{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T10:51:19Z","timestamp":1750157479552,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,27]],"date-time":"2018-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Drugs"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40272-018-0320-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,26]],"date-time":"2018-11-26T21:09:25Z","timestamp":1543266565000},"page":"25-31","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Topical Pharyngeal Lidocaine Reduces Respiratory Adverse Events During Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopies Under Ketamine Sedation in Children"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3900-125X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose Carlos","family":"Flores-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Estalella-Mendoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Campoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M\u00f3nica","family":"Salda\u00f1a-Valderas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alfonso M.","family":"Lechuga-Sancho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"320_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2004.06.006","volume":"44","author":"SM Green","year":"2004","unstructured":"Green SM, Krauss B. Clinical practice guideline for emergency department ketamine dissociative sedation in children. Ann Emerg Med. 2004;44:460\u201371.","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"320_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000000751","volume":"29","author":"UE Akbulut","year":"2017","unstructured":"Akbulut UE, Saylan S, Sengu B, Akcali GE, Erturk E, Cakir M. A comparison of sedation with midazolam-ketamine versus propofol-fentanyl during endoscopy in children: a randomized trial. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017;29:112\u20138.","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"320_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.2007.051318","volume":"24","author":"A Munro","year":"2007","unstructured":"Munro A, Machonochie I. Midazolam or ketamine for procedural sedation of children in the emergency department. Emerg Med J. 2007;24:579\u201380.","journal-title":"Emerg Med J"},{"key":"320_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-005-0821-8","volume":"13","author":"DK Cheuk","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cheuk DK, Wong WH, Ma E, et al. Use of midazolam and ketamine as sedation for children undergoing minor operative procedures. Support Care Cancer. 2005;13:1001\u20139.","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"key":"320_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2006.06.001","volume":"48","author":"MG Roback","year":"2006","unstructured":"Roback MG, Wathen JE, MacKenzie T, Bajaj L. A randomized, controlled trial of i.v. versus i.m. ketamine for sedation of pediatric patients receiving emergency department orthopedic procedures. Ann Emerg Med. 2006;48:605\u201312.","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"320_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-017-1299-3","volume":"130","author":"H Trimmel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Trimmel H, Helbok R, Staudinger T, et al. S(+)-ketamine: current trends in emergency and intensive care medicine. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2018;130:356\u201366.","journal-title":"Wien Klin Wochenschr"},{"key":"320_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2008.12.011","volume":"54","author":"SM Green","year":"2009","unstructured":"Green SM, Roback MG, Krauss B, et al. Predictors of airway and respiratory adverse events with ketamine sedation in the emergency department: an individual-patient data meta-analysis of 8,282 children. Ann Emerg Med. 2009;54:158\u201368.","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"320_CR8","unstructured":"Flores-Gonzalez JC, Lechuga Sancho AM, Saldana VM et al. Respiratory adverse events during upper digestive endoscopies in children under Ketamine sedation. Minerva Pediatr 2017 (Epub ahead of print)."},{"key":"320_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.3889\/oamjms.2016.085","volume":"4","author":"AE Eskander","year":"2016","unstructured":"Eskander AE, Baroudy NR, Refay AS. Ketamine sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopy in children. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2016;4:392\u20136.","journal-title":"Open Access Maced J Med Sci"},{"key":"320_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-200101000-00010","volume":"32","author":"SM Green","year":"2001","unstructured":"Green SM, Klooster M, Harris T, Lynch EL, Rothrock SG. Ketamine sedation for pediatric gastroenterology procedures. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2001;32:26\u201333.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"320_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.12788","volume":"69","author":"T Mihara","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mihara T, Uchimoto K, Morita S, Goto T. The efficacy of lidocaine to prevent laryngospasm in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Anaesthesia. 2014;69:1388\u201396.","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"320_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5049.63654","volume":"54","author":"C Sanikop","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sanikop C, Bhat S. Efficacy of intravenous lidocaine in prevention of post extubation laryngospasm in children undergoing cleft palate surgeries. Indian J Anaesth. 2010;54:132\u20136.","journal-title":"Indian J Anaesth."},{"key":"320_CR13","unstructured":"Doyle DJ, Garmon EH. American Society of Anesthesiologists Classification (ASA Class). StatPearls. (2018)."},{"key":"320_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1097\/PCC.0000000000000920","volume":"17","author":"JR Grunwell","year":"2016","unstructured":"Grunwell JR, Travers C, McCracken CE, et al. Procedural sedation outside of the operating room using ketamine in 22,645 children: a report from the pediatric sedation research consortium. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2016;17:1109\u201316.","journal-title":"Pediatr Crit Care Med"},{"key":"320_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2010.11.030","volume":"57","author":"SM Green","year":"2011","unstructured":"Green SM, Roback MG, Kennedy RM, Krauss B. Clinical practice guideline for emergency department ketamine dissociative sedation: 2011 update. Ann Emerg Med. 2011;57:449\u201361.","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"320_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68230-5","volume":"367","author":"B Krauss","year":"2006","unstructured":"Krauss B, Green SM. Procedural sedation and analgesia in children. Lancet. 2006;367:766\u201380.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"320_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aer407","volume":"108","author":"KP Mason","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mason KP, Green SM, Piacevoli Q. Adverse event reporting tool to standardize the reporting and tracking of adverse events during procedural sedation: a consensus document from the World SIVA International Sedation Task Force. Br J Anaesth. 2012;108:13\u201320.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"320_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(00)70102-8","volume":"35","author":"SM Green","year":"2000","unstructured":"Green SM, Kuppermann N, Rothrock SG, Hummel CB, Ho M. Predictors of adverse events with intramuscular ketamine sedation in children. Ann Emerg Med. 2000;35:35\u201342.","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"320_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1080\/08880010390203053","volume":"20","author":"S Meyer","year":"2003","unstructured":"Meyer S, Aliani S, Graf N, Reinhard H, Gottschling S. Sedation with midazolam and ketamine for invasive procedures in children with malignancies and hematological disorders: a prospective study with reference to the sympathomimetic properties of ketamine. Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2003;20:291\u2013301.","journal-title":"Pediatr Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"320_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200003303421306","volume":"342","author":"B Krauss","year":"2000","unstructured":"Krauss B, Green SM. Sedation and analgesia for procedures in children. N Engl J Med. 2000;342:938\u201345.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"320_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2009.07.030","volume":"55","author":"K Deitch","year":"2010","unstructured":"Deitch K, Miner J, Chudnofsky CR, Dominici P, Latta D. Does end tidal CO2 monitoring during emergency department procedural sedation and analgesia with propofol decrease the incidence of hypoxic events? A randomized, controlled trial. Ann Emerg Med. 2010;55:258\u201364.","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"320_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2007.12.001","volume":"52","author":"SM Green","year":"2008","unstructured":"Green SM, Krauss B. Supplemental oxygen during propofol sedation: yes or no? Ann Emerg Med. 2008;52:9\u201310.","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"320_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2009.08.019","volume":"55","author":"SM Green","year":"2010","unstructured":"Green SM, Pershad J. Should capnographic monitoring be standard practice during emergency department procedural sedation and analgesia? Pro and con. Ann Emerg Med. 2010;55:265\u20137.","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"320_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9592.2003.00927.x","volume":"13","author":"N Gulhas","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gulhas N, Durmus M, Demirbilek S, Togal T, Ozturk E, Ersoy MO. The use of magnesium to prevent laryngospasm after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy: a preliminary study. Paediatr Anaesth. 2003;13:43\u20137.","journal-title":"Paediatr Anaesth"},{"key":"320_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.12868","volume":"26","author":"MH Roberts","year":"2016","unstructured":"Roberts MH, Gildersleve CD. Lignocaine topicalization of the pediatric airway. Paediatr Anaesth. 2016;26:337\u201344.","journal-title":"Paediatr Anaesth"},{"key":"320_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2011.03772.x","volume":"22","author":"ND Hamilton","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hamilton ND, Hegarty M, Calder A, Erb TO, von Ungern-Sternberg BS. Does topical lidocaine before tracheal intubation attenuate airway responses in children? An observational audit. Paediatr Anaesth. 2012;22:345\u201350.","journal-title":"Paediatr Anaesth"},{"key":"320_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32308","DOI":"10.1038\/srep32308","volume":"6","author":"X Qi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Qi X, Lai Z, Li S, Liu X, Wang Z, Tan W. The efficacy of lidocaine in laryngospasm prevention in pediatric surgery: a network meta-analysis. Sci Rep. 2016;6:32308.","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"key":"320_CR28","first-page":"80","volume":"18","author":"A Basturk","year":"2017","unstructured":"Basturk A, Artan R, Yilmaz A. Efficacy and safety of midazolam and ketamine in paediatric upper endoscopy. Arab. J Gastroenterol. 2017;18:80\u20132.","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Drugs"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40272-018-0320-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40272-018-0320-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40272-018-0320-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,26]],"date-time":"2019-11-26T19:17:28Z","timestamp":1574795848000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40272-018-0320-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,27]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]}},"alternative-id":["320"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40272-018-0320-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1174-5878","1179-2019"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1174-5878"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1179-2019"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 November 2018","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with Ethical Standards"}},{"value":"JCFG, AEM, PRC, MSV, and AMLS have no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this article.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}},{"value":"No sources of funding were used to conduct this study or prepare this manuscript.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Funding"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the appropriate institutional review board (Research Committee of C\u00e1diz), and written informed consent was obtained from all subjects, a legal surrogate, or the parents or legal guardians for minor subjects.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval and informed consent"}}]}}