{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T14:00:42Z","timestamp":1788271242026,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,3]],"date-time":"2019-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554249600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PharmacoEconomics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40273-019-00793-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,4]],"date-time":"2019-04-04T03:19:01Z","timestamp":1554347941000},"page":"953-962","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The Cancer Drugs Fund in Practice and Under the New Framework"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Celia","family":"Sabry-Grant","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kinga","family":"Malottki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5700-6265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Diamantopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"793_CR1","unstructured":"International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organisation. Globocan 2018: United Kingdom Factsheet. 2018. http:\/\/gco.iarc.fr\/today\/data\/factsheets\/populations\/826-united-kingdom-fact-sheets.pdf . Accessed \u00a0 5 Dec 2018."},{"key":"793_CR2","unstructured":"Cancer Research UK. Cancer in the UK 2018. 2018. https:\/\/www.cancerresearchuk.org\/sites\/default\/files\/state_of_the_nation_apr_2018_v2_0.pdf . Accessed \u00a0 22 Aug 2018."},{"issue":"1","key":"793_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14663","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-32844-x","volume":"8","author":"JL Oke","year":"2018","unstructured":"Oke JL, O\u2019Sullivan JW, Perera R, Nicholson BD. The mapping of cancer incidence and mortality trends in the UK from 1980\u20132013 reveals a potential for overdiagnosis. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):14663.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"9760","key":"793_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)62231-3","volume":"377","author":"MP Coleman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Coleman MP, Forman D, Bryant H, Butler J, Rachet B, Maringe C, et al. Cancer survival in Australia, Canada, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and the UK, 1995\u20132007 (the International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership): An analysis of population-based cancer registry data. Lancet. 2011;377(9760):127\u201338.","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"793_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Davis C, Naci H, Gurpinar E, Poplavska E, Pinto A, Aggarwal A. Availability of evidence of benefits on overall survival and quality of life of cancer drugs approved by European Medicines Agency: retrospective cohort study of drug approvals 2009\u201313. BMJ. 2017;359.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j4530"},{"issue":"2","key":"793_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2016.7761","volume":"177","author":"T Rupp","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rupp T, Zuckerman D. Quality of life, overall survival, and costs of cancer drugs approved based on surrogate endpoints. JAMA Internal Med. 2017;177(2):276\u20137.","journal-title":"JAMA Internal Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"793_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e150","DOI":"10.3747\/co.20.1226","volume":"20","author":"PK Cheema","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cheema PK, Burkes RL. Overall survival should be the primary endpoint in clinical trials for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Curr Oncol (Toronto, Ont). 2013;20(2):e150\u201360.","journal-title":"Curr Oncol (Toronto, Ont)."},{"issue":"4","key":"793_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.01.034","volume":"168","author":"P Workman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Workman P, Draetta GF, Schellens JHM, Bernards R. How much longer will we put up with $100,000 cancer drugs? Cell. 2017;168(4):579\u201383.","journal-title":"Cell."},{"issue":"22","key":"793_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3900","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.28321","volume":"119","author":"DW Light","year":"2013","unstructured":"Light DW, Kantarjian H. Market spiral pricing of cancer drugs. Cancer. 2013;119(22):3900\u20132.","journal-title":"Cancer."},{"key":"793_CR10","unstructured":"House of Commons Committee of Public Accounts. Cancer drugs fund twentieth report of session 2015-16. 2016. https:\/\/publications.parliament.uk\/pa\/cm201516\/cmselect\/cmpubacc\/583\/583.pdf . Accessed 22 Aug 2018."},{"issue":"7","key":"793_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1007\/s40273-016-0403-2","volume":"34","author":"C McCabe","year":"2016","unstructured":"McCabe C, Paul A, Fell G, Paulden M. Cancer drugs fund 2.0: a missed opportunity? Pharmacoeconomics. 2016;34(7):629\u201333.","journal-title":"Pharmacoeconomics."},{"key":"793_CR12","unstructured":"NHS England. Consultation on proposals for a new cancer drugs fund (CDF) operating model from April 2016. 2015. https:\/\/www.engage.england.nhs.uk\/consultation\/cdf-consultation\/supporting_documents\/cdfconsultationdoc.pdf . Accessed 22 Aug 2018."},{"key":"793_CR13","unstructured":"NHS England. Appraisal and funding of cancer drugs from July 2016 (including the new Cancer Drugs Fund) - A new deal for patients, taxpayers and industry. 2016. https:\/\/www.england.nhs.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/04\/cdf-sop.pdf . Accessed 23 Aug 2018."},{"key":"793_CR14","unstructured":"The Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology. Value based assessment of drugs. 2015. http:\/\/researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk\/documents\/POST-PN-487\/POST-PN-487.pdf . Accessed 17 Dec 2018."},{"key":"793_CR15","unstructured":"National Audit Office: Investigation into the Cancer Drugs Fund. 2015. https:\/\/www.nao.org.uk\/report\/investigation-into-the-cancer-drugs-fund\/ . Accessed 22 Aug 2018."},{"key":"793_CR16","unstructured":"NHS England. National Cancer Drugs Fund List ver 1.81. 2018. https:\/\/www.england.nhs.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/national-cdf-list-v1.81.pdf . Accessed 10 May 2018."},{"key":"793_CR17","unstructured":"NICE. Guidance and advice list. 2018. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/published?type=ta . Accessed 10 May 2018."},{"key":"793_CR18","unstructured":"SMC. Medicines advice. 2018. https:\/\/www.scottishmedicines.org.uk\/medicines-advice\/ . Accessed 10 May 2018."},{"key":"793_CR19","unstructured":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. ClinicalTrials.gov database. 2018. https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/home . Accessed 29 Nov 2018."},{"key":"793_CR20","unstructured":"NICE. Single Technology Appraisal - Venetoclax for treating chronic lymphocytic leukaemia [ID944]. 2017. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ta487\/documents\/committee-papers . Accessed 4 June 2018."},{"key":"793_CR21","unstructured":"NICE. Final appraisal determination - Pembrolizumab for untreated PD-L1-positive metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer. 2017. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ta447\/documents\/final-appraisal-determination-document . Accessed 31 May 2018."},{"key":"793_CR22","unstructured":"NICE. Final Appraisal Determination - Ibrutinib for treating Waldenstrom\u2019s macroglobulinaemia. 2017. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ta491\/documents\/final-appraisal-determination-document . Accessed 23 May 2018."},{"key":"793_CR23","unstructured":"NICE. Final appraisal determination - Osimertinib for treating locally advanced or metastatic EGFR T790M mutation-positive non-small-cell lung cancer. 2016. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ta416\/documents\/final-appraisal-determination-document . Accessed 30 May 2018."},{"key":"793_CR24","unstructured":"NICE. Single Technology Appraisal - Avelumab for treating metastatic merkel cell carcinoma [ID1102]. 2017. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ta517\/documents\/committee-papers . Accessed 11 May 2018."},{"key":"793_CR25","unstructured":"NICE. Single Technology Appraisal - Ixazomib citrate for treating relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma [ID807]. 2017. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ta505\/documents\/committee-papers-2 . Accessed 24 May 2018."},{"key":"793_CR26","unstructured":"NICE. Single Technology Appraisal - Olaratumab in combination with doxorubicin for treating advanced soft tissue sarcoma. 2017. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ta465\/documents\/committee-papers-2 . Accessed 30 May 2018."},{"key":"793_CR27","unstructured":"NICE. Single Technology Appraisal - Osimertinib for treating metastatic EGFR and T790M mutation-positive non-small-cell lung cancer [ID874]. 2016. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ta416\/documents\/committee-papers . Accessed 30 May 2018."},{"key":"793_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grieve R, Abrams K, Claxton K, Goldacre B, James N, Nicholl J et al. Cancer Drugs Fund requires further reform: reliance on \u201creal world\u201d observational data undermines evidence base for clinical practice. BMJ. 2016;354(i5090).","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i5090"},{"issue":"4","key":"793_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1007\/s40258-018-0393-7","volume":"16","author":"R Dickson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dickson R, Boland A, Duarte R, Kotas E, Woolacott N, Hodgson R, et al. EMA and NICE appraisal processes for cancer drugs: current status and uncertainties. Appl Health Econ Health Pol. 2018;16(4):429\u201332.","journal-title":"Appl Health Econ Health Pol"},{"key":"793_CR30","unstructured":"NICE. Guide to the processes of technology appraisal. 2014. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/process\/pmg19\/resources\/guide-to-the-processes-of-technology-appraisal-pdf-72286663351237 . Accessed 5 Dec 2018."},{"key":"793_CR31","unstructured":"NICE. Appraising life-extending, end of life treatments. 2009. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/gid-tag387\/documents\/appraising-life-extending-end-of-life-treatments-paper2 . Accessed 30 Nov 2018."},{"key":"793_CR32","unstructured":"Orphanet. The portal for rare diseases and orphan drugs. https:\/\/www.orpha.net\/consor\/cgi-bin\/index.php?lng=EN . Accessed 10 Dec 2018."},{"key":"793_CR33","unstructured":"SMC. Process for end of life and very rare conditions (orphan and ultra-orphan medicines). 2016. https:\/\/www.scottishmedicines.org.uk\/media\/2782\/pace-overview-document.pdf . Accessed 5 Mar 2018."},{"key":"793_CR34","volume-title":"Guide to the methods of technology appraisal 2013","author":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence","year":"2013","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Guide to the methods of technology appraisal 2013. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence; 2013."},{"key":"793_CR35","unstructured":"NICE. Single Technology Appraisal - Nivolumab for previously treated locally advanced or metastatic nonsquamous non-small-cell lung cancer [ID900]. 2017. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ta484\/documents\/committee-papers-6 . Accessed 25 May 2018."},{"key":"793_CR36","unstructured":"NICE. Single Technology Appraisal - Nivolumab for previously treated locally advanced or metastatic squamous non-small-cell lung cancer. 2015. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ta483\/documents\/committee-papers . Accessed 25 June 2018."},{"key":"793_CR37","unstructured":"NICE. Single Technology Appraisal - Pembrolizumab for untreated PD-L1 positive metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer [ID990]. 2018. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ta447\/documents\/committee-papers . Accessed 31 May 2018."},{"key":"793_CR38","unstructured":"NICE. Single Technology Appraisal - Atezolizumab for treating metastatic urothelial bladder cancer after platinum based chemotherapy [ID939]. 2017. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ta525\/documents\/committee-papers . Accessed 17 May 2018."},{"key":"793_CR39","unstructured":"NICE. Single Technology Appraisal - Pembrolizumab for previously treated advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer. 2017. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ta519\/documents\/committee-papers . Accessed 31 May 2018."},{"key":"793_CR40","unstructured":"NICE. Single Technology Appraisal - Pembrolizumab for locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer where cisplatin is unsuitable [ID1209]. 2018. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ta522\/documents\/committee-papers . Accessed 1 June 2018."},{"key":"793_CR41","unstructured":"NICE. Single Technology Appraisal - Daratumumab monotherapy for treating relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma [ID933]. 2018. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ta510\/documents\/committee-papers . Accessed 22 May 2018."},{"key":"793_CR42","unstructured":"NICE. Single Technology Appraisal - Brentuximab vedotin for treating CD30-positive Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma. 2018. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ta446\/documents\/committee-papers . Accessed 18 May 2018."},{"key":"793_CR43","unstructured":"NICE. Single Technology Appraisal - Ibrutinib for treating Waldenstrom\u2019s macroglobulinaemia [ID884]. 2017. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ta491\/documents\/committee-papers-4 . Accessed 23 May 2018."},{"key":"793_CR44","unstructured":"NICE. Single Technology Appraisal - Nivolumab for treating recurrent or metastatic squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck after platinum-based chemotherapy. 2017. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ta490\/documents\/committee-papers-2 . Accessed 29 May 2018."},{"key":"793_CR45","unstructured":"NICE. Single Technology Appraisal - Obinutuzumab for untreated advanced follicular lymphoma [ID1020]. 2018. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ta513\/documents\/committee-papers-2 . Accessed 29 May 2018."}],"container-title":["PharmacoEconomics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40273-019-00793-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40273-019-00793-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40273-019-00793-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,15]],"date-time":"2022-09-15T05:36:36Z","timestamp":1663220196000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40273-019-00793-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,3]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]}},"alternative-id":["793"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40273-019-00793-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1170-7690","1179-2027"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1170-7690","type":"print"},{"value":"1179-2027","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 April 2019","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with Ethical Standards"}},{"value":"No sources of funding were used to conduct this study or prepare this manuscript.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Funding"}},{"value":"C. Sabry-Grant, K. Malottki and A. Diamantopoulos have no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this article.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}},{"value":"The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Data Availability"}}]}}