiazepines, Z-drugs and the risk of hip fracture: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. 2017;12:e0174730.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"992_CR40","unstructured":"EMPOWER trial: empowering older adults to reduce benzodiazepine use. 2016. https:\/\/deprescribing.org\/news\/empower-trial-empowering-older-adults-to-reduce-benzodiazepine-use\/. Accessed 16 Apr 2020."},{"key":"992_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2004.10.012","volume":"58","author":"S Schneeweiss","year":"2005","unstructured":"Schneeweiss S, Avorn J. A review of uses of health care utilization databases for epidemiologic research on therapeutics. J Clin Epidemiol. 2005;58:323\u201337.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"992_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.1717","volume":"18","author":"P Noize","year":"2009","unstructured":"Noize P, Bazin F, Dufouil C, Lechevallier-Michel N, Ancelin M-L, Dartigues J-F, et al. Comparison of health insurance claims and patient interviews in assessing drug use: data from the Three-City (3C) Study. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2009;18:310\u20139.","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"}],"container-title":["Drug Safety"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40264-020-00992-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40264-020-00992-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40264-020-00992-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,18]],"date-time":"2021-01-18T12:06:33Z","timestamp":1610971593000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40264-020-00992-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"alternative-id":["992"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40264-020-00992-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0114-5916","1179-1942"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0114-5916","type":"print"},{"value":"1179-1942","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 October 2020","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Antoine Pariente coordinated the DRUGS Systematised Assessment in real-liFe Environment (DRUGS-SAFE) program funded by the Agence Nationale de S\u00e9curit\u00e9 du M\u00e9dicament et des Produits de Sant\u00e9 (ANSM). The present study was included in the DRUGS-SAFE program. This program aimed at providing an integrated system to allow the concomitant monitoring of drug use and safety in France. The potential impact of drugs, frailty of populations, and seriousness of risks drove the research program. The funding sources played no role in the design and interpretation of this study. This publication represents the views of the authors and does not necessarily represent the opinion of ANSM.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Funding"}},{"value":"Cl\u00e9ment Mathieu, Pierre Joly, H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Jacqmin-Gadda, Mathilde Wanneveich, Bernard B\u00e9gaud, and Antoine Pariente have no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}},{"value":"Publicly sharing EGB data is forbidden by law according to The French National Data Protection Agency (Commission Nationale de l\u2019Informatique et des LIbert\u00e9s, CNIL); regulatory decisions AT\/CPZ\/SVT\/JB\/DP\/CR05222O of 14 June, 2005 and DP\/CR071761 of 28 August, 2007. To request data access, please contact The National Institute for Health Data (Institut National des Donn\u00e9es de Sant\u00e9, INDS).","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Data Availability"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":8,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Code Availability"}},{"value":"CM had full access to all the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. All authors contributed to the conceptualization and design of the study and to the interpretation of the results. CM drafted the manuscript. PJ, HJG, MW, BB, and AP revised the manuscript for important intellectual content. All authors gave final approval of the article. AP supervised the study.","order":9,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Author Contributions"}}]}}