{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T14:33:15Z","timestamp":1761489195938},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,21]],"date-time":"2013-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1377043200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Drugs"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40272-013-0044-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,20]],"date-time":"2013-08-20T13:40:02Z","timestamp":1377006002000},"page":"1-12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Impact of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines on Microbial Epidemiology and Clinical Outcomes of Acute Otitis Media"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Hau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Corinne","family":"Levy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laurence","family":"Caeymaex","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"44_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(10)70012-8","volume":"10","author":"A Vergison","year":"2010","unstructured":"Vergison A, Dagan R, Arguedas A, Bonhoeffer J, Cohen R, Dhooge I, et al. Otitis media and its consequences: beyond the earache. Lancet Infect Dis. 2010;10(3):195\u2013203. doi: 10.1016\/S1473-3099(10)70012-8 .","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"44_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0912254","volume":"364","author":"A Hoberman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hoberman A, Paradise JL, Rockette HE, Shaikh N, Wald ER, Kearney DH, et al. Treatment of acute otitis media in children under 2\u00a0years of age. N Engl J Med. 2011;364(2):105\u201315. doi: 10.1056\/NEJMoa0912254 .","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"13","key":"44_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2006.09.027","volume":"25","author":"MA Fletcher","year":"2007","unstructured":"Fletcher MA, Fritzell B. Brief review of the clinical effectiveness of Prevenar against otitis media. Vaccine. 2007;25(13):2507\u201312. doi: 10.1016\/j.vaccine.2006.09.027 .","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"5","key":"44_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1086\/527396","volume":"46","author":"A Forsgren","year":"2008","unstructured":"Forsgren A, Riesbeck K, Janson H. Protein D of Haemophilus influenzae: a protective nontypeable H. influenzae antigen and a carrier for pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. Clin Infect Dis. 2008;46(5):726\u201331. doi: 10.1086\/527396 .","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"33","key":"44_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2007.06.004","volume":"25","author":"DA Scott","year":"2007","unstructured":"Scott DA, Komjathy SF, Hu BT, Baker S, Supan LA, Monahan CA, et al. Phase 1 trial of a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in healthy adults. Vaccine. 2007;25(33):6164\u20136. doi: 10.1016\/j.vaccine.2007.06.004 .","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"1","key":"44_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1086\/648593","volume":"201","author":"T Pilishvili","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pilishvili T, Lexau C, Farley MM, Hadler J, Harrison LH, Bennett NM, et al. Sustained reductions in invasive pneumococcal disease in the era of conjugate vaccine. J Infect Dis. 2010;201(1):32\u201341. doi: 10.1086\/648593 .","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"44_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-200003000-00003","volume":"19","author":"S Black","year":"2000","unstructured":"Black S, Shinefield H, Fireman B, Lewis E, Ray P, Hansen JR, et al. Efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in children. Northern California Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center Group. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2000;19(3):187\u201395.","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"9","key":"44_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.1086\/521626","volume":"196","author":"LA Hicks","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hicks LA, Harrison LH, Flannery B, Hadler JL, Schaffner W, Craig AS, et al. Incidence of pneumococcal disease due to non-pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) serotypes in the United States during the era of widespread PCV7 vaccination, 1998\u20132004. J Infect Dis. 2007;196(9):1346\u201354. doi: 10.1086\/521626 .","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"44_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.020016-0","volume":"60","author":"RA Gladstone","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gladstone RA, Jefferies JM, Faust SN, Clarke SC. Continued control of pneumococcal disease in the UK\u2014the impact of vaccination. J Med Microbiol. 2011;60(Pt 1):1\u20138. doi: 10.1099\/jmm.0.020016-0 .","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"49","key":"44_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.09.112","volume":"29","author":"E Miller","year":"2011","unstructured":"Miller E, Andrews NJ, Waight PA, Slack MP, George RC. Effectiveness of the new serotypes in the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Vaccine. 2011;29(49):9127\u201331. doi: 10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.09.112 .","journal-title":"Vaccine."},{"issue":"9693","key":"44_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61204-6","volume":"374","author":"KL O\u2019Brien","year":"2009","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien KL, Wolfson LJ, Watt JP, Henkle E, Deloria-Knoll M, McCall N, et al. Burden of disease caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in children younger than 5\u00a0years: global estimates. Lancet. 2009;374(9693):893\u2013902. doi: 10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61204-6 .","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"issue":"7","key":"44_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1586\/erv.12.53","volume":"11","author":"B Simell","year":"2012","unstructured":"Simell B, Auranen K, Kayhty H, Goldblatt D, Dagan R, O\u2019Brien KL. The fundamental link between pneumococcal carriage and disease. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2012;11(7):841\u201355. doi: 10.1586\/erv.12.53 .","journal-title":"Expert Rev Vaccines"},{"issue":"3","key":"44_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(04)00938-7","volume":"4","author":"D Bogaert","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bogaert D, De Groot R, Hermans PW. Streptococcus pneumoniae colonisation: the key to pneumococcal disease. Lancet Infect Dis. 2004;4(3):144\u201354. doi: 10.1016\/S1473-3099(04)00938-7 .","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"44_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e17035","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0017035","volume":"6","author":"D Bogaert","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bogaert D, Keijser B, Huse S, Rossen J, Veenhoven R, van Gils E, et al. Variability and diversity of nasopharyngeal microbiota in children: a metagenomic analysis. PLoS One. 2011;6(2):e17035. doi: 10.1371\/journal.pone.0017035 .","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"10","key":"44_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2009.07.005","volume":"73","author":"L Aguilar","year":"2009","unstructured":"Aguilar L, Alvarado O, Soley C, Abdelnour A, Dagan R, Arguedas A. Microbiology of the middle ear fluid in Costa Rican children between 2002 and 2007. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2009;73(10):1407\u201311. doi: 10.1016\/j.ijporl.2009.07.005 .","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"Suppl S2","key":"44_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkf506","volume":"50","author":"JA Garcia-Rodriguez","year":"2002","unstructured":"Garcia-Rodriguez JA, Fresnadillo Martinez MJ. Dynamics of nasopharyngeal colonization by potential respiratory pathogens. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2002;50(Suppl S2):59\u201373.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"6","key":"44_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/142.6.923","volume":"142","author":"BM Gray","year":"1980","unstructured":"Gray BM, Converse GM 3rd, Dillon HC Jr. Epidemiologic studies of Streptococcus pneumoniae in infants: acquisition, carriage, and infection during the first 24\u00a0months of life. J Infect Dis. 1980;142(6):923\u201333.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"44_CR18","first-page":"S23","volume":"8","author":"BM Gray","year":"1989","unstructured":"Gray BM, Dillon HC Jr. Natural history of pneumococcal infections. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1989;8(1 Suppl):S23\u20135.","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"1","key":"44_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.2217\/17460913.3.1.23","volume":"3","author":"WP Hanage","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hanage WP. Serotype-specific problems associated with pneumococcal conjugate vaccination. Future Microbiol. 2008;3(1):23\u201330. doi: 10.2217\/17460913.3.1.23 .","journal-title":"Future Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"44_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epidem.2010.03.005","volume":"2","author":"WP Hanage","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hanage WP, Finkelstein JA, Huang SS, Pelton SI, Stevenson AE, Kleinman K, et al. Evidence that pneumococcal serotype replacement in Massachusetts following conjugate vaccination is now complete. Epidemics. 2010;2(2):80\u20134. doi: 10.1016\/j.epidem.2010.03.005 .","journal-title":"Epidemics"},{"issue":"37","key":"44_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2009.05.037","volume":"28","author":"R Cohen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cohen R, Levy C, Bonnet E, Grondin S, Desvignes V, Lecuyer A, et al. Dynamic of pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage in children with acute otitis media following PCV7 introduction in France. Vaccine. 2010;28(37):6114\u201321. doi: 10.1016\/j.vaccine.2009.05.037 .","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"7","key":"44_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000220231.79968.f6","volume":"25","author":"DS Shouval","year":"2006","unstructured":"Shouval DS, Greenberg D, Givon-Lavi N, Porat N, Dagan R. Site-specific disease potential of individual Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes in pediatric invasive disease, acute otitis media and acute conjunctivitis. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2006;25(7):602\u20137. doi: 10.1097\/01.inf.0000220231.79968.f6 .","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"12","key":"44_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(08)70281-0","volume":"8","author":"R Dagan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dagan R, Klugman KP. Impact of conjugate pneumococcal vaccines on antibiotic resistance. Lancet Infect Dis. 2008;8(12):785\u201395. doi: 10.1016\/S1473-3099(08)70281-0 .","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"17","key":"44_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2728","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.01.091","volume":"30","author":"JH Song","year":"2012","unstructured":"Song JH, Dagan R, Klugman KP, Fritzell B. The relationship between pneumococcal serotypes and antibiotic resistance. Vaccine. 2012;30(17):2728\u201337. doi: 10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.01.091 .","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"11","key":"44_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000243163.85163.a8","volume":"25","author":"R Cohen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cohen R, Levy C, de La Rocque F, Gelbert N, Wollner A, Fritzell B, et al. Impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and of reduction of antibiotic use on nasopharyngeal carriage of nonsusceptible pneumococci in children with acute otitis media. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2006;25(11):1001\u20137. doi: 10.1097\/01.inf.0000243163.85163.a8 .","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"44_CR26","author":"J Casey","year":"2013","unstructured":"Casey J, Kaur R, Friedel V, Pichichero M. Acute otitis media otopathogens during 2008\u20132010 in Rochester NY. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2013;. doi: 10.1097:INF.0b013e31828d9acc .","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"1","key":"44_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e31826f6144","volume":"32","author":"V Friedel","year":"2013","unstructured":"Friedel V, Chang A, Wills J, Vargas R, Xu Q, Pichichero ME. Impact of respiratory viral infections on alpha-hemolytic streptococci and otopathogens in the nasopharynx of young children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2013;32(1):27\u201331. doi: 10.1097\/INF.0b013e31826f6144 .","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"11","key":"44_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1738","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1811.111904","volume":"18","author":"Q Xu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Xu Q, Almudervar A, Casey JR, Pichichero ME. Nasopharyngeal bacterial interactions in children. Emerg Infect Dis. 2012;18(11):1738\u201345. doi: 10.3201\/eid1811.111904 .","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"44_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e31824ba6f7","volume":"31","author":"Q Xu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Xu Q, Casey JR, Chang A, Pichichero ME. When co-colonizing the nasopharynx Haemophilus influenzae predominates over Streptococcus pneumoniae except serotype 19A strains to cause acute otitis media. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2012;31(6):638\u201340. doi: 10.1097\/INF.0b013e31824ba6f7 .","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"6","key":"44_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20229","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0020229","volume":"6","author":"EJ Gils van","year":"2011","unstructured":"van Gils EJ, Hak E, Veenhoven RH, Rodenburg GD, Bogaert D, Bruin JP, et al. Effect of seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on Staphylococcus aureus colonisation in a randomised controlled trial. PLoS One. 2011;6(6):e20229. doi: 10.1371\/journal.pone.0020229 .","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"44_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1086\/381547","volume":"38","author":"G Regev-Yochay","year":"2004","unstructured":"Regev-Yochay G, Raz M, Dagan R, Porat N, Shainberg B, Pinco E, et al. Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae by adults and children in community and family settings. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;38(5):632\u20139. doi: 10.1086\/381547 .","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"9424","key":"44_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1871","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16357-5","volume":"363","author":"D Bogaert","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bogaert D, van Belkum A, Sluijter M, Luijendijk A, de Groot R, Rumke HC, et al. Colonisation by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus in healthy children. Lancet. 2004;363(9424):1871\u20132. doi: 10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16357-5 .","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"11","key":"44_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1662","DOI":"10.1086\/522164","volume":"196","author":"SA Madhi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Madhi SA, Adrian P, Kuwanda L, Cutland C, Albrich WC, Klugman KP. Long-term effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on nasopharyngeal colonization by Streptococcus pneumoniae\u2014and associated interactions with Staphylococcus aureus and Haemophilus influenzae colonization\u2014in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected children. J Infect Dis. 2007;196(11):1662\u20136. doi: 10.1086\/522164 .","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"44_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1086\/523734","volume":"45","author":"R Cohen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cohen R, Levy C, Thollot F, de La Rocque F, Koskas M, Bonnet E, et al. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine does not influence Staphylococcus aureus carriage in young children with acute otitis media. Clin Infect Dis. 2007;45(12):1583\u20137. doi: 10.1086\/523734 .","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"44_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e39730","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0039730","volume":"7","author":"J Spijkerman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Spijkerman J, Prevaes SM, van Gils EJ, Veenhoven RH, Bruin JP, Bogaert D, et al. Long-term effects of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on nasopharyngeal carriage of S. pneumoniae, S. aureus, H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis. PLoS One. 2012;7(6):e39730. doi: 10.1371\/journal.pone.0039730 .","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"44_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-12-52","volume":"12","author":"R Cohen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cohen R, Bingen E, Levy C, Thollot F, Boucherat M, Derkx V, et al. Nasopharyngeal flora in children with acute otitis media before and after implementation of 7 valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in France. BMC Infect Dis. 2012;12:52. doi: 10.1186\/1471-2334-12-52 .","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"44","key":"44_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7595","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.08.049","volume":"29","author":"EJ Gils van","year":"2011","unstructured":"van Gils EJ, Veenhoven RH, Rodenburg GD, Hak E, Sanders EA. Effect of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on nasopharyngeal carriage with Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis in a randomized controlled trial. Vaccine. 2011;29(44):7595\u20138. doi: 10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.08.049 .","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"7","key":"44_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jis024","volume":"205","author":"M Hilty","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hilty M, Qi W, Brugger SD, Frei L, Agyeman P, Frey PM, et al. Nasopharyngeal microbiota in infants with acute otitis media. J Infect Dis. 2012;205(7):1048\u201355. doi: 10.1093\/infdis\/jis024 .","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"44_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00245","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00245-10","volume":"2","author":"AS Laufer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Laufer AS, Metlay JP, Gent JF, Fennie KP, Kong Y, Pettigrew MM. Microbial communities of the upper respiratory tract and otitis media in children. MBio. 2011;2(1):e00245\u2013310. doi: 10.1128\/mBio.00245-10 .","journal-title":"MBio"},{"issue":"3","key":"44_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00129","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00129-10","volume":"1","author":"KP Lemon","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lemon KP, Klepac-Ceraj V, Schiffer HK, Brodie EL, Lynch SV, Kolter R. Comparative analyses of the bacterial microbiota of the human nostril and oropharynx. MBio. 2010;1(3):e00129\u2013210. doi: 10.1128\/mBio.00129-10 .","journal-title":"MBio"},{"issue":"11","key":"44_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3750","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01186-11","volume":"49","author":"MM Pettigrew","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pettigrew MM, Gent JF, Pyles RB, Miller AL, Nokso-Koivisto J, Chonmaitree T. Viral-bacterial interactions and risk of acute otitis media complicating upper respiratory tract infection. J Clin Microbiol. 2011;49(11):3750\u20135. doi: 10.1128\/JCM.01186-11 .","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"44_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1584","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1410.080119","volume":"14","author":"MM Pettigrew","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pettigrew MM, Gent JF, Revai K, Patel JA, Chonmaitree T. Microbial interactions during upper respiratory tract infections. Emerg Infect Dis. 2008;14(10):1584\u201391. doi: 10.3201\/eid1410.080119 .","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"17","key":"44_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6262","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01051-12","volume":"78","author":"MM Pettigrew","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pettigrew MM, Laufer AS, Gent JF, Kong Y, Fennie KP, Metlay JP. Upper respiratory tract microbial communities, acute otitis media pathogens, and antibiotic use in healthy and sick children. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2012;78(17):6262\u201370. doi: 10.1128\/AEM.01051-12 .","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"44_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e34","DOI":"10.1086\/525856","volume":"46","author":"K Revai","year":"2008","unstructured":"Revai K, Mamidi D, Chonmaitree T. Association of nasopharyngeal bacterial colonization during upper respiratory tract infection and the development of acute otitis media. Clin Infect Dis. 2008;46(4):e34\u20137. doi: 10.1086\/525856 .","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"44_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2012.12.002","volume":"66","author":"A Ruohola","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ruohola A, Pettigrew MM, Lindholm L, Jalava J, Raisanen KS, Vainionpaa R, et al. Bacterial and viral interactions within the nasopharynx contribute to the risk of acute otitis media. J Infect. 2013;66(3):247\u201354. doi: 10.1016\/j.jinf.2012.12.002 .","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"issue":"3","key":"44_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e30","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis922","volume":"56","author":"MR Bergh van den","year":"2013","unstructured":"van den Bergh MR, Spijkerman J, Swinnen KM, Francois NA, Pascal TG, Borys D, et al. Effects of the 10-valent pneumococcal nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae protein D-conjugate vaccine on nasopharyngeal bacterial colonization in young children: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Infect Dis. 2013;56(3):e30\u20139. doi: 10.1093\/cid\/cis922 .","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"44_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e318247ef84","volume":"31","author":"R Cohen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cohen R, Levy C, Bingen E, Koskas M, Nave I, Varon E. Impact of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage in children with acute otitis media. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2012;31(3):297\u2013301. doi: 10.1097\/INF.0b013e318247ef84 .","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"44_CR48","author":"R Dagan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dagan R, Patterson S, Juergens C, Greenberg D, Givon-Lavi N, Porat N, et al. Comparative immunogenicity and efficacy of 13-valent and 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in reducing nasopharyngeal colonization: a randomized double-blind trial. Clin Infect Dis. 2013;. doi: 10.1093\/cid\/cit428 .","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"44_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e318159228f","volume":"27","author":"KL O\u2019Brien","year":"2008","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien KL, David AB, Chandran A, Moulton LH, Reid R, Weatherholtz R, et al. Randomized, controlled trial efficacy of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine against otitis media among Navajo and White Mountain Apache infants. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2008;27(1):71\u20133. doi: 10.1097\/INF.0b013e318159228f .","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"9","key":"44_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1086\/378744","volume":"37","author":"T Kilpi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kilpi T, Ahman H, Jokinen J, Lankinen KS, Palmu A, Savolainen H, et al. Protective efficacy of a second pneumococcal conjugate vaccine against pneumococcal acute otitis media in infants and children: randomized, controlled trial of a 7-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide-meningococcal outer membrane protein complex conjugate vaccine in 1666 children. Clin Infect Dis. 2003;37(9):1155\u201364. doi: 10.1086\/378744 .","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"44_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200102083440602","volume":"344","author":"J Eskola","year":"2001","unstructured":"Eskola J, Kilpi T, Palmu A, Jokinen J, Haapakoski J, Herva E, et al. Efficacy of a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine against acute otitis media. N Engl J Med. 2001;344(6):403\u20139. doi: 10.1056\/NEJM200102083440602 .","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9512","key":"44_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68304-9","volume":"367","author":"R Prymula","year":"2006","unstructured":"Prymula R, Peeters P, Chrobok V, Kriz P, Novakova E, Kaliskova E, et al. Pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides conjugated to protein D for prevention of acute otitis media caused by both Streptococcus pneumoniae and non-typable Haemophilus influenzae: a randomised double-blind efficacy study. Lancet. 2006;367(9512):740\u20138. doi: 10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68304-9 .","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"44_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-200301000-00006","volume":"22","author":"B Fireman","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fireman B, Black SB, Shinefield HR, Lee J, Lewis E, Ray P. Impact of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on otitis media. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2003;22(1):10\u20136. doi: 10.1097\/01.inf.0000045221.96634.7c .","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"10","key":"44_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-200110000-00008","volume":"20","author":"R Dagan","year":"2001","unstructured":"Dagan R, Sikuler-Cohen M, Zamir O, Janco J, Givon-Lavi N, Fraser D. Effect of a conjugate pneumococcal vaccine on the occurrence of respiratory infections and antibiotic use in day-care center attendees. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2001;20(10):951\u20138.","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"44_CR55","unstructured":"GlaxoSmithKline. Result summary for 109563. http:\/\/www.gsk-clinicalstudyregister.com\/result_detail.jsp?protocolId=109563&studyId=4C067737-D005-43ED-9C26-909AC9413566&compound=Pneumococcal+Polysaccharide+Conjugate+Vaccine+(Adsorbed) . Accessed 3 Aug 2013."},{"issue":"21","key":"44_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2877","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2009.02.102","volume":"27","author":"P Wals De","year":"2009","unstructured":"De Wals P, Erickson L, Poirier B, Pepin J, Pichichero ME. How to compare the efficacy of conjugate vaccines to prevent acute otitis media? Vaccine. 2009;27(21):2877\u201383. doi: 10.1016\/j.vaccine.2009.02.102 .","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"12","key":"44_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1673","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis799","volume":"55","author":"J Jokinen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jokinen J, Palmu AA, Kilpi T. Acute otitis media replacement and recurrence in the Finnish Otitis Media Vaccine Trial. Clin Infect Dis. 2012;55(12):1673\u20136. doi: 10.1093\/cid\/cis799 .","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"44_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e31827c9bcc","volume":"32","author":"I Sarasoja","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sarasoja I, Jokinen J, Lahdenkari M, Kilpi T, Palmu AA. Long-term effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on tympanostomy tube placements. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2013;32(5):517\u201320. doi: 10.1097\/INF.0b013e31827c9bcc .","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"44_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-8-12","volume":"8","author":"S Esposito","year":"2007","unstructured":"Esposito S, Lizioli A, Lastrico A, Begliatti E, Rognoni A, Tagliabue C, et al. Impact on respiratory tract infections of heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine administered at 3, 5 and 11\u00a0months of age. Respir Res. 2007;8:12. doi: 10.1186\/1465-9921-8-12 .","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"issue":"47","key":"44_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5944","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.08.058","volume":"26","author":"D Adam","year":"2008","unstructured":"Adam D, Fehnle K. Safety and effectiveness against respiratory tract infections for pneumococcal conjugate vaccine co-administered with routine vaccine combinations. Vaccine. 2008;26(47):5944\u201351. doi: 10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.08.058 .","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"2","key":"44_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-0619","volume":"121","author":"F Zhou","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zhou F, Shefer A, Kong Y, Nuorti JP. Trends in acute otitis media-related health care utilization by privately insured young children in the United States, 1997\u20132004. Pediatrics. 2008;121(2):253\u201360. doi: 10.1542\/peds.2007-0619 .","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"9","key":"44_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e271","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e3181bad212","volume":"28","author":"PD Wals","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wals PD, Carbon M, Sevin E, Deceuninck G, Ouakki M. Reduced physician claims for otitis media after implementation of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine program in the province of Quebec, Canada. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2009;28(9):e271\u20135. doi: 10.1097\/INF.0b013e3181bad212 .","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"2","key":"44_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e318188d079","volume":"28","author":"RJ Singleton","year":"2009","unstructured":"Singleton RJ, Holman RC, Plant R, Yorita KL, Holve S, Paisano EL, et al. Trends in otitis media and myringtomy with tube placement among American Indian\/Alaska Native children and the US general population of children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2009;28(2):102\u20137. doi: 10.1097\/INF.0b013e318188d079 .","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"4","key":"44_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-2138","volume":"119","author":"KA Poehling","year":"2007","unstructured":"Poehling KA, Szilagyi PG, Grijalva CG, Martin SW, LaFleur B, Mitchel E, et al. Reduction of frequent otitis media and pressure-equalizing tube insertions in children after introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Pediatrics. 2007;119(4):707\u201315. doi: 10.1542\/peds.2006-2138 .","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"44_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-0492","volume":"118","author":"CG Grijalva","year":"2006","unstructured":"Grijalva CG, Poehling KA, Nuorti JP, Zhu Y, Martin SW, Edwards KM, et al. National impact of universal childhood immunization with pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on outpatient medical care visits in the United States. Pediatrics. 2006;118(3):865\u201373. doi: 10.1542\/peds.2006-0492 .","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"9","key":"44_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000136871.51792.19","volume":"23","author":"JR Casey","year":"2004","unstructured":"Casey JR, Pichichero ME. Changes in frequency and pathogens causing acute otitis media in 1995\u20132003. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2004;23(9):824\u20138.","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"12","key":"44_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis292","volume":"54","author":"S Taylor","year":"2012","unstructured":"Taylor S, Marchisio P, Vergison A, Harriague J, Hausdorff WP, Haggard M. Impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination on otitis media: a systematic review. Clin Infect Dis. 2012;54(12):1765\u201373. doi: 10.1093\/cid\/cis292 .","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"44_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e31821038d9","volume":"30","author":"K Stamboulidis","year":"2011","unstructured":"Stamboulidis K, Chatzaki D, Poulakou G, Ioannidou S, Lebessi E, Katsarolis I, et al. The impact of the heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on the epidemiology of acute otitis media complicated by otorrhea. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2011;30(7):551\u20135. doi: 10.1097\/INF.0b013e31821038d9 .","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"2","key":"44_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000253053.01151.bd","volume":"26","author":"L Manzoli","year":"2007","unstructured":"Manzoli L, Schioppa F, Boccia A, Villari P. The efficacy of influenza vaccine for healthy children: a meta-analysis evaluating potential sources of variation in efficacy estimates including study quality. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2007;26(2):97\u2013106. doi: 10.1097\/01.inf.0000253053.01151.bd .","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"12","key":"44_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000148233.57296.90","volume":"23","author":"E Leibovitz","year":"2004","unstructured":"Leibovitz E, Jacobs MR, Dagan R. Haemophilus influenzae: a significant pathogen in acute otitis media. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2004;23(12):1142\u201352.","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"1","key":"44_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.45.1.29","volume":"45","author":"VM Howie","year":"1970","unstructured":"Howie VM, Ploussard JH, Lester RL Jr. Otitis media: a clinical and bacteriological correlation. Pediatrics. 1970;45(1):29\u201335.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"11","key":"44_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1641","DOI":"10.1086\/647933","volume":"49","author":"A Broides","year":"2009","unstructured":"Broides A, Dagan R, Greenberg D, Givon-Lavi N, Leibovitz E. Acute otitis media caused by Moraxella catarrhalis: epidemiologic and clinical characteristics. Clin Infect Dis. 2009;49(11):1641\u20137. doi: 10.1086\/647933 .","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"44_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e3182868cc8","volume":"32","author":"ER Wald","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wald ER, Demuri GP. Antibiotic recommendations for acute otitis media and acute bacterial sinusitis in 2013\u2014the conundrum. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2013;32(6):641\u20133. doi: 10.1097\/INF.0b013e3182868cc8 .","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"12","key":"44_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1738","DOI":"10.1086\/429908","volume":"40","author":"MC McEllistrem","year":"2005","unstructured":"McEllistrem MC, Adams JM, Patel K, Mendelsohn AB, Kaplan SL, Bradley JS, et al. Acute otitis media due to penicillin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae before and after the introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Clin Infect Dis. 2005;40(12):1738\u201344. doi: 10.1086\/429908 .","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"44_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000136868.91756.80","volume":"23","author":"SL Block","year":"2004","unstructured":"Block SL, Hedrick J, Harrison CJ, Tyler R, Smith A, Findlay R, et al. Community-wide vaccination with the heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate significantly alters the microbiology of acute otitis media. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2004;23(9):829\u201333.","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"11","key":"44_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1679","DOI":"10.1086\/379665","volume":"188","author":"MC McEllistrem","year":"2003","unstructured":"McEllistrem MC, Adams J, Mason EO, Wald ER. Epidemiology of acute otitis media caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae before and after licensure of the 7-valent pneumococcal protein conjugate vaccine. J Infect Dis. 2003;188(11):1679\u201384. doi: 10.1086\/379665 .","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"44_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcped.2008.09.003","volume":"15","author":"F Mahjoub-Messai","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mahjoub-Messai F, Doit C, Mariani-Kurkdjian P, Francois M, Bingen E. Epidemiology of acute otitis media caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae: emergence of serotype 19A [in French]. Arch Pediatr. 2008;15(11):1713\u20136. doi: 10.1016\/j.arcped.2008.09.003 .","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"44_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e3181c1bc48","volume":"29","author":"JR Casey","year":"2010","unstructured":"Casey JR, Adlowitz DG, Pichichero ME. New patterns in the otopathogens causing acute otitis media six to eight years after introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2010;29(4):304\u20139. doi: 10.1097\/INF.0b013e3181c1bc48 .","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"44_CR79","unstructured":"Dagan R, Givon-Lavi N, Leibovitz E, Raiz S, Greenberg D. Rapid reduction in the incidence of culture-positive non-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae (NSSP) otitis media (AOM) following introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) in southern Israel. ICAAC G-1050. 2012."},{"issue":"3","key":"44_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01913-06","volume":"45","author":"L Hogberg","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hogberg L, Geli P, Ringberg H, Melander E, Lipsitch M, Ekdahl K. Age- and serogroup-related differences in observed durations of nasopharyngeal carriage of penicillin-resistant pneumococci. J Clin Microbiol. 2007;45(3):948\u201352. doi: 10.1128\/JCM.01913-06 .","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"44_CR81","first-page":"524","volume":"22","author":"N Givon-Lavi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Givon-Lavi N, Fraser D, Dagan R. Vaccination of day-care center attendees reduces carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae among their younger siblings. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2003;22(6):524\u201332. doi: 10.1097\/01.inf.0000069760.65826.f2 .","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"9560","key":"44_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60235-9","volume":"369","author":"S Malhotra-Kumar","year":"2007","unstructured":"Malhotra-Kumar S, Lammens C, Coenen S, Van Herck K, Goossens H. Effect of azithromycin and clarithromycin therapy on pharyngeal carriage of macrolide-resistant streptococci in healthy volunteers: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Lancet. 2007;369(9560):482\u201390. doi: 10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60235-9 .","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"44_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e3182357c8d","volume":"31","author":"V Couloigner","year":"2012","unstructured":"Couloigner V, Levy C, Francois M, Bidet P, Hausdorff WP, Pascal T, et al. Pathogens implicated in acute otitis media failures after 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine implementation in France: distribution, serotypes, and resistance levels. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2012;31(2):154\u20138. doi: 10.1097\/INF.0b013e3182357c8d .","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Drugs"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40272-013-0044-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40272-013-0044-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40272-013-0044-2","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]],"date-time":"2023-07-03T23:34:36Z","timestamp":1688427276000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40272-013-0044-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,21]]},"references-count":83,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]}},"alternative-id":["44"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40272-013-0044-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1174-5878","1179-2019"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1174-5878","type":"print"},{"value":"1179-2019","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,21]]}}}