{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T01:01:24Z","timestamp":1794013284970,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":153,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742342400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742342400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Drugs"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-025-02158-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T04:30:38Z","timestamp":1742358638000},"page":"755-775","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Renal Safety Assessment of Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Between Old Certainties and New Questions"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"85","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6514-2451","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniele","family":"Tramontano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Bini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Maiorca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessia","family":"Di Costanzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Carosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacopo","family":"Castellese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ina","family":"Arizaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Commodari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stella","family":"Covino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgia","family":"Sansone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilenia","family":"Minicocci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcello","family":"Arca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"D\u2019Erasmo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"2158_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.3390\/foods12050921","volume":"12","author":"ZA Ceja-Galicia","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ceja-Galicia ZA, Aranda-Rivera AK, Amador-Mart\u00ednez I, et al. The development of dyslipidemia in chronic kidney disease and associated cardiovascular damage, and the protective effects of curcuminoids. Foods. 2023;12(5):921. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/foods12050921.","journal-title":"Foods"},{"issue":"1","key":"2158_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.2741\/4585","volume":"23","author":"H Moradi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Moradi H, Vaziri ND. Molecular mechanisms of disorders of lipid metabolism in chronic kidney disease. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2018;23(1):146\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2741\/4585.","journal-title":"Front Biosci (Landmark Ed)."},{"issue":"4S","key":"2158_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2023.10.018","volume":"105","author":"Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) CKD Work Group","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) CKD Work Group. KDIGO 2024 clinical practice guideline for the evaluation and management of chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2024;105(4S):S117\u2013314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.kint.2023.10.018.","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2158_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.2174\/1874192401105010041","volume":"5","author":"V Tsimihodimos","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tsimihodimos V, Mitrogianni Z, Elisaf M. Dyslipidemia associated with chronic kidney disease. Open Cardiovasc Med J. 2011;5:41\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1874192401105010041.","journal-title":"Open Cardiovasc Med J"},{"key":"2158_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2023.04.001","volume":"52","author":"C Pavanello","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pavanello C, Ossoli A. HDL and chronic kidney disease. Atheroscler Plus. 2023;52:9\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.athplu.2023.04.001.","journal-title":"Atheroscler Plus."},{"issue":"4","key":"2158_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.3390\/life11040315","volume":"11","author":"CM Barbagallo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Barbagallo CM, Cefal\u00f9 AB, Giammanco A, et al. Lipoprotein abnormalities in chronic kidney disease and renal transplantation. Life (Basel). 2021;11(4):315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/life11040315.","journal-title":"Life (Basel)."},{"key":"2158_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mach F, Baigent C, Catapano AL, et al. 2019 ESC\/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias: lipid modification to reduce cardiovascular risk [published correction appears in Eur Heart J. 2020;41(44):4255. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz826]. Eur Heart J. 2020;41(1):111-188. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz455.","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz826"},{"issue":"12","key":"2158_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.23923","volume":"45","author":"A Shaik","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shaik A, Kosiborod M, de Lemos JA, et al. Use of lipid-lowering therapies in patients with chronic kidney disease and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: 2-year results from Getting to an imprOved Understanding of Low-Density lipoprotein cholesterol and dyslipidemia management (GOULD). Clin Cardiol. 2022;45(12):1303\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/clc.23923.","journal-title":"Clin Cardiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"2158_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/s11883-021-00967-8","volume":"23","author":"L D'Erasmo","year":"2021","unstructured":"D\u2019Erasmo L, Bini S, Arca M. Rare Treatments for Rare Dyslipidemias: New Perspectives in the Treatment of Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) and Familial Chylomicronemia Syndrome (FCS). Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2021;23(11):65. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11883-021-00967-8.","journal-title":"Curr Atheroscler Rep"},{"key":"2158_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2014.03.002","volume":"88","author":"CR Sirtori","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sirtori CR. The pharmacology of statins. Pharmacol Res. 2014;88:3\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phrs.2014.03.002.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"2158_CR11","unstructured":"McIver LA, Siddique MS. Atorvastatin. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; Aug 31, 2024. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK430779\/."},{"key":"2158_CR12","unstructured":"Bajaj T, Giwa AO. Rosuvastatin. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; May 23, 2023. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK539883\/."},{"key":"2158_CR13","unstructured":"Talreja O, Kerndt CC, Cassagnol M. Simvastatin. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; Jun 5, 2023. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK532919\/."},{"key":"2158_CR14","unstructured":"Duong H, Bajaj T. Lovastatin. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; Mar 20, 2023. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK540994\/."},{"key":"2158_CR15","unstructured":"Ramsamooj H, Preuss CV. Fluvastatin. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; May 29, 2023. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK430723\/."},{"key":"2158_CR16","unstructured":"Sidhu G, Sapra A. Pravastatin. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; Jun 21, 2023. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK551621\/."},{"key":"2158_CR17","unstructured":"Bhatti H, Tadi P. Pitavastatin. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; Jul 4, 2023. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK557402\/."},{"issue":"23 Suppl 1","key":"2158_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"III50","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000131519.15067.1f","volume":"109","author":"S Bellosta","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bellosta S, Paoletti R, Corsini A. Safety of statins: focus on clinical pharmacokinetics and drug interactions. Circulation. 2004;109(23 Suppl 1):III50\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.CIR.0000131519.15067.1f.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"6","key":"2158_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2014.31","volume":"85","author":"C Wanner","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wanner C, Tonelli M, Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes Lipid Guideline Development Work Group Members. KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Lipid Management in CKD: summary of recommendation statements and clinical approach to the patient. Kidney Int. 2014;85(6):1303\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ki.2014.31.","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"9784","key":"2158_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2181","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60739-3","volume":"377","author":"C Baigent","year":"2011","unstructured":"Baigent C, Landray MJ, Reith C, et al. The effects of lowering LDL cholesterol with simvastatin plus ezetimibe in patients with chronic kidney disease (Study of Heart and Renal Protection): a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2011;377(9784):2181\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60739-3.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"8","key":"2158_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1825","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2013090965","volume":"25","author":"R Haynes","year":"2014","unstructured":"Haynes R, Lewis D, Emberson J, et al. Effects of lowering LDL cholesterol on progression of kidney disease. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2014;25(8):1825\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1681\/ASN.2013090965.","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2158_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1080\/0886022X.2021.1915799","volume":"43","author":"L Zhao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhao L, Li S, Gao Y. Efficacy of statins on renal function in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ren Fail. 2021;43(1):718\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/0886022X.2021.1915799.","journal-title":"Ren Fail"},{"issue":"5","key":"2158_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.cj-11-1385","volume":"76","author":"Y Wu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wu Y, Wang Y, An C, et al. Effects of rosuvastatin and atorvastatin on renal function: meta-analysis. Circ J. 2012;76(5):1259\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1253\/circj.cj-11-1385.","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"issue":"3","key":"2158_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(14)70246-3","volume":"3","author":"D de Zeeuw","year":"2015","unstructured":"de Zeeuw D, Anzalone DA, Cain VA, et al. Renal effects of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin in patients with diabetes who have progressive renal disease (PLANET I): a randomised clinical trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2015;3(3):181\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2213-8587(14)70246-3.","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"8","key":"2158_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehad640","volume":"45","author":"RS Wijesurendra","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wijesurendra RS, Sardell R, Jayaram R, et al. Mechanisms of rosuvastatin-related acute kidney injury following cardiac surgery: the STICS trial. Eur Heart J. 2024;45(8):629\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehad640.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2158_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1767","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2022020135","volume":"33","author":"J-I Shin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shin J-I, et al. Association of Rosuvastatin use with risk of hematuria and proteinuria. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2022;33:1767\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1681\/ASN.2022020135.","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2158_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.3803\/EnM.2017.32.2.274","volume":"32","author":"E Han","year":"2017","unstructured":"Han E, Kim G, Lee JY, et al. Comparison between Atorvastatin and Rosuvastatin in renal function decline among patients with diabetes. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul). 2017;32(2):274\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3803\/EnM.2017.32.2.274.","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab (Seoul)."},{"key":"2158_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2007.11.042","volume":"101","author":"R Sukhija","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sukhija R, et al. Effect of statins on the development of renal dysfunction. Am J Cardiol. 2008;101:975\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2158_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2015.11.031","volume":"117","author":"T Acharya","year":"2016","unstructured":"Acharya T, Huang J, Tringali S, Frei CR, Mortensen EM, Mansi IA. Statin use and the risk of kidney disease with long-term follow-up (8.4-year study). Am J Cardiol. 2016;117(4):647\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjcard.2015.11.031.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2158_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2013.08.060","volume":"168","author":"D Nikolic","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nikolic D, Banach M, Nikfar S, et al. A meta-analysis of the role of statins on renal outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease. Is the duration of therapy important? Int J Cardiol. 2013;168(6):5437\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijcard.2013.08.060.","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2158_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1159\/000506857","volume":"10","author":"A Toso","year":"2020","unstructured":"Toso A, Leoncini M, Maioli M, Tropeano F, Villani S, Bellandi F. A prospective, randomized, open-label trial of atorvastatin versus Rosuvastatin in the prevention of contrast-induced acute kidney injury, worsened renal function at 30 days, and clinical events after acute coronary angiography: the PRATO-ACS-2 study. Cardiorenal Med. 2020;10(5):288\u2013301. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000506857.","journal-title":"Cardiorenal Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"2158_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1080\/0886022X.2016.1254657","volume":"39","author":"A Vlad","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vlad A, Vlad M, Petrica L, et al. Therapy with atorvastatin versus rosuvastatin reduces urinary podocytes, podocyte-associated molecules, and proximal tubule dysfunction biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a pilot study. Ren Fail. 2017;39(1):112\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/0886022X.2016.1254657.","journal-title":"Ren Fail"},{"issue":"10","key":"2158_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0111124","volume":"9","author":"Y Liu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Liu Y, Liu YH, Tan N, et al. Comparison of the efficacy of rosuvastatin versus atorvastatin in preventing contrast induced nephropathy in patient with chronic kidney disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. PLoS\u00a0One. 2014;9(10): e111124. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0111124.","journal-title":"PLoS\u00a0One"},{"issue":"6","key":"2158_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2012.05.010","volume":"167","author":"G Savarese","year":"2013","unstructured":"Savarese G, Musella F, Volpe M, Paneni F, Perrone-Filardi P. Effects of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin on renal function: a meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol. 2013;167(6):2482\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijcard.2012.05.010.","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2158_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wanner C, Krane V, M\u00e4rz W, et al. Atorvastatin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing hemodialysis [published correction appears in N Engl J Med. 2005;353(15):1640]. N Engl J Med. 2005;353(3):238\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa043545.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa043545"},{"key":"2158_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fellstr\u00f6m BC, Jardine AG, Schmieder RE, et al. Rosuvastatin and cardiovascular events in patients undergoing hemodialysis [published correction appears in N Engl J Med. 2010 Apr 15;362(15):1450]. N Engl J Med. 2009;360(14):1395\u2013407. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa0810177.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0810177"},{"issue":"1","key":"2158_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-024-02276-w","volume":"23","author":"I Bellos","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bellos I, Lagiou P, Benetou V, Marinaki S. Efficacy and safety of statin therapy in kidney transplant recipients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lipids Health Dis. 2024;23(1):293. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12944-024-02276-w.","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"2158_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.5114\/aoms\/159992","volume":"19","author":"A Vahedian-Azimi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Vahedian-Azimi A, Beni FH, Fras Z, et al. Effects of statins on the incidence and outcomes of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Med Sci. 2023;19(4):952\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5114\/aoms\/159992.","journal-title":"Arch Med Sci"},{"key":"2158_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2024.12.020","author":"W Zeng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zeng W, Deng H, Luo Y, Zhong S, Huang M, Tomlinson B. Advances in statin adverse reactions and the potential mechanisms: a systematic review. J Adv Res. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jare.2024.12.020. (Published online December 14, 2024).","journal-title":"J Adv Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"2158_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.118.312782","volume":"124","author":"NC Ward","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ward NC, Watts GF, Eckel RH. Statin toxicity. Circ Res. 2019;124(2):328\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.118.312782.","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"2158_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Agarwal R. Effects of statins on renal function [published correction appears in Mayo Clin Proc. 2007;82(12):1579]. Mayo Clin Proc. 2007;82(11):1381\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4065\/82.11.1381","DOI":"10.4065\/82.11.1381"},{"issue":"1","key":"2158_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-4065.136883","volume":"25","author":"RA Annigeri","year":"2015","unstructured":"Annigeri RA, Mani RM. Acute interstitial nephritis due to statin and its class effect. Indian J Nephrol. 2015;25(1):54\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0971-4065.136883.","journal-title":"Indian J Nephrol."},{"key":"2158_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Morita T, Morimoto S, Nakano C, et al. Renal and vascular protective effects of ezetimibe in chronic kidney disease [published correction appears in Intern Med. 2015;54(13):1683. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2169\/internalmedicine.53.0649.","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.53.0649"},{"issue":"6","key":"2158_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jccase.2018.02.003","volume":"17","author":"K Sawami","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sawami K, Tanaka A, Nakamura T, Sato E, Ueda Y, Node K. Multiple potency of ezetimibe in a patient with macroproteinuric chronic kidney disease and statin-intolerant dyslipidemia. J Cardiol Cases. 2018;17(6):204\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jccase.2018.02.003.","journal-title":"J Cardiol Cases"},{"issue":"3","key":"2158_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9030798","volume":"9","author":"J Bae","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bae J, Hong N, Lee BW, Kang ES, Cha BS, Lee YH. Comparison of renal effects of ezetimibe-statin combination versus statin monotherapy: a propensity-score-matched analysis. J Clin Med. 2020;9(3):798. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm9030798.","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"2158_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.1859","author":"YC Lin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lin YC, Lai TS, Wu HY, et al. Effects and safety of statin and ezetimibe combination therapy in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cpt.1859.","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"6","key":"2158_CR47","first-page":"1021","volume":"21","author":"MH Ahmed","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ahmed MH, Khalil AA. Ezetimibe as a potential treatment for dyslipidemia associated with chronic renal failure and renal transplant. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2010;21(6):1021\u20139.","journal-title":"Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl."},{"issue":"13","key":"2158_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.118.008953","volume":"7","author":"Y Handelsman","year":"2018","unstructured":"Handelsman Y, Lepor NE. PCSK9 inhibitors in lipid management of patients with diabetes mellitus and high cardiovascular risk: a review. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018;7(13): e008953. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/JAHA.118.008953.","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"6","key":"2158_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1517\/14712598.2014.902929","volume":"14","author":"AF Cicero","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cicero AF, Tartagni E, Ertek S. Efficacy and safety profile of evolocumab (AMG145), an injectable inhibitor of the proprotein convertase subtilisin\/kexin type 9: the available clinical evidence. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2014;14(6):863\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1517\/14712598.2014.902929.","journal-title":"Expert Opin Biol Ther"},{"issue":"7","key":"2158_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-017-0620-7","volume":"57","author":"S Kasichayanula","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kasichayanula S, Grover A, Emery MG, et al. Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of Evolocumab, a PCSK9 inhibitor. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2018;57(7):769\u201379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40262-017-0620-7.","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"issue":"6","key":"2158_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1111\/1755-5922.12093","volume":"32","author":"C Lunven","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lunven C, Paehler T, Poitiers F, et al. A randomized study of the relative pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of alirocumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody to PCSK9, after single subcutaneous administration at three different injection sites in healthy subjects. Cardiovasc Ther. 2014;32(6):297\u2013301. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1755-5922.12093.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Ther"},{"issue":"22","key":"2158_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2097","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1801174","volume":"379","author":"GG Schwartz","year":"2018","unstructured":"Schwartz GG, Steg PG, Szarek M, et al. Alirocumab and cardiovascular outcomes after acute coronary syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2018;379(22):2097\u2013107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1801174.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"18","key":"2158_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1615664","volume":"376","author":"MS Sabatine","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sabatine MS, Giugliano RP, Keech AC, et al. Evolocumab and clinical outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med. 2017;376(18):1713\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1615664.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2158_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjcvp\/pvae025","volume":"10","author":"SG Goodman","year":"2024","unstructured":"Goodman SG, Steg PG, Szarek M, et al. Safety of the PCSK9 inhibitor alirocumab: insights from 47 296 patient-years of observation. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother. 2024;10(4):342\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ehjcvp\/pvae025.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother."},{"issue":"42","key":"2158_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4114","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa498","volume":"41","author":"J Tu\u00f1\u00f3n","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tu\u00f1\u00f3n J, Steg PG, Bhatt DL, et al. Effect of alirocumab on major adverse cardiovascular events according to renal function in patients with a recent acute coronary syndrome: prespecified analysis from the ODYSSEY OUTCOMES randomized clinical trial. Eur Heart J. 2020;41(42):4114\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa498.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"6","key":"2158_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.011","volume":"93","author":"PP Toth","year":"2018","unstructured":"Toth PP, Dwyer JP, Cannon CP, et al. Efficacy and safety of lipid lowering by alirocumab in chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2018;93(6):1397\u2013408. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.011.","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"12","key":"2158_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1781","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13114","volume":"19","author":"LA Leiter","year":"2017","unstructured":"Leiter LA, Cariou B, M\u00fcller-Wieland D, et al. Efficacy and safety of alirocumab in insulin-treated individuals with type 1 or type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk: the ODYSSEY DM-INSULIN randomized trial. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2017;19(12):1781\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dom.13114.","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"2158_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Charytan DM, Sabatine MS, Pedersen TR, et al. Efficacy and safety of Evolocumab in chronic kidney disease in the FOURIER Trial [published correction appears in J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019;74(8):1162-1166. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.03.513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.03.513"},{"issue":"15","key":"2158_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.061620","volume":"146","author":"ML O'Donoghue","year":"2022","unstructured":"O\u2019Donoghue ML, Giugliano RP, Wiviott SD, et al. Long-term evolocumab in patients with established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Circulation. 2022;146(15):1109\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.061620.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2158_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/20101058221144115","author":"BLK Chng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chng BLK, Heng WMP, Soon YM, et al. Safety, adherence and efficacy of PCSK9 inhibitors: a retrospective real-world study. Proc Singapore Healthcare. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/20101058221144115.","journal-title":"Proc Singapore Healthcare."},{"key":"2158_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athplu.2021.08.009","volume":"45","author":"M Blanco-Ruiz","year":"2021","unstructured":"Blanco-Ruiz M, Amaya-Pascasio L, de Torres Chac\u00f3n R, et al. Effectiveness and safety of PCSK9 inhibitors in real-world clinical practice. An observational multicentre study. The IRIS-PCSK9I study. Atheroscler Plus. 2021;45:32\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.athplu.2021.08.009.","journal-title":"Atheroscler Plus."},{"key":"2158_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.112519","volume":"146","author":"J Vicente-Valor","year":"2022","unstructured":"Vicente-Valor J, Garc\u00eda-Gonz\u00e1lez X, Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez-Garc\u00eda S, et al. PCSK9 inhibitors revisited: effectiveness and safety of PCSK9 inhibitors in a real-life Spanish cohort. Biomed Pharmacother. 2022;146: 112519. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.112519.","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"issue":"11","key":"2158_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo11110760","volume":"11","author":"P Mu\u00f1oz Ramos","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mu\u00f1oz Ramos P, Gil Giraldo Y, \u00c1lvarez-Chiva V, et al. Proteinuria-lowering effects of proprotein convertase subtilisin\/Kexin type 9 inhibitors in chronic kidney disease patients: a real-world multicentric study. Metabolites. 2021;11(11):760. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/metabo11110760.","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"issue":"7","key":"2158_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xkme.2022.100483","volume":"4","author":"C East","year":"2022","unstructured":"East C, Bass K, Mehta A, Rahimighazikalayed G, Zurawski S, Bottiglieri T. Alirocumab and lipid levels, inflammatory biomarkers, metabolomics, and safety in patients receiving maintenance dialysis: the ALIrocumab in DIALysis study (A Phase 3 Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Biweekly Alirocumab in Patients on a Stable Dialysis Regimen). Kidney Med. 2022;4(7): 100483. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xkme.2022.100483.","journal-title":"Kidney Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"2158_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1002\/cpdd.650","volume":"8","author":"E Lee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lee E, Gibbs JP, Emery MG, et al. Influence of renal function on evolocumab exposure, pharmacodynamics, and safety. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev. 2019;8(3):281\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cpdd.650.","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev."},{"key":"2158_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.937474","volume":"9","author":"P Lv","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lv P, Li Y, Wu L, et al. PCSK9 inhibitors in a renal transplant patient complicated with hepatitis B: a case report and literature review. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022;9: 937474. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcvm.2022.937474.","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"2158_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e74","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000004942","volume":"108","author":"JM Amaro","year":"2024","unstructured":"Amaro JM, Villanego F, Orellana CD, et al. Management of dyslipidemia with evolocumab in kidney transplant recipients. Transplantation. 2024;108(5):e74\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/TP.0000000000004942.","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"issue":"3","key":"2158_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaccas.2019.09.026","volume":"2","author":"BA Warden","year":"2020","unstructured":"Warden BA, Kaufman T, Minnier J, Duell PB, Fazio S, Shapiro MD. Use of PCSK9 inhibitors in solid organ transplantation recipients. JACC Case Rep. 2020;2(3):396\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaccas.2019.09.026.","journal-title":"JACC Case Rep."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2158_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.6002\/ect.MESOT2023.P111","volume":"22","author":"T Alotaibi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Alotaibi T, Nagib AM, Denewar A, et al. Inhibition of proprotein convertase subtilisin\/kexin-9 after kidney transplant: single-center experience among patients with high cardiovascular risk. Exp Clin Transplant. 2024;22(Suppl 1):315\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6002\/ect.MESOT2023.P111.","journal-title":"Exp Clin Transplant"},{"issue":"2","key":"2158_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2019.01.011","volume":"13","author":"BA Warden","year":"2019","unstructured":"Warden BA, Duell PB. Management of dyslipidemia in adult solid organ transplant recipients. J Clin Lipidol. 2019;13(2):231\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacl.2019.01.011.","journal-title":"J Clin Lipidol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2158_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2019.06.010","volume":"13","author":"PB Sandesara","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sandesara PB, Dhindsa D, Hirsh B, Jokhadar M, Cole RT, Sperling LS. PCSK9 inhibition in patients with heart transplantation: a case series. J Clin Lipidol. 2019;13(5):721\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacl.2019.06.010.","journal-title":"J Clin Lipidol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2158_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2018.11.004","volume":"35","author":"Y Moayedi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Moayedi Y, Kozuszko S, Knowles JW, et al. Safety and efficacy of PCSK9 inhibitors after heart transplantation. Can J Cardiol. 2019;35(1):104.e1-104.e3. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cjca.2018.11.004.","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2158_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000002520","volume":"103","author":"C Di Nora","year":"2019","unstructured":"Di Nora C, Sponga S, Livi U. Safety and efficacy of PCSK9 inhibitor treatment in heart transplant patients. Transplantation. 2019;103(3): e58. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/TP.0000000000002520.","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"2158_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1260921","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2023.1260921","volume":"14","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Chen H, Hong L, et al. Inclisiran: a new generation of lipid-lowering siRNA therapeutic. Front Pharmacol. 2023;14:1260921. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2023.1260921.","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"15","key":"2158_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1615758","volume":"376","author":"KK Ray","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ray KK, Landmesser U, Leiter LA, et al. Inclisiran in patients at high cardiovascular risk with elevated LDL cholesterol. N Engl J Med. 2017;376(15):1430\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1615758.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"16","key":"2158_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1912387","volume":"382","author":"KK Ray","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ray KK, Wright RS, Kallend D, et al. Two phase 3 trials of inclisiran in patients with elevated LDL cholesterol. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(16):1507\u201319.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"16","key":"2158_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1520","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1913805","volume":"382","author":"FJ Raal","year":"2020","unstructured":"Raal FJ, Kallend D, Ray KK, et al. Inclisiran for the treatment of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(16):1520\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1913805.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2158_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2019.08.021","volume":"95","author":"RS Wright","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wright RS, Collins MG, Stoekenbroek RM, et al. Effects of renal impairment on the pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of inclisiran: an analysis of the ORION-7 and ORION-1 studies. Mayo Clin Proc. 2020;95(1):77\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mayocp.2019.08.021.","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"issue":"24","key":"2158_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.007","volume":"82","author":"RS Wright","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wright RS, Koenig W, Landmesser U, et al. Safety and tolerability of inclisiran for treatment of hypercholesterolemia in 7 clinical trials. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2023;82(24):2251\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.007.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2158_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wright RS, Raal FJ, Koenig W, et al. Inclisiran administration potently and durably lowers LDL-C over an extended-term follow-up: the ORION-8 trial. Cardiovasc Res. 2024;120(12):1400\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cvr\/cvae109.","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvae109"},{"issue":"8","key":"2158_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3223","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.15650","volume":"26","author":"LA Leiter","year":"2024","unstructured":"Leiter LA, Raal FJ, Schwartz GG, et al. Inclisiran in individuals with diabetes or obesity: post hoc pooled analyses of the ORION-9, ORION-10 and ORION-11 Phase 3 randomized trials. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2024;26(8):3223\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dom.15650.","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"2158_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehac594","volume":"44","author":"KK Ray","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ray KK, Raal FJ, Kallend DG, et al. Inclisiran and cardiovascular events: a patient-level analysis of phase III trials. Eur Heart J. 2023;44(2):129\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehac594.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2158_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ueberdiek L, Jehn U, Pavenst\u00e4dt H, Gebauer K, Reuter S. Novel therapeutic strategies for dyslipidemia: first report of inclisiran therapy in a kidney transplanted patient [published correction appears in Transpl Int. 2023 Mar 23;36:11313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/ti.2023.11313]. Transpl Int. 2023;36:11104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/ti.2023.11104.","DOI":"10.3389\/ti.2023.11313"},{"issue":"5","key":"2158_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.122.001142","volume":"51","author":"BM Amore","year":"2023","unstructured":"Amore BM, Cramer C, MacDougall D, Emery MG. The disposition and metabolism of bempedoic acid, a potent inhibitor of ATP citrate lyase, healthy human subjects. Drug Metab Dispos. 2023;51(5):599\u2013609. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1124\/dmd.122.001142.","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"issue":"8","key":"2158_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-017-0506-8","volume":"56","author":"A Ivanyuk","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ivanyuk A, Livio F, Biollaz J, Buclin T. Renal drug transporters and drug interactions. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2017;56(8):825\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40262-017-0506-8.","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"issue":"11","key":"2158_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics16111371","volume":"16","author":"N Ferri","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ferri N, Colombo E, Corsini A. Bempedoic acid, the first-in-class oral ATP citrate lyase inhibitor with hypocholesterolemic activity: clinical pharmacology and drug-drug interactions. Pharmaceutics. 2024;16(11):1371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pharmaceutics16111371.","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2158_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1111\/cts.13202","volume":"15","author":"BM Amore","year":"2022","unstructured":"Amore BM, Sasiela WJ, Ries DK, Tresh P, Emery MG. Pharmacokinetics of bempedoic acid in patients with renal impairment. Clin Transl Sci. 2022;15(3):789\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cts.13202.","journal-title":"Clin Transl Sci"},{"issue":"15","key":"2158_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2215024","volume":"388","author":"SE Nissen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nissen SE, Lincoff AM, Brennan D, et al. Bempedoic acid and cardiovascular outcomes in statin-intolerant patients. N Engl J Med. 2023;388(15):1353\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2215024.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2158_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2023.10.011","volume":"18","author":"HE Bays","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bays HE, Bloedon LT, Lin G, et al. Safety of bempedoic acid in patients at high cardiovascular risk and with statin intolerance. J Clin Lipidol. 2024;18(1):e59\u201369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacl.2023.10.011.","journal-title":"J Clin Lipidol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2158_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(23)00316-9","volume":"12","author":"KK Ray","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ray KK, Nicholls SJ, Li N, et al. Efficacy and safety of bempedoic acid among patients with and without diabetes: prespecified analysis of the CLEAR Outcomes randomised trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2024;12(1):19\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2213-8587(23)00316-9.","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2158_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(24)00062-7","volume":"12","author":"D Groothof","year":"2024","unstructured":"Groothof D, Bakker SJL. Evaluating the effect of bempedoic acid on kidney function: call for cautious implementation. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2024;12(4):228. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2213-8587(24)00062-7.","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"2158_CR92","unstructured":"European Commission. Community Register of Medicinal Products: Bempedoic Acid. Community Register of Medicinal Products. (2020). https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/health\/documents\/community-register\/2020\/20200401147517\/anx_147517_it.pdf. Accessed: Oct 5, 2024."},{"issue":"79","key":"2158_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2023.03.001","volume":"2023","author":"M Banach","year":"2023","unstructured":"Banach M, Penson PE, Farnier M, et al. Bempedoic acid in the management of lipid disorders and cardiovascular risk. 2023 position paper of the International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP). Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2023;2023(79):2\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pcad.2023.03.001.","journal-title":"Prog Cardiovasc Dis"},{"issue":"6441","key":"2158_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1038\/365065a0","volume":"365","author":"D Sharp","year":"1993","unstructured":"Sharp D, Blinderman L, Combs KA, et al. Cloning and gene defects in microsomal triglyceride transfer protein associated with abetalipoproteinaemia. Nature. 1993;365(6441):65\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/365065a0.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"2158_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.r200014-jlr200","volume":"44","author":"MM Hussain","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hussain MM, Shi J, Dreizen P. Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein and its role in apoB-lipoprotein assembly. J Lipid Res. 2003;44(1):22\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1194\/jlr.r200014-jlr200.","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"2158_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"D'Erasmo L, Steward K, Cefal\u00f9 AB, et al. Efficacy and safety of lomitapide in homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: the pan-European retrospective observational study [published correction appears in Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2022 Oct 18;29(13):1812. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwac062]. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2022;29(5):832\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwab229.","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwac062"},{"key":"2158_CR97","unstructured":"European Commission. Community Register of Medicinal Products: Lomitapide. Community Register of Medicinal Products. (2013). https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/health\/documents\/community-register\/2013\/20131204127099\/anx_127099_it.pdf. Accessed: Oct 5, 2024."},{"issue":"2","key":"2158_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa061189","volume":"356","author":"M Cuchel","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cuchel M, Bloedon LT, Szapary PO, et al. Inhibition of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein in familial hypercholesterolemia. N Engl J Med. 2007;356(2):148\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa061189.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2158_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61731-0","volume":"381","author":"M Cuchel","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cuchel M, et al. Efficacy and safety of a microsomal triglyceride transfer protein inhibitor in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: a single-arm, open-label, phase 3 study. Lancet. 2013;381:40\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61731-0.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"2158_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-020-02506-y","volume":"71","author":"AB Cefal\u00f9","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cefal\u00f9 AB, Giammanco A, Noto D, et al. Effectiveness and safety of lomitapide in a patient with familial chylomicronemia syndrome. Endocrine. 2021;71(2):344\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12020-020-02506-y.","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"2","key":"2158_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.15497","volume":"43","author":"D Larrey","year":"2023","unstructured":"Larrey D, D\u2019Erasmo L, O\u2019Brien S, Arca M, Italian Working Group on Lomitapide. Long-term hepatic safety of lomitapide in homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia. Liver Int. 2023;43(2):413\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/liv.15497.","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"2158_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/s40256-013-0030-7","volume":"13","author":"CM Perry","year":"2013","unstructured":"Perry CM. Lomitapide: a review of its use in adults with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs. 2013;13(4):285\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40256-013-0030-7.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiovasc Drugs"},{"key":"2158_CR103","unstructured":"Rayan RA, Patel P, Sharma S. Lomitapide. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; Feb 18, 2024."},{"issue":"3","key":"2158_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2022.02.004","volume":"51","author":"A Zambon","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zambon A, Averna M, D\u2019Erasmo L, Arca M, Catapano A. New and emerging therapies for dyslipidemia. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2022;51(3):635\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecl.2022.02.004.","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"2158_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2021.07.008","volume":"18","author":"A Cesaro","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cesaro A, Fimiani F, Gragnano F, et al. New frontiers in the treatment of homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. Heart Fail Clin. 2022;18(1):177\u201388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hfc.2021.07.008.","journal-title":"Heart Fail Clin"},{"issue":"19","key":"2158_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.065866","volume":"148","author":"L D\u2019Erasmo","year":"2023","unstructured":"D\u2019Erasmo L, Di Martino M, Neufeld T, et al. ANGPTL3 deficiency and risk of hepatic steatosis. Circulation. 2023;148(19):1479\u201389.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"1","key":"2158_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s11883-022-01076-w","volume":"25","author":"S Bini","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bini S, Tramontano D, Minicocci I, et al. How ANGPTL3 inhibition will help our clinical practice? Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2023;25(1):19\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11883-022-01076-w.","journal-title":"Curr Atheroscler Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"2158_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1612790","volume":"377","author":"FE Dewey","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dewey FE, Gusarova V, Dunbar RL, et al. Genetic and pharmacologic inactivation of ANGPTL3 and cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med. 2017;377(3):211\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1612790.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"2158_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2023.2921","volume":"8","author":"RS Rosenson","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rosenson RS, Burgess LJ, Ebenbichler CF, et al. Longer-term efficacy and safety of evinacumab in patients with refractory hypercholesterolemia. JAMA Cardiol. 2023;8(11):1070\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamacardio.2023.2921.","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol."},{"issue":"8","key":"2158_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2004215","volume":"383","author":"FJ Raal","year":"2020","unstructured":"Raal FJ, Rosenson RS, Reeskamp LF, et al. Evinacumab for homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(8):711\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2004215.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2158_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gaudet D, Greber-Platzer S, Reeskamp LF, et al. Evinacumab in homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: long-term safety and efficacy [published correction appears in Eur Heart J. 2024:ehae594. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehae594]. Eur Heart J. 2024;45(27):2422-2434. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehae325.","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehae594"},{"issue":"24","key":"2158_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2307","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2031049","volume":"383","author":"RS Rosenson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rosenson RS, Burgess LJ, Ebenbichler CF, et al. Evinacumab in patients with refractory hypercholesterolemia. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(24):2307\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2031049.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2158_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ahmad Z, Banerjee P, Hamon S, et al. Inhibition of angiopoietin-like protein 3 with a monoclonal antibody reduces triglycerides in hypertriglyceridemia [published correction appears in Circulation. 2021;143(13):e799. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.039107.","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.039107"},{"issue":"3","key":"2158_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02222-w","volume":"29","author":"RS Rosenson","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rosenson RS, Gaudet D, Ballantyne CM, et al. Evinacumab in severe hypertriglyceridemia with or without lipoprotein lipase pathway mutations: a phase 2 randomized trial. Nat Med. 2023;29(3):729\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41591-023-02222-w.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"2158_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1753","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.120.315204","volume":"41","author":"LF Reeskamp","year":"2021","unstructured":"Reeskamp LF, et al. ANGPTL3 inhibition with evinacumab results in faster clearance of IDL and LDL apoB in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia-brief report. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2021;41:1753\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/ATVBAHA.120.315204.","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"2158_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10557-024-07567-z","author":"RS Rosenson","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rosenson RS, Rader DJ, Ali S, Banerjee P, McGinniss J, Pordy R. Evinacumab reduces triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in patients with hyperlipidemia: a post-hoc analysis of three randomized clinical trials. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10557-024-07567-z.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Drugs Ther"},{"key":"2158_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2024.118447","volume":"395","author":"D Brisson","year":"2024","unstructured":"Brisson D, Cote L, Morissette M-C, et al. Real-life experience of Canadian patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia following nine years of participation in evinacumab clinical trials: the Canada ELIPSE-OLE study. Atherosclerosis. 2024;395: 118447. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2024.118447.","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"2158_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2021.04.014","volume":"327","author":"LF Reeskamp","year":"2021","unstructured":"Reeskamp LF, Nurmohamed NS, Bom MJ, et al. Marked plaque regression in homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. Atherosclerosis. 2021;327:13\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2021.04.014.","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"2158_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2024.05.006","author":"C Stefanutti","year":"2024","unstructured":"Stefanutti C, Chan DC, Dip GZ, Watts GF. Real-world experience of long-term efficacy and safety of evinacumab in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia treated and not treating with lipoprotein apheresis. J Clin Lipidol. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacl.2024.05.006. (Published online May 31, 2024).","journal-title":"J Clin Lipidol"},{"key":"2158_CR120","unstructured":"Patel N, Parmar M, Patel P. Evinacumab. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; Oct 28, 2023."},{"issue":"1","key":"2158_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12010168","volume":"12","author":"B Sosnowska","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sosnowska B, Adach W, Surma S, Rosenson RS, Banach M. Evinacumab, an ANGPTL3 inhibitor, in the treatment of dyslipidemia. J Clin Med. 2022;12(1):168. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm12010168.","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"2158_CR122","unstructured":"European Commission. Community register of medicinal products: evinacumab. Community register of medicinal products. (2022). https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/health\/documents\/community-register\/2022\/20220413155582\/anx_155582_it.pdf. Accessed: Oct 5, 2024."},{"issue":"19","key":"2158_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2088","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.98.19.2088","volume":"98","author":"B Staels","year":"1998","unstructured":"Staels B, Dallongeville J, Auwerx J, Schoonjans K, Leitersdorf E, Fruchart JC. Mechanism of action of fibrates on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. Circulation. 1998;98(19):2088\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.cir.98.19.2088.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"2","key":"2158_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2011.03.025","volume":"128","author":"B Pamukcu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pamukcu B, Lip GY, Shantsila E. The nuclear factor\u2013kappa B pathway in atherosclerosis: a potential therapeutic target for atherothrombotic vascular disease. Thromb Res. 2011;128(2):117\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.thromres.2011.03.025.","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"issue":"20","key":"2158_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2061","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.07.049","volume":"60","author":"M Jun","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jun M, Zhu B, Tonelli M, et al. Effects of fibrates in kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;60(20):2061\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.07.049.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2158_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1159\/000522081","volume":"47","author":"CF Hernandez-Arroyo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hernandez-Arroyo CF, Kanduri SR, Justiniano R, Martinez-Pitre PJ, Velez JCQ. Improvement in kidney function after discontinuation of fenofibrate in outpatient nephrology consultation for chronic kidney disease. Kidney Blood Press Res. 2022;47(9):586\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000522081.","journal-title":"Kidney Blood Press Res"},{"issue":"14","key":"2158_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.2146\/ajhp120131","volume":"70","author":"RL Attridge","year":"2013","unstructured":"Attridge RL, Frei CR, Ryan L, Koeller J, Linn WD. Fenofibrate-associated nephrotoxicity: a review of current evidence. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2013;70(14):1219\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2146\/ajhp120131.","journal-title":"Am J Health Syst Pharm"},{"key":"2158_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Keech A, Simes RJ, Barter P, et al. Effects of long-term fenofibrate therapy on cardiovascular events in 9795 people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (the FIELD study): randomised controlled trial [published correction appears in Lancet. 2006 Oct 21;368(9545):1420]. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67667-2.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67667-2"},{"key":"2158_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"ACCORD Study Group, Ginsberg HN, Elam MB, et al. Effects of combination lipid therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus [published correction appears in N Engl J Med. 2010;362(18):1748]. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1001282.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1001282"},{"issue":"3","key":"2158_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.11.004","volume":"45","author":"JC Ansquer","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ansquer JC, Foucher C, Rattier S, Taskinen MR, Steiner G, DAIS Investigators. Fenofibrate reduces progression to microalbuminuria over 3 years in a placebo-controlled study in type 2 diabetes: results from the Diabetes Atherosclerosis Intervention Study (DAIS). Am J Kidney Dis. 2005;45(3):485\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.11.004.","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"2158_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.00370119","volume":"14","author":"K Chauhan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chauhan K, Nadkarni GN, Debnath N, et al. The association of fenofibrate with kidney tubular injury in a subgroup of participants in the ACCORD trial. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2019;14(10):1521\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2215\/CJN.00370119.","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2158_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11030768","volume":"11","author":"A Hadjivasilis","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hadjivasilis A, Kouis P, Kousios A, Panayiotou A. The effect of fibrates on kidney function and chronic kidney disease progression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised studies. J Clin Med. 2022;11(3):768. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm11030768.","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"2158_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI147558","volume":"131","author":"KE Bornfeldt","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bornfeldt KE. Triglyceride lowering by omega-3 fatty acids: a mechanism mediated by N-acyl taurines. J Clin Invest. 2021;131(6): e147558. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/JCI147558.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"1","key":"2158_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.6061\/clinics\/2017(01)10","volume":"72","author":"J Hu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hu J, Liu Z, Zhang H. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation as an adjunctive therapy in the treatment of chronic kidney disease: a meta-analysis. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2017;72(1):58\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6061\/clinics\/2017(01)10.","journal-title":"Clinics (Sao Paulo)"},{"issue":"4","key":"2158_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1993.320","volume":"44","author":"R De Caterina","year":"1993","unstructured":"De Caterina R, Caprioli R, Giannessi D, et al. n-3 fatty acids reduce proteinuria in patients with chronic glomerular disease. Kidney Int. 1993;44(4):843\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ki.1993.320.","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2158_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1680985","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/1680985","volume":"2017","author":"A Pluta","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pluta A, Str\u00f3\u017cecki P, K\u0119sy J, et al. Beneficial effects of 6-month supplementation with omega-3 acids on selected inflammatory markers in patients with chronic kidney disease stages 1\u20133. Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:1680985. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2017\/1680985.","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2158_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"c30","DOI":"10.1159\/000341929","volume":"121","author":"HH Chou","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chou HH, Chiou YY, Hung PH, Chiang PC, Wang ST. Omega-3 fatty acids ameliorate proteinuria but not renal function in IgA nephropathy: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nephron Clin Pract. 2012;121(1\u20132):c30\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000341929.","journal-title":"Nephron Clin Pract"},{"key":"2158_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2022-072909","volume":"380","author":"KL Ong","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ong KL, Marklund M, Huang L, et al. Association of omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with incident chronic kidney disease: pooled analysis of 19 cohorts. BMJ. 2023;380: e072909. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj-2022-072909.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"2","key":"2158_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2023.12.020","volume":"84","author":"HB Koh","year":"2024","unstructured":"Koh HB, Kim HW, Joo YS, et al. Plasma levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids and adverse kidney outcomes. Am J Kidney Dis. 2024;84(2):179-194.e1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.ajkd.2023.12.020.","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"2158_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.123.032390","volume":"13","author":"M Javaid","year":"2024","unstructured":"Javaid M, Kadhim K, Bawamia B, Cartlidge T, Farag M, Alkhalil M. Bleeding risk in patients receiving omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. J Am Heart Assoc. 2024;13(10): e032390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/JAHA.123.032390.","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"2158_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1812792","volume":"380","author":"DL Bhatt","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bhatt DL, Steg PG, Miller M, et al. Cardiovascular risk reduction with icosapent ethyl for hypertriglyceridemia. N Engl J Med. 2019;380(1):11\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1812792.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"22","key":"2158_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1750","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.055560","volume":"144","author":"A Majithia","year":"2021","unstructured":"Majithia A, Bhatt DL, Friedman AN, et al. Benefits of icosapent ethyl across the range of kidney function in patients with established cardiovascular disease or diabetes: REDUCE-IT RENAL. Circulation. 2021;144(22):1750\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.055560.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"18","key":"2158_CR143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2843","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvad177","volume":"119","author":"CJ Packard","year":"2024","unstructured":"Packard CJ, Pirillo A, Tsimikas S, Ference BA, Catapano AL. Exploring apolipoprotein C-III: pathophysiological and pharmacological relevance. Cardiovasc Res. 2024;119(18):2843\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cvr\/cvad177.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"2158_CR144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1080\/14779072.2021.1955348","volume":"19","author":"J Lazarte","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lazarte J, Hegele RA. Volanesorsen for treatment of familial chylomicronemia syndrome. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2021;19(8):685\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14779072.2021.1955348.","journal-title":"Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther"},{"issue":"6","key":"2158_CR145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1715944","volume":"381","author":"JL Witztum","year":"2019","unstructured":"Witztum JL, Gaudet D, Freedman SD, et al. Volanesorsen and triglyceride levels in familial chylomicronemia syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2019;381(6):531\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1715944.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"2158_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.111.300367","volume":"112","author":"MJ Graham","year":"2013","unstructured":"Graham MJ, Lee RG, Bell TA 3rd, et al. Antisense oligonucleotide inhibition of apolipoprotein C-III reduces plasma triglycerides in rodents, nonhuman primates, and humans. Circ Res. 2013;112(11):1479\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.111.300367.","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"2158_CR147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Witztum JL, Gaudet D, Arca M, et al. Volanesorsen and triglyceride levels in familial chylomicronemia syndrome: Long-term efficacy and safety data from patients in an open-label extension trial [published correction appears in J Clin Lipidol. 2024;18(3):e482\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacl.2023.03.007.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2023.03.007"},{"issue":"6","key":"2158_CR148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2022.06.011","volume":"16","author":"M Lightbourne","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lightbourne M, Startzell M, Bruce KD, et al. Volanesorsen, an antisense oligonucleotide to apolipoprotein C-III, increases lipoprotein lipase activity and lowers triglycerides in partial lipodystrophy. J Clin Lipidol. 2022;16(6):850\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacl.2022.06.011.","journal-title":"J Clin Lipidol"},{"key":"2158_CR149","unstructured":"European Commission. Community Register of Medicinal Products: Volanesorsen. Community Register of Medicinal Products. (2019). https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/health\/documents\/community-register\/2019\/20190503144371\/anx_144371_en.pdf. Accessed: Oct 5, 2024."},{"key":"2158_CR150","unstructured":"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/health\/documents\/communityregister\/2015\/20150717132330\/anx_132330_it.pdf. Accessed: Jan 25, 2025."},{"key":"2158_CR151","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/product-information\/praluent-epar-product-information_en.pdf. Accessed: Jan 25, 2025."},{"key":"2158_CR152","unstructured":"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/health\/documents\/community-register\/2020\/20201209149856\/anx_149856_it.pdf. Accessed: Jan 25, 2025."},{"key":"2158_CR153","unstructured":"Sidhu G, Tripp J. Fenofibrate. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; Mar 13, 2023."}],"container-title":["Drugs"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40265-025-02158-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40265-025-02158-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40265-025-02158-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]],"date-time":"2025-05-23T15:04:39Z","timestamp":1748012679000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40265-025-02158-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]]},"references-count":153,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["2158"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40265-025-02158-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-6667","1179-1950"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-6667","type":"print"},{"value":"1179-1950","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 February 2025","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 March 2025","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Funding"}},{"value":"M.A. has received research grant support from Amryt Pharmaceutical, Amgen, IONIS, Akcea Therapeutics, Daiichi-Sankyo, Novartis, Pfizer, and Regeneron; served as a consultant for Amgen, Akcea Therapeutics, Daiichi-Sankyo, and Ultragenyx; and received fees for lecturing, congress participation, and advisory board participation from Amgen, Amryt Pharmaceutical, Daiichi-Sankyo, Regeneron, Sanofi, Amarin, and Ultragenyx. L.D. has received personal fees for public speaking or consultancy or grant support from Amryt Pharmaceutical, Akcea Therapeutics, SOBI, AuroraBiopharma, Novartis, Amarin, Daiichi-Sankyo, Bayer, and Sandoz. S.B. has received personal fees for public speaking from SOBI; retains stock options in Eli Lilly, UnitedHealth, Novo Nordisk, Merck, and Thermo Fisher Scientific; and received grants for meeting participation from Novartis. D.T. has received personal fees for public speaking from SOBI. C.M., A.D.C., D.C., I.M., M.C., J.C., I.A., S.C., and G.S. have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}},{"value":"D.T. and L.D. were primarily responsible for the conceptualization, methodology, revision of selected articles, and writing of the original draft. L.D. supervised the project. S.B., A.D.C., and I.M. critically revised the manuscript and contributed to the analysis of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic aspects. D.C., as a pharmacist, reviewed the technical aspects related to the medications and critically revised the manuscript. C.M., M.C., J.C., I.A., S.C., and G.S. extensively researched the literature, assisted in reviewing the studies and the selection process, and critically revised the manuscript. M.A. reviewed the selected literature and contributed to the final organization of the manuscript. All authors reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Author Contributions"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":8,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Code Availability"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":9,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Availability of Data and Material"}}]}}