{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T03:03:14Z","timestamp":1783134194276,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,6]],"date-time":"2016-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1462492800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Drugs Aging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40266-016-0372-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,6]],"date-time":"2016-05-06T09:07:32Z","timestamp":1462525652000},"page":"451-460","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Pharmacotherapy for Dementia: A Practical Approach to the Use of Cholinesterase Inhibitors and Memantine"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Chit Wai","family":"Wong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"372_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.2165\/00002512-200421070-00004","volume":"21","author":"D Wilkinson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wilkinson D, Francis PT, Schwam E, Payne-Parrish J. Cholineserase inhibitors used in the treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: the relationship between pharmacological effects and clinical efficacy. Drug Aging. 2004;21:453\u201378.","journal-title":"Drug Aging"},{"key":"372_CR2","first-page":"211","volume":"3","author":"RA Hansen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hansen RA, Gartlehner G, Webb AP, et al. Efficacy and safety of donepezil, galantamine, and rivastigmine for the treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Interv Aging. 2008;3:211\u201325.","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"key":"372_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-148-5-200803040-00009","volume":"148","author":"P Raina","year":"2008","unstructured":"Raina P, Santaguida P, Ismaila A, et al. Effectiveness of cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine for treating dementia: evidence review for a clinical practice guideline. Ann Intern Med. 2008;148:379\u201397.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"372_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Birks J. Cholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006. doi: 10.1002\/14651858.CD005593 .","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD005593"},{"key":"372_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.1402","volume":"21","author":"A Takeda","year":"2006","unstructured":"Takeda A, Loveman E, Clegg A, et al. A systematic review of the clinical effectiveness of donepezil, rivastigmine and galantamine on cognition, quality of life and adverse events in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2006;21:17\u201328.","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"372_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1097\/01.JGP.0000192478.82189.a8","volume":"14","author":"R Perneczky","year":"2006","unstructured":"Perneczky R, Wagenpfeil S, Komosa K, et al. Mapping scores onto stages: mini-mental state examination and clinical dementia rating. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2006;14:139\u201344.","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"372_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1097\/00019442-200407000-00003","volume":"12","author":"CW Ritchie","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ritchie CW, Ames D, Clayton T. Metaanalysis of randomized trials of the efficacy and safety of donepezil, galantamine, and rivastigmine for the treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2004;12:358\u201369.","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"372_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.331.7512.321","volume":"331","author":"H Kaduszkiewicz","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kaduszkiewicz H, Zimmermann T, Beck-Bornholdt HP, van den Bussche H. Cholinesterase inhibitors for patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease: systematic review of randomized clinical trials. BMJ. 2005;331:321\u20137.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"372_CR9","first-page":"557","volume":"169","author":"KL Lanct\u00f4t","year":"2003","unstructured":"Lanct\u00f4t KL, Herrmann N, Yau KK, et al. Efficacy and safety of cholinesterase inhibitors in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a meta-analysis. CMAJ. 2003;169:557\u201364.","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"372_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2006.10.004","volume":"3","author":"RS Doody","year":"2007","unstructured":"Doody RS, Tariot PN, Pfeiffer E, Olin JT. Meta-analysis of six-month memantine trials in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Alzheimer\u2019s Dement. 2007;3:7\u201317.","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement"},{"key":"372_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1159\/000102568","volume":"24","author":"B Winblad","year":"2007","unstructured":"Winblad B, Jones RW, Wirth Y, St\u00f6ffler A. Memantine in moderate to severe Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2007;24:20\u20137.","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"key":"372_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"McShane R, Areosa Sastre A, Minakaran N. Memantine for dementia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006. doi: 10.1002\/14651858.CD003154.pub5 .","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003154.pub5"},{"key":"372_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1097\/00002093-200110000-00003","volume":"15","author":"PM Doraiswarmy","year":"2001","unstructured":"Doraiswarmy PM, Kaiser L, Bicher F, et al. The Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Assessment Scale: evaluation of psychometric properties and patterns of cognitive declines in multicenter clinical trials of mild-to-moderate Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 2001;15:174\u201383.","journal-title":"Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord"},{"key":"372_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-148-5-200803040-00008","volume":"148","author":"A Qaseem","year":"2008","unstructured":"Qaseem A, Snow Cross JT, et al. Current pharmacologic treatment of dementia: a clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians and the American Academy of Family Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2008;148:370\u20138.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"372_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.57.3.489","volume":"57","author":"B Winblad","year":"2001","unstructured":"Winblad B, Engedal K, Soininen H, et al. A 1-year, randomized, placebo-controlled study of donepezil in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Neurology. 2001;57:489\u201395.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"372_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.57.3.481","volume":"57","author":"RC Mohs","year":"2001","unstructured":"Mohs RC, Doody RS, Morris JC, et al. A 1-year, placebo-controlled preservation of functional survival study of donepezil in Alzheimer\u2019s disease patients. Neurology. 2001;57:481\u20138.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"372_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2105","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16499-4","volume":"363","author":"C Coutrtney","year":"2004","unstructured":"Coutrtney C, Farrell D, Gray R, AD2000 Collaborative Group, et al. Long-term donepezil treatment in 565 patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD2000): randomized double-blind trials. Lancet. 2004;363:2105\u201315.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"372_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610209990354","volume":"21","author":"J Rodda","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rodda J, Morgan S, Walker Z. Are cholinesterase inhibitors effective in the management of the behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia in Alzheimer\u2019s disease? A systematic review of randomized, placebo-controlled trials of donepezil, rivastigamine and galtantamine. Int Psychogeriatr. 2009;21:813\u201324.","journal-title":"Int Psychogeriatr"},{"key":"372_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2011.69","volume":"68","author":"LS Schneider","year":"2011","unstructured":"Schneider LS, Dagerman KS, Higgins JPT, McShane R. Lack of evidence for the efficacy of memantine in mild Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Arch Neurol. 2011;68:991\u20138.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"372_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1159\/000353801","volume":"37","author":"D Wilkinson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wilkinson D, Wirth Y, Goebel C. Memantine in patients with moderate to severe Alzheimer\u2019s disease: meta-analysis using realistic definitions of response. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2014;37:71\u201385.","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"key":"372_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.2788","volume":"27","author":"D Wilkinson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wilkinson D. A review of the effects of memantine on clinical progression in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Int J Geriatr Psychaitry. 2012;27:769\u201376.","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychaitry"},{"key":"372_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1097\/WAD.0b013e31816653bc","volume":"22","author":"A Atri","year":"2008","unstructured":"Atri A, Shaughnessy BS, Locascio JJ, Growdon JH. Long term course and effectiveness of combination therapy in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 2008;22:209\u201321.","journal-title":"Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord"},{"key":"372_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2008.158964","volume":"80","author":"OL Lopez","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lopez OL, Becker JT, Wahed AS, et al. Long term effects of the concomitant use of memantine with cholinesterase inhibition in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2009;80:600\u20137.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"372_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.321.7274.1445","volume":"321","author":"GK Wilock","year":"2000","unstructured":"Wilock GK, Lilienfeld S, Gaens E, et al. Efficacy and safety of galantamine in patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer\u2019s disease: multicentre randomized controlled trial. BMJ. 2000;321:1445.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"372_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610202008384","volume":"14","author":"JM Kim","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kim JM, Shin IS, Yoon JS. Correlates of dropout, efficacy, and adverse events in treatment with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in Korean patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Int Psychogeriatr. 2002;14:187\u201395.","journal-title":"Int Psychogeriatr"},{"key":"372_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.2195","volume":"24","author":"AK Wallin","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wallin AK, Hansson O, Blennow K, et al. Can csf biomarkers or pre-treatment progression rate predict response to cholinesterase inhibitor treatment in Alzheimer\u2019s disease? Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2009;24:638\u201347.","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"372_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.2174\/15672050113106660167","volume":"11","author":"T Ohnishi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ohnishi T, Sakiyama Y, Kimura Y, et al. The predication of response to galantamine treatment in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Curr Alzheimer Res. 2014;11:110\u20138.","journal-title":"Curr Alzheimer Res"},{"key":"372_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.02.015","volume":"15","author":"C Babiloni","year":"2006","unstructured":"Babiloni C, Cassetta E, Dal Forno G, et al. Donepezil effects on sources of cortical rhythm in mild Alzheimer\u2019s disease: responders vs. non-responders. Neuroimage. 2006;15:1650\u20135.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"372_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afu143","volume":"44","author":"J Ngo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ngo J, Holroyad-Leduc JM. Systematic review of recent dementia practice guidelines. Age Ageing. 2015;44:25\u201333.","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"372_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1097\/00019442-200303000-00004","volume":"11","author":"JL Cummings","year":"2003","unstructured":"Cummings JL. Use of cholinesterase inhibitors in clinical practice: evidence-based recommendations. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2003;11:131\u201345.","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"372_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5846(01)00326-8","volume":"26","author":"PM Doraiswamy","year":"2002","unstructured":"Doraiswamy PM, Krishnan RR, Anand R, et al. Long-term effects of rivastigmine in moderately severe Alzheimer\u2019s disease: does early initiation of therapy offer sustained benefits? Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2002;26:705\u201312.","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"372_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S5","DOI":"10.1186\/alzrt201","volume":"5","author":"N Herrmann","year":"2013","unstructured":"Herrmann N, Lanct\u00f4t KL, Hogan DB. Pharmacological recommendations for the symptomatic treatment of dementia: the Canadian Consensus Conference on the diagnosis and Treatment of Dementia 2012. Alzheimer\u2019s Res Ther. 2013;5:S5. doi: 10.1186\/alzrt201 .","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Res Ther"},{"key":"372_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.081103","volume":"179","author":"DB Hogan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hogan DB, Bailey P, Black S, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of dementia: 5. Non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic therapy for mild to moderate dementia. CMAJ. 2008;179:1019\u201326.","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"372_CR34","unstructured":"Full prescription information. Aricept (donepezil). www.labeling.pfizer.com\/ShowLabeling.aspx?id=510 . Accessed May 2016"},{"key":"372_CR35","unstructured":"Full prescription information. Exelon (rivastigmine). https:\/\/www.pharma.us.novartis.com\/product\/pi\/pdf\/exelon.pdf . Assessed May 2016"},{"key":"372_CR36","unstructured":"Full prescription information. Razadyne (galantamine). https:\/\/www.janssenmd.com\/pdf\/razadyne\/PI-Razadyne-RazadyneER.pdf . Assessed May 2016"},{"key":"372_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2009.43","volume":"169","author":"SS Gill","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gill SS, Anderson GM, Fischer HD, et al. Syncope and its consequences in patients with dementia receiving cholinesterase inhibitors: a population-based cohort study. Arch Intern Med. 2009;169:867\u201373.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"372_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000078943.50032.FC","volume":"61","author":"D Wilkinson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Wilkinson D, Doody R, Helme R, Donepezil 308 Study Group, et al. Donepezil 308 Study Group. Donepezil in vascular dementia: a randomized, placebo-controlled study. Neurology. 2003;61:479\u201386.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"372_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2323","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000091396.95360.E1","volume":"34","author":"S Black","year":"2003","unstructured":"Black S, Roman GC, Geldmacher DS, Donepezil 307 Vascular Dementia Study Group. Efficacy and tolerability of donepezil in vascular dementia: positive results of a 24\u00a0week, multicentre, international, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Stroke. 2003;34:2323\u201330.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"372_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1159\/000069988","volume":"16","author":"NR Reikin","year":"2003","unstructured":"Reikin NR, Reichman WE, Orazem J, McRae T. A large community based, open-label trial of donepezil in the treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Dement Geri Cogn Disord. 2003;16:15\u201324.","journal-title":"Dement Geri Cogn Disord"},{"key":"372_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203708361","volume-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease and other dementia: a practical guide","author":"ME Agronin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Agronin ME. Alzheimer\u2019s disease and other dementia: a practical guide. 3rd ed. New York: Routeledge; 2014.","edition":"3"},{"key":"372_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S14","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000281847.17519.e0","volume":"69","author":"B Winblad","year":"2007","unstructured":"Winblad B, Grossberg G, Fr\u00f6lich L, et al. IDEAL: a 6-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of first skin patch for Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Neurology. 2007;69:S14\u201322.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"372_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.2165\/11531270-000000000-00000","volume":"30","author":"JL Cumming","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cumming JL, Farlow MR, Meng X, Tekin S, Olin JT. Rivastigmine transdermal patch skin tolerability: results of a 1-year clinical trial in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Clin Drug Investig. 2010;30:41\u20139.","journal-title":"Clin Drug Investig"},{"key":"372_CR44","unstructured":"Full prescribing Information. Namenda (memantine). http:\/\/pi.actavis.com\/data_stream.asp?product_group=1901&p=pi&language=E . Assessed May 2016"},{"key":"372_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)03486-8","volume":"354","author":"P Bowie","year":"1999","unstructured":"Bowie P, Branton T, Holmes J. Should the mini mental state examination to be used to monitor dementia treatments? Lancet. 1999;354:1527\u20138.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"372_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610209990822","volume":"22","author":"F Franco-Marina","year":"2010","unstructured":"Franco-Marina F, Garcia-Gonz\u00e1lez JJ, Wagner-Echeagaray F, et al. The mini-mental state examination revisited : ceiling and floor effects after score adjustment for educational level in an aging Mexican population. Int Psychogeratr. 2010;22:72\u201381.","journal-title":"Int Psychogeratr"},{"key":"372_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/32.2.200","volume":"32","author":"C Holmes","year":"2003","unstructured":"Holmes C, Lovestone S. Long-term cognitive and functional decline in late onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease: therapeutic implications. Age Ageing. 2003;32:200\u20134.","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"372_CR48","unstructured":"NICE Technology appraisal guidance TA 217. Alzheimer\u2019s disease\u2014donepezil, galantemine, rivastigmine and memantine for the treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. National Institute for Hleath and Clinic Excellence 2011. http:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ta217\/resources\/donepezil-galantamine-rivastigmine-and-memantine-for-the-treatment-of-alzheimers-disease-82600254699973 . Assessed May 2016"},{"key":"372_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.070804","volume":"179","author":"N Herrmann","year":"2008","unstructured":"Herrmann N, Gauthier S. Diagnosis and treatment of dementia: 6. Management of severe Alzeimer\u2019s disease. CMAJ. 2008;179:1279\u201387.","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"372_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.151.3.390","volume":"151","author":"RG Stern","year":"1994","unstructured":"Stern RG, Mohs RC, Davidson M, et al. A longitudinal study of Alheimer\u2019s disease: measurement, rate, and predictors of cognitive deterioration. Am J Psychiatry. 1994;151:390\u20136.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"372_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-138-11-200306030-00015","volume":"138","author":"M Boustani","year":"2003","unstructured":"Boustani M, Peterson B, Hanson L, Harris R, Lohr KN. Screening for dementia in primary care: a summary of the evidence for the U.S. preventive services task force. Ann Inten Med. 2003;138:927\u201337.","journal-title":"Ann Inten Med"},{"key":"372_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1097\/01.JGP.0000221334.65330.55","volume":"14","author":"CG Lyketsos","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lyketsos CG, Colenda CC, Beck C, et al. Position statement of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry regarding principles of care for patients with dementia resulting from Alzheimer disease. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2006;14:561\u201372.","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"372_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1185\/030079902125000471","volume":"18","author":"S Auriacombe","year":"2002","unstructured":"Auriacombe S, PereJ-J Loria-Kanza Y, et al. Efficacy and safety of rivastigmine in patients with Alaheimer\u2019s disease who failed to benefit from treatment with donepezi. Curr Med Res Opin. 2002;18:129\u201338.","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"372_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-2918(01)80162-4","volume":"23","author":"SH Ferris","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ferris SH. Switching previous therapies for Alzheimer\u2019s disease to galantamine. Clin Ther. 2001;23:A3\u20137.","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"key":"372_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1185\/030079903125002450","volume":"19","author":"S Gauthier","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gauthier S, Emre M, Farlow MR, Bullock R, Grossberg GT, Potkin SG. Strategies for continued successful treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: switching cholinesterase inhibitors. Curr Med Res Opin. 2003;19:707\u201314.","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"372_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1159\/000343479","volume":"2","author":"T Muayquil","year":"2012","unstructured":"Muayquil T, Camicioli R. Systematic review and meta-analysis of combination therapy with cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine in Alzheimer\u2019s disease and other dementias. Demnt Geriatr Cogn Disord Extra. 2012;2:546\u201372.","journal-title":"Demnt Geriatr Cogn Disord Extra"},{"key":"372_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e000917","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-000917","volume":"2","author":"LE Farrimond","year":"2012","unstructured":"Farrimond LE, Roberts E, McShane R. Memantine and cholinesterase inhibitor combination therapy for Alheimer\u2019s disease: a systematic review. BMJ Open. 2012;2:e000917. doi: 10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-000917 .","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"372_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"pyu115","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyu115","volume":"18","author":"S Matsunaga","year":"2015","unstructured":"Matsunaga S, Kishi T, Iwata N. Comincation therapy with cholinesterase inhibitors and mematnine of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Neuropsychopharmcol. 2015;18:pyu115.","journal-title":"Int J Neuropsychopharmcol"},{"key":"372_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/alzrt160","volume":"5","author":"A Atri","year":"2013","unstructured":"Atri A, Molinuevo JL, Lemming O, et al. Memantine in patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease receiving donepezil: new analyses of efficacy and safety for combination therapy. Alzheimers Res Ther. 2013;5:6.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res Ther"},{"key":"372_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1106668","volume":"366","author":"R Howard","year":"2012","unstructured":"Howard R, McShane R, Lindesay J, et al. Donepezil and memantine for moderate-to-severe Alzheimer\u2019s disease. N Engl J Med. 2012;366:893\u2013903.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"372_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610210001535","volume":"23","author":"N Herrmann","year":"2011","unstructured":"Herrmann N, Black SE, Li A, Lanct\u00f4t KL. Discontinuing cholinesterase inhibitors: results of a survey of Canadian dementia experts. Int Psychogeriatr. 2011;23:539\u201345.","journal-title":"Int Psychogeriatr"},{"key":"372_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2006.08.036","volume":"120","author":"M Farlow","year":"2007","unstructured":"Farlow M, Cummings JL. Effective pharmacologic management of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Am J Med. 2007;120:388\u201397.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"372_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2001.49266.x","volume":"49","author":"PN Tarior","year":"2001","unstructured":"Tarior PN, Cummings JL, Katz IR, et al. A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy and safety of donepezil in patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease in the nursing home setting. J Am Geriatrc Soc. 2001;49:1590\u20139.","journal-title":"J Am Geriatrc Soc"},{"key":"372_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68350-5","volume":"367","author":"B Winblad","year":"2006","unstructured":"Winblad B, Kilander L, Erikson S, et al. Donepezil in patients with severe Alzheimer\u2019s disease: double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study. Lancet. 2006;367:1057\u201365.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"372_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2007.02.007","volume":"8","author":"J Lee","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lee J, Monette J, Sourial N, Monette M, Bergman H. The use of a cholinesterase inhibitor review committee in long-term care. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2007;8:243\u20137.","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"372_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Russ TC, Morling JR. Cholinesterase inhibitors for mild cognitive impairment. Cochrance Database Syst Rev. 2012. doi: 10.1002\/14651858.CD009132.pub2 .","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009132.pub2"},{"key":"372_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.130451","volume":"185","author":"AC Tricco","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tricco AC, Soobiah C, Berliner S, et al. Efficacy and safety of cognitive enhancers for patients with mild cognitive impairment: a systemic review and meta-analysis. CMAJ. 2013;185:1393\u2013401.","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"372_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2010.343","volume":"68","author":"LS Schneider","year":"2011","unstructured":"Schneider LS, Insel PS, Weiner M. Treatment with cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine of patients in the Alzheimer\u2019s disease neuroimaging initiative. Arch Neurol. 2011;68:58\u201366.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"372_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-010-0066-1","volume":"14","author":"LS Schneider","year":"2010","unstructured":"Schneider LS. The potential limit for clinical trials for early Alzheimer\u2019s disease and some recommendations. J Nutr Health Aging. 2010;14:295\u20138.","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"key":"372_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(07)70195-3","volume":"6","author":"H Kavirajan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kavirajan H, Schneider LS. Efficacy and adverse effects of cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine in vascular dementia: a mete-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Lancet Neurol. 2007;6:782\u201392.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"372_CR71","first-page":"CD006504","volume":"3","author":"M Rolinski","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rolinski M, Fox C, Maidment I, McShane R. Cholinesterase inhibitors for dementia with Lewy bodies, Parkinson\u2019s disease dementia and Cognitive impairment in Parkinson\u2019s disease. Cochrane Datebase Syst Rev. 2012;3:CD006504.","journal-title":"Cochrane Datebase Syst Rev"},{"key":"372_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1177\/0891988704267463","volume":"17","author":"D Aarsland","year":"2004","unstructured":"Aarsland D, Mosimann UP, McKeith IG. Role of cholinesterase inhibitors in Parkinson\u2019s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 2004;17:164\u201371.","journal-title":"J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol"},{"key":"372_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.23557","volume":"72","author":"E Mori","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mori E, Ikeda M, Kosaka K, Donepezil-DLB study investigators. Donepezil for dementia with Lewy bodies: a randomized, placebo controlled trial. Ann Neurol. 2012;72:42\u201352.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"372_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(09)70146-2","volume":"8","author":"D Aarsland","year":"2009","unstructured":"Aarsland D, Ballard C, Walker Z, et al. Memantine in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease dementia or dementia with Lewy bodies: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial. Lancet Neurol. 2009;8:6\u201313.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"372_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70194-0","volume":"9","author":"M Emre","year":"2010","unstructured":"Emre M, Tsolaki M, Bonuccelli U, et al. Memantine of patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease or dementia with Lewy bodies: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Neurol. 2010;9:969\u201377.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"372_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.4109","volume":"30","author":"KA Wesnes","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wesnes KA, Aarsland D, Ballard C, Londos E. Memantine improves attention and episodic memory in Parkinson\u2019s disease dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2015;30:46\u201354.","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"372_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1586\/ern.11.6","volume":"11","author":"GA Kerchner","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kerchner GA, Tartaglia MC, Boxer AL. Abhorring the vacuum: use of Alzheimer\u2019s disease medications in frontotemporal dementia. Expert Rev Neurother. 2011;11:709\u201317.","journal-title":"Expert Rev Neurother"},{"key":"372_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70320-4","volume":"12","author":"AL Boxer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Boxer AL, Knopman DS, Kaufer DI, Grossman M, et al. Memantine in patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration: a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Neurol. 2013;12:149\u201356.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"372_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-015-0297-4","volume":"13","author":"MS Rafii","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rafii MS, Aisen P. Advances in Alzheimer\u2019s disease drug development. BMC Med. 2015;13:62.","journal-title":"BMC Med"}],"container-title":["Drugs &amp; Aging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40266-016-0372-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40266-016-0372-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40266-016-0372-3","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,7]],"date-time":"2019-09-07T10:29:16Z","timestamp":1567852156000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40266-016-0372-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,6]]},"references-count":79,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]}},"alternative-id":["372"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40266-016-0372-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1170-229X","1179-1969"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1170-229X","type":"print"},{"value":"1179-1969","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,6]]}}}