{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T19:26:27Z","timestamp":1774380387458,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]],"date-time":"2024-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730678400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]],"date-time":"2024-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730678400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008322","name":"CSL Behring","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PharmacoEconomics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40273-024-01440-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]],"date-time":"2024-11-04T18:02:42Z","timestamp":1730743362000},"page":"177-189","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Recurrence of Cardiovascular Events After an Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Multivessel Disease and Associated Healthcare Costs: A German Claims Data Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Starry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nils","family":"Picker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Galduf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulf","family":"Maywald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Axel","family":"Dittmar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan G.","family":"Spitzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"1440_CR1","unstructured":"B. d. J. u. f. Verbraucherschutz, Zehntes Buch Sozialgesetzbuch - Sozialverwaltungsverfahren und Sozialdatenschutz - (SGB X) \u00a7 75 \u00dcbermittlung von Sozialdaten f\u00fcr die Forschung und Planung. 2019."},{"issue":"25","key":"1440_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.11.010","volume":"76","author":"GA Roth","year":"2020","unstructured":"Roth GA, et al. Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990\u20132019: Update From the GBD 2019 Study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020;76(25):2982\u20133021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.11.010. (in eng).","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"1440_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e153","DOI":"10.1161\/cir.0000000000001052","volume":"145","author":"CW Tsao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tsao CW, et al. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2022 Update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2022;145(8):e153\u2013639. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/cir.0000000000001052. (in eng).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1440_CR4","unstructured":"E. S. o. Cardiology. ESC Cardiovascular Realities in Europe,\" [Online]. Available: https:\/\/www.escardio.org\/static-file\/Escardio\/Advocacy\/Documents\/atlas\/ESC_graphics_n_cardiologists-compressed.pdf."},{"issue":"6","key":"1440_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.112.124248","volume":"127","author":"P Kohli","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kohli P, et al. Reduction in first and recurrent cardiovascular events with ticagrelor compared with clopidogrel in the PLATO Study. Circulation. 2013;127(6):673\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/circulationaha.112.124248. (in eng).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1440_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.11.016","volume":"67","author":"MJRS Wright","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wright MJRS. PROVE-IT to IMPROVE-IT why LDL-C goals still matter in Post-ACS patients. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;67:362\u20134.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"25","key":"1440_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2387","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1410489","volume":"372","author":"CP Cannon","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cannon CP, et al. Ezetimibe added to statin therapy after acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med. 2015;372(25):2387\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1410489. (in eng).","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"1440_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2208275","volume":"387","author":"JM Castellano","year":"2022","unstructured":"Castellano JM, et al. Polypill strategy in secondary cardiovascular prevention. N Engl J Med. 2022;387(11):967\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2208275. (in eng).","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1440_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.10.052","volume":"231","author":"CM Gibson","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gibson CM, et al. Rationale and design of ApoA-I Event Reducing in Ischemic Syndromes II (AEGIS-II): A phase 3, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study to investigate the efficacy and safety of CSL112 in subjects after acute myocardial infarction. Am Heart J. 2021;231:121\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.10.052. (in eng).","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"1440_CR10","unstructured":"WHO. Cardiovascular diseases. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/cardiovascular-diseases-(cvds). Accessed 11 May 2020."},{"key":"1440_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2147\/iprp.S133088","volume":"8","author":"K Mc Namara","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mc Namara K, Alzubaidi H, Jackson JK. Cardiovascular disease as a leading cause of death: how are pharmacists getting involved? Integr Pharm Res Pract. 2019;8:1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/iprp.S133088. (in eng).","journal-title":"Integr Pharm Res Pract"},{"issue":"8","key":"1440_CR12","first-page":"927","volume":"5","author":"M Rafieian-Kopaei","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rafieian-Kopaei M, Setorki M, Doudi M, Baradaran A, Nasri H. Atherosclerosis: process, indicators, risk factors and new hopes. Int J Prev Med. 2014;5(8):927\u201346 (in eng).","journal-title":"Int J Prev Med"},{"issue":"6801","key":"1440_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1038\/35025203","volume":"407","author":"AJ Lusis","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lusis AJ. Atherosclerosis. Nature. 2000;407(6801):233\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/35025203. (in eng).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"4","key":"1440_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.5114\/aoms.2016.60964","volume":"12","author":"J Veselka","year":"2016","unstructured":"Veselka J, et al. Impact of coexisting multivessel coronary artery disease on short-term outcomes and long-term survival of patients treated with carotid stenting. Arch Med Sci. 2016;12(4):760\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5114\/aoms.2016.60964. (in eng).","journal-title":"Arch Med Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"1440_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx393","volume":"39","author":"B Ibanez","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ibanez B, et al. 2017 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation: The Task Force for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2018;39(2):119\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx393. (in eng).","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"1440_CR16","unstructured":"E. S. o. Cardiology. ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation. Available: https:\/\/leitlinienarchiv.dgk.org\/2021\/pocket-leitlinie-akutes-koronarsyndrom-ohne-st-strecken-hebung-nste-acs-version-2020\/."},{"issue":"5","key":"1440_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2020.02.004","volume":"359","author":"KG Bishu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bishu KG, et al. Estimating the economic burden of acute myocardial infarction in the US: 12 Year National Data. Am J Med Sci. 2020;359(5):257\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjms.2020.02.004. (in eng).","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"1440_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1080\/13696998.2022.2141964","volume":"25","author":"E Sidelnikov","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sidelnikov E, et al. Healthcare resource utilization and costs of cardiovascular events in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in Germany - results of a claims database study. J Med Econ. 2022;25(1):1199\u2013206. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13696998.2022.2141964. (in eng).","journal-title":"J Med Econ"},{"issue":"1","key":"1440_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/s13561-015-0063-5","volume":"5","author":"T Schmid","year":"2015","unstructured":"Schmid T. Costs of treating cardiovascular events in Germany: a systematic literature review. Health Econ Rev. 2015;5(1):27. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13561-015-0063-5. (in eng).","journal-title":"Health Econ Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"1440_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-021-01440-5","volume":"21","author":"E Bosco","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bosco E, Hsueh L, McConeghy KW, Gravenstein S, Saade E. Major adverse cardiovascular event definitions used in observational analysis of administrative databases: a systematic review. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2021;21(1):241. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12874-021-01440-5.","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1440_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2018.12.10","volume":"7","author":"Z Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang Z, Kim HJ, Lonjon G, Zhu Y. Balance diagnostics after propensity score matching. Ann Transl Med. 2019;7(1):16. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/atm.2018.12.10. (in eng).","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"issue":"25","key":"1440_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3083","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3697","volume":"28","author":"PC Austin","year":"2009","unstructured":"Austin PC. Balance diagnostics for comparing the distribution of baseline covariates between treatment groups in propensity-score matched samples. Stat Med. 2009;28(25):3083\u2013107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/sim.3697. (in eng).","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"1440_CR23","unstructured":"R: A Language and environment for statistical computing. (2020). R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria"},{"issue":"7","key":"1440_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1177\/2048872615624240","volume":"6","author":"S de Waha","year":"2017","unstructured":"de Waha S, et al. Impact of multivessel coronary artery disease on reperfusion success in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a substudy of the AIDA STEMI trial. Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care. 2017;6(7):592\u2013600. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2048872615624240. (in eng).","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"1440_CR25","first-page":"66","volume":"5","author":"L Savic","year":"2019","unstructured":"Savic L, Mrdovic I, Asanin M, Stankovic S, Krljanac G, Lasica R. Impact of multivessel coronary artery disease on long term prognosis in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. J Cardiovasc Emerg. 2019;5(2):66\u201371.","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Emerg"},{"issue":"8","key":"1440_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehi138","volume":"26","author":"S Silber","year":"2005","unstructured":"Silber S, et al. Guidelines for percutaneous coronary intervention. The Task Force for Percutaneous Coronary Interventions of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J. 2005;26(8):804\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehi138. (in eng).","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"15","key":"1440_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.121.024818","volume":"11","author":"GA Figtree","year":"2022","unstructured":"Figtree GA, et al. Mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in patients presenting with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction despite no standard modifiable risk factors: results from the SWEDEHEART Registry. J Am Heart Assoc. 2022;11(15): e024818. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/jaha.121.024818. (in eng).","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"2","key":"1440_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.2161","volume":"3","author":"J Wei","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wei J, et al. Comparison of cardiovascular events among users of different classes of antihypertension medications: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(2): e1921618. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.2161. (in eng).","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"10","key":"1440_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehi705","volume":"27","author":"GH Gislason","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gislason GH, et al. Long-term compliance with beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, and statins after acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J. 2006;27(10):1153\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehi705. (in eng).","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"1440_CR30","unstructured":"Zeymer UG, Franz B, Stephan T, Holger Z, Andreas W, Karl. Sekund\u00e4rpr\u00e4vention nach akutem Herzinfarkt: Ma\u00dfnahmen zur St\u00e4rkung der Leitlinien-Adh\u00e4renz notwendig. Dtsch Arztebl. 2023; vol. 120, 44, 2023. [Online]. https:\/\/www.aerzteblatt.de\/archiv\/235125\/Sekundaerpraevention-nach-akutem-Herzinfarkt-Massnahmen-zur-Staerkung-der-Leitlinien-Adhaerenz-notwendig."},{"issue":"7","key":"1440_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-028223","volume":"9","author":"I Langner","year":"2019","unstructured":"Langner I, Ohlmeier C, Zeeb H, Haug U, Riedel O. Individual mortality information in the German Pharmacoepidemiological Research Database (GePaRD): a validation study using a record linkage with a large cancer registry. BMJ Open. 2019;9(7): e028223. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-028223. (in eng).","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"10","key":"1440_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e162","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1565072","volume":"78","author":"J Hartmann","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hartmann J, Weidmann C, Biehle R. Validierung von GKV-Routinedaten am Beispiel von geschlechtsspezifischen Diagnosen. Gesundheitswesen. 2016;78(10):e162\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0035-1565072. (in De).","journal-title":"Gesundheitswesen"},{"issue":"5","key":"1440_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1097\/sla.0000000000001797","volume":"265","author":"G Lonjon","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lonjon G, Porcher R, Ergina P, Fouet M, Boutron I. Potential pitfalls of reporting and bias in observational studies with propensity score analysis assessing a surgical procedure: a methodological systematic review. Ann Surg. 2017;265(5):901\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/sla.0000000000001797.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"1440_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao Q.Y, Luo J.C, Su Y, Zhang Y-J, Tu GW, Luo Z. Propensity score matching with R: conventional methods and new features. Ann Transl Med. 2021; 9(9): 812. [Online]. Available: https:\/\/atm.amegroups.org\/article\/view\/61857.","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-20-3998"}],"container-title":["PharmacoEconomics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40273-024-01440-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40273-024-01440-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40273-024-01440-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T17:15:58Z","timestamp":1738257358000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40273-024-01440-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]}},"alternative-id":["1440"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40273-024-01440-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1170-7690","1179-2027"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1170-7690","type":"print"},{"value":"1179-2027","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 September 2024","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 November 2024","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was funded by CSL Behring, 1020 First Ave, King of Prussia, PA, USA.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Funding"}},{"value":"The following are the conflicts of interest for each respective author: Alexandra Starry and Nils Picker participated in this study as staff members of Cytel; the work of Cytel in this study was financed by CSL Behring, 1020 First Ave, King of Prussia, PA, USA. Axel Dittmar has no other conflicts of interest to declare than the ones related to the affiliation. Ulf Maywald has no other conflicts of interest to declare than the ones related to the affiliation. Stefan G. Spitzer received honoraria for lectures from Medtronic, Abbott, Daiichi Sankyo, Edwards, AstraZeneca, Bayer Vital, Bristol Myer Squibb\/Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Biotronik, and Amgen; received honoraria for advisory board activities from Ingress health; and participated in clinical trials with Abbott, Medtronic, and Ablacon. Jonathan Galduf is an employee of CSL Behring.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}},{"value":"The primary data source for this study was claims data obtained from AOK PLUS. Due to privacy, contractual obligations, and local data protection laws, both the raw claims data and anonymized derived datasets cannot be publicly shared. However, we are committed to data transparency and have taken steps to ensure the reproducibility of our findings by providing detailed methodology, including statistical models and analytical techniques within the text and supplemental material.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Availability of Data and Material"}},{"value":"This study used the data under the formal agreement and legal basis of \u00a775, Tenth Book of the Social Code and in accordance with the World Medical Association's Declaration of Helsinki []. Therefore, informed consent and ethics approval from an institutional review board were not required for this retrospective study because the secondary dataset was anonymized, non-identifiable, and non-interventional, ensuring participant privacy and upholding the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}},{"value":"The code is generally considered proprietary and may not be publicly shared. However, upon request, Cytel may be able to provide access to specific components of the code.","order":8,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Code Availability"}},{"value":"A.S. and S.S. designed the study and protocol, and U.M. provided constructive feedback and comments from a technical perspective. A.S. and A.D. conducted the data analysis. N.P. provided scientific support on the methodology. All other authors assisted in interpreting the findings. A.S. took the lead in writing the manuscript, with the guidance of N.P. All authors provided critical feedback and helped shape the research, analysis, and manuscript.","order":9,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Author Contributions"}}]}}