{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T13:05:20Z","timestamp":1792501520559,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]],"date-time":"2025-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738627200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]],"date-time":"2025-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738627200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006393","name":"Universidad de Granada","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006393","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sports Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Supersets are a time-efficient resistance training (RT) method that involve the sequencing of two exercises with little or no rest between them. However, despite their common implementation during RT, a comprehensive and quantitative review is still lacking.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The primary aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare the acute and chronic effects of superset and traditional set prescriptions on mechanical, metabolic, and perceptual variables. We also aimed to conduct subgroup analyses to determine the effect of different types of supersets (agonist\u2013antagonist, similar biomechanical, and alternate peripheral supersets).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and EBSCO databases from inception to 10 February 2024. Studies written in English and meeting our inclusion criteria were included. Pooled meta-analysis and subgroup meta-analysis were performed using a random-effects model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Nineteen studies involving 313 participants were included. Although there was considerable variance in certain outcomes, our estimated effects suggested that, compared with traditional set prescription, supersets allow for (1) a similar total number of repetitions [standardized mean differences (SMD)\u2009=\u2009\u2009\u2212\u20090.03;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.92] and volume load (SMD\u2009=\u20090.05;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.86) with a shorter session duration and increased training efficiency (SMD\u2009=\u20091.74;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.01); (2) higher blood lactate concentration during (SMD\u2009=\u20090.94;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03) and after (SMD\u2009=\u20091.13;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01) RT; (3) higher energy cost during RT (SMD\u2009=\u20091.93;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.04); (4) similar creatine kinase concentration after RT (SMD = 0.22;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.36), surface electromyography (SMD = 0.01;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.98), acute muscle swelling (SMD = \u2212\u20090.28;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.36) and blood pressure (systolic blood pressure [SMD = 0.08;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.71], diastolic blood pressure [SMD = \u2212\u20090.05;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.85], and mean arterial pressure [SMD = \u2212\u20090.03;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.88]); (5) higher rating of perceived exertion (SMD\u2009=\u20090.77;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.02) and similar perceived recovery (SMD\u2009=\u20090.32;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.33); and (6) similar chronic adaptations in maximal strength (SMD\u2009=\u20090.10;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.36), strength endurance (SMD\u2009=\u20090.07;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.81), and muscle hypertrophy (SMD\u2009=\u2009\u2009\u2212\u20090.05;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.87). The subgroup analysis revealed that utilizing agonist\u2013antagonist supersets leads to a significant increase in the number of repetitions that are able to be completed compared with traditional sets (SMD\u2009=\u20090.68;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.01). Similar biomechanical supersets led to less volume load (SMD\u2009=\u2009\u2009\u2212\u20091.08;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01) compared with traditional sets.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Supersets provide a time-efficient alternative to traditional RT, reducing session duration without compromising training volume, muscle activation, perceived recovery, or chronic adaptations in maximal strength, strength endurance, and muscle hypertrophy. Thus, supersets can be effectively implemented by athletes with busy schedules and RT enthusiasts whose main barrier to exercise is time. However, it should be noted that supersets generally induce higher internal loads, more severe muscle damage, and increased perceived exertion, potentially necessitating extended recovery times between sessions. Additionally, superset RT may have a similar potential to traditional RT in eliciting post-exercise hypotension. Regarding different types of supersets, agonist\u2013antagonist supersets are more suitable for maintaining training volume, while similar biomechanical supersets concentrate stimulation on the same muscle group, compromising volume load.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Protocol Registration<\/jats:bold>\n                      : The original protocol for this review was prospectively registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) in December 2023 (CRD42023491533).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-025-02176-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]],"date-time":"2025-02-04T08:17:23Z","timestamp":1738657043000},"page":"953-975","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Superset Versus Traditional Resistance Training Prescriptions: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Exploring Acute and Chronic Effects on Mechanical, Metabolic, and Perceptual Variables"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Xing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathon","family":"Weakley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hansen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaoqian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0608-8755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amador","family":"Garc\u00eda-Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2176_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651112","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2021.651112","volume":"12","author":"X Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang X, Li H, Bi S, Luo Y, Cao Y, Zhang G. Auto-regulation method vs. fixed-loading method in maximum strength training for athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Physiol. 2021;12:651112.","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2176_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3508","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000002200","volume":"31","author":"BJ Schoenfeld","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schoenfeld BJ, Grgic J, Ogborn D, Krieger JW. Strength and hypertrophy adaptations between low-vs. high-load resistance training: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Strength Cond Res. 2017;31(12):3508\u201323.","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"2176_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.4.4.461","volume":"4","author":"JM Kraska","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kraska JM, Ramsey MW, Haff GG, Fethke N, Sands WA, Stone ME, et al. Relationship between strength characteristics and unweighted and weighted vertical jump height. Int J Sports physiol perform. 2009;4(4):461\u201373.","journal-title":"Int J Sports physiol perform"},{"issue":"3","key":"2176_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2002.002071","volume":"38","author":"U Wisl\u00f8ff","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wisl\u00f8ff U, Castagna C, Helgerud J, Jones R, Hoff J. Strong correlation of maximal squat strength with sprint performance and vertical jump height in elite soccer players. Br J Sports Med. 2004;38(3):285\u20138.","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"2176_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1693","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-014-0227-1","volume":"44","author":"LB Seitz","year":"2014","unstructured":"Seitz LB, Reyes A, Tran TT, de Villarreal ES, Haff GG. Increases in lower-body strength transfer positively to sprint performance: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Sports Med. 2014;44(12):1693\u2013702.","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"2176_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2205","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000000876","volume":"29","author":"T Spiteri","year":"2015","unstructured":"Spiteri T, Newton RU, Binetti M, Hart NH, Sheppard JM, Nimphius S. Mechanical determinants of faster change of direction and agility performance in female basketball athletes. J Strength Cond Res. 2015;29(8):2205\u201314.","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2176_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-198603010-00006","volume":"3","author":"SJ Fleck","year":"1986","unstructured":"Fleck SJ, Falkel JE. Value of resistance training for the reduction of sports injuries. Sports Med. 1986;3(1):61\u20138.","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2176_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1249\/JSR.0b013e31825dabb8","volume":"11","author":"WL Westcott","year":"2012","unstructured":"Westcott WL. Resistance training is medicine: effects of strength training on health. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2012;11(4):209\u201316.","journal-title":"Curr Sports Med Rep"},{"issue":"10","key":"2176_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S165","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2020-0245","volume":"45","author":"R El-Kotob","year":"2020","unstructured":"El-Kotob R, Ponzano M, Chaput J-P, Janssen I, Kho ME, Poitras VJ, et al. Resistance training and health in adults: an overview of systematic reviews. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2020;45(10):S165\u201379.","journal-title":"Appl Physiol Nutr Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"2176_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15171\/hpp.2019.01","volume":"9","author":"PD Hart","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hart PD, Buck DJ. The effect of resistance training on health-related quality of life in older adults: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Health Promotion Perspectives. 2019;9(1):1.","journal-title":"Health Promotion Perspectives"},{"issue":"4","key":"2176_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2016-0386","volume":"42","author":"GS Goldfield","year":"2017","unstructured":"Goldfield GS, Kenny GP, Alberga AS, Tulloch HE, Doucette S, Cameron JD, et al. Effects of aerobic or resistance training or both on health-related quality of life in youth with obesity: the HEARTY Trial. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2017;42(4):361\u201370.","journal-title":"Appl Physiol Nutr Metab"},{"issue":"9","key":"2176_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5142","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19095142","volume":"19","author":"X Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang X, Feng S, Peng R, Li H. Using structural equation modeling to examine pathways between physical activity and sleep quality among Chinese TikTok users. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(9):5142.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"2176_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2095-8254","volume":"44","author":"X Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang X, Li H, Feng S, Su S. The effect of various training variables on developing muscle strength in velocity-based training: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Sports Med. 2023;44(12):857\u201364.","journal-title":"Int J Sports Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"2176_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-022-01754-4","volume":"53","author":"I Jukic","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jukic I, Castilla AP, Ramos AG, Van Hooren B, McGuigan MR, Helms ER. The acute and chronic effects of implementing velocity loss thresholds during resistance training: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and critical evaluation of the literature. Sports Med. 2023;53(1):177\u2013214.","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"2176_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-020-01423-4","volume":"51","author":"I Jukic","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jukic I, Van Hooren B, Ramos AG, Helms ER, McGuigan MR, Tufano JJ. The effects of set structure manipulation on chronic adaptations to resistance training: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Med. 2021;51:1061\u201386.","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"2176_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2209","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-020-01344-2","volume":"50","author":"I Jukic","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jukic I, Ramos AG, Helms ER, McGuigan MR, Tufano JJ. Acute effects of cluster and rest redistribution set structures on mechanical, metabolic, and perceptual fatigue during and after resistance training: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Med. 2020;50:2209\u201336.","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2176_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000002742","volume":"35","author":"JJ Weakley","year":"2021","unstructured":"Weakley JJ, Till K, Read DB, Leduc C, Roe GA, Phibbs PJ, et al. Jump training in rugby union players: barbell or hexagonal bar? J Strength Cond Res. 2021;35(3):754\u201361.","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"2176_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e318220df79","volume":"26","author":"CJ MacDonald","year":"2012","unstructured":"MacDonald CJ, Lamont HS, Garner JC. A comparison of the effects of 6 weeks of traditional resistance training, plyometric training, and complex training on measures of strength and anthropometrics. J Strength Cond Res. 2012;26(2):422\u201331.","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"2176_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000001574","volume":"31","author":"M Rivi\u00e8re","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rivi\u00e8re M, Louit L, Strokosch A, Seitz LB. Variable resistance training promotes greater strength and power adaptations than traditional resistance training in elite youth rugby league players. J Strength Cond Res. 2017;31(4):947\u201355.","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"2176_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2014-0498","volume":"40","author":"DG Candow","year":"2015","unstructured":"Candow DG, Vogt E, Johannsmeyer S, Forbes SC, Farthing JP. Strategic creatine supplementation and resistance training in healthy older adults. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2015;40(7):689\u201394.","journal-title":"Appl Physiol Nutr Metab"},{"issue":"10","key":"2176_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2079","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-021-01490-1","volume":"51","author":"VM Iversen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Iversen VM, Norum M, Schoenfeld BJ, Fimland MS. No time to lift? Designing time-efficient training programs for strength and hypertrophy: a narrative review. Sports Med. 2021;51(10):2079\u201395.","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2176_CR22","first-page":"561","volume":"15","author":"JBB De Camargo","year":"2022","unstructured":"De Camargo JBB, Zaroni RS, J\u00fanior ACT, De Oliveira TP, Trindade TB, Lopes CR, et al. Tri-set training system induces a high muscle swelling with short time commitment in resistance-trained subjects: a cross-over study. Int J Exerc Sci. 2022;15(3):561\u20139.","journal-title":"Int J Exerc Sci"},{"key":"2176_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.912368","volume":"13","author":"V Andersen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Andersen V, Fimland MS, Iversen VM, Pedersen H, Balberg K, Gasvaer M, et al. A comparison of affective responses between time efficient and traditional resistance training. Front Psychol. 2022;13:912368.","journal-title":"Front Psychol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2176_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.70252\/ZRMT3507","volume":"11","author":"KS Hurley","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hurley KS, Flippin KJ, Blom LC, Bolin JE, Hoover DL, Judge LW. Practices, perceived benefits, and barriers to resistance training among women enrolled in college. Int J Exerc Sci. 2018;11(5):226.","journal-title":"Int J Exerc Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"2176_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.3390\/sports5030047","volume":"5","author":"E Hoare","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hoare E, Stavreski B, Jennings GL, Kingwell BA. Exploring motivation and barriers to physical activity among active and inactive Australian adults. Sports. 2017;5(3):47.","journal-title":"Sports"},{"key":"2176_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1007\/s11205-010-9585-8","volume":"99","author":"J Spinney","year":"2010","unstructured":"Spinney J, Millward H. Time and money: a new look at poverty and the barriers to physical activity in Canada. Soc Indic Res. 2010;99:341\u201356.","journal-title":"Soc Indic Res"},{"key":"2176_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang X, Feng S, Li H. The effect of velocity loss on strength development and related training efficiency: a dose\u2013response meta\u2013analysis. Healthcare; 2023: MDPI; 2023. p. 337.","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare11030337"},{"issue":"9","key":"2176_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-017-3680-3","volume":"117","author":"J Weakley","year":"2017","unstructured":"Weakley J, Till K, Read D, Roe G, Darrall-Jones J, Phibbs P, et al. The effects of traditional, superset, and tri-set resistance training structures on perceived intensity and physiological responses. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2017;117(9):1877\u201389.","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2176_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.3390\/sports10070110","volume":"10","author":"GP Garcia-Orea","year":"2022","unstructured":"Garcia-Orea GP, Rodriguez-Rosell D, Segarra-Carrillo D, Da Silva-Grigoletto ME, Belando-Pedreno N. Acute effect of upper-lower body super-set vs. traditional-set configurations on bar execution velocity and volume. Sports. 2022;10(7):110.","journal-title":"Sports"},{"issue":"5","key":"2176_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.23736\/S0022-4707.20.10490-0","volume":"60","author":"WR Belo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Belo WR, Ovretveit K, de Salles BF, dos Santos LG, Ribeiro FM, Dias IB, et al. The effects of straight and alternating sets on volume load, training efficiency, and metabolic response in grapplers. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2020;60(5):713\u20139.","journal-title":"J Sports Med Phys Fitness"},{"issue":"1","key":"2176_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000002179","volume":"34","author":"JJS Weakley","year":"2020","unstructured":"Weakley JJS, Till K, Read DB, Phibbs PJ, Roe G, Darrall-Jones J, et al. The effects of superset configuration on kinetic, kinematic, and perceived exertion in the barbell bench press. J Strength Cond Res. 2020;34(1):65\u201372.","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"key":"2176_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14636","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.14636","volume":"11","author":"GP Garcia-Orea","year":"2023","unstructured":"Garcia-Orea GP, Rodriguez-Rosell D, Ballester-Sanchez A, Da Silva-Grigoletto ME, Belando-Pedreno N. Upper-lower body super-sets vs. traditional sets for inducing chronic athletic performance improvements. PeerJ. 2023;11:e14636.","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"2176_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.3390\/sports7010014","volume":"7","author":"W Wallace","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wallace W, Ugrinowitsch C, Stefan M, Rauch J, Barakat C, Shields K, et al. Repeated bouts of advanced strength training techniques: effects on volume load, metabolic responses, and muscle activation in trained individuals. Sports. 2019;7(1):14.","journal-title":"Sports"},{"key":"2176_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2021.105906","volume":"88","author":"MJ Page","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. Int J Surg. 2021;88: 105906.","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"issue":"41","key":"2176_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3310\/hta7410","volume":"7","author":"D Moher","year":"2003","unstructured":"Moher D, Pham B, Lawson M, Klassen T. The inclusion of reports of randomised trials published in languages other than English in systematic reviews. Health Technol Assess. 2003;7(41):1\u201390.","journal-title":"Health Technol Assess"},{"issue":"2","key":"2176_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1017\/S0266462312000086","volume":"28","author":"A Morrison","year":"2012","unstructured":"Morrison A, Polisena J, Husereau D, Moulton K, Clark M, Fiander M, et al. The effect of English-language restriction on systematic review-based meta-analyses: a systematic review of empirical studies. Int J Technol Assess Health Care. 2012;28(2):138\u201344.","journal-title":"Int J Technol Assess Health Care"},{"key":"2176_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d5928","volume":"343","author":"JP Higgins","year":"2011","unstructured":"Higgins JP, Altman DG, G\u00f8tzsche PC, J\u00fcni P, Moher D, Oxman AD, et al. The Cochrane Collaboration\u2019s tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ. 2011;343:d5928.","journal-title":"BMJ."},{"key":"2176_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-019-01087-9","volume":"49","author":"JR Miller","year":"2019","unstructured":"Miller JR, Van Hooren B, Bishop C, Buckley JD, Willy RW, Fuller JT. A systematic review and meta-analysis of crossover studies comparing physiological, perceptual and performance measures between treadmill and overground running. Sports Med. 2019;49:763\u201382.","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"2176_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-019-01237-z","volume":"50","author":"B Van Hooren","year":"2020","unstructured":"Van Hooren B, Fuller JT, Buckley JD, Miller JR, Sewell K, Rao G, et al. Is motorized treadmill running biomechanically comparable to overground running? A systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-over studies. Sports Med. 2020;50:785\u2013813.","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"2176_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-017-0676-4","volume":"47","author":"TB Davies","year":"2017","unstructured":"Davies TB, Kuang K, Orr R, Halaki M, Hackett D. Effect of movement velocity during resistance training on dynamic muscular strength: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Med. 2017;47:1603\u201317.","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"2176_CR41","first-page":"221","volume":"2","author":"M Borenstein","year":"2009","unstructured":"Borenstein M, Cooper H, Hedges L, Valentine J. Effect sizes for continuous data. The handbook of research synthesis and meta-analysis. 2009;2:221\u201335.","journal-title":"The handbook of research synthesis and meta-analysis"},{"key":"2176_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119536604","volume-title":"Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions","author":"JP Higgins","year":"2019","unstructured":"Higgins JP, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, et al. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions. Wiley; 2019."},{"issue":"1","key":"2176_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/31.1.140","volume":"31","author":"DR Elbourne","year":"2002","unstructured":"Elbourne DR, Altman DG, Higgins JP, Curtin F, Worthington HV, Vail A. Meta-analyses involving cross-over trials: methodological issues. Int J Epidemiol. 2002;31(1):140\u20139.","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"7414","key":"2176_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557","volume":"327","author":"JP Higgins","year":"2003","unstructured":"Higgins JP, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, Altman DG. Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ. 2003;327(7414):557\u201360.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"2176_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16144","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-95565-8","volume":"11","author":"S Lopez-Leon","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lopez-Leon S, Wegman-Ostrosky T, Perelman C, Sepulveda R, Rebolledo PA, Cuapio A, et al. More than 50 long-term effects of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):16144.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2176_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1007\/s42978-020-00092-z","volume":"3","author":"J Fink","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fink J, Schoenfeld BJ, Sakamaki-Sunaga M, Nakazato K. Physiological responses to agonist\u2013antagonist superset resistance training. J Sci Sport Exerc. 2021;3:355\u201363.","journal-title":"J Sci Sport Exerc"},{"key":"2176_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1007\/s42978-019-00030-8","volume":"1","author":"JJ Merrigan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Merrigan JJ, Jones MT, White JB. A Comparison of compound set and traditional set resistance training in women: changes in muscle strength, endurance, quantity, and architecture. J Sci Sport Exerc. 2019;1:264\u201372.","journal-title":"J Sci Sport Exerc"},{"issue":"2","key":"2176_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.5114\/biolsport.2020.93034","volume":"37","author":"D Gahreman","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gahreman D, Moghadam MA, Hoseininejad E, Dehnou VV, Connor JD, Doma K, et al. Postactivation potentiation effect of two lower body resistance exercises on repeated jump performance measures. Biol Sport. 2020;37(2):105\u201312.","journal-title":"Biol Sport"},{"key":"2176_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marin-Pagan C, Blazevich AJ, Chung LH, Romero-Arenas S, Freitas TT, Alcaraz PE. Acute physiological responses to high-intensity resistance circuit training vs. traditional strength training in soccer players. Biology-Basel. 2020 Nov;9(11).","DOI":"10.3390\/biology9110383"},{"issue":"3","key":"2176_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2010.529455","volume":"29","author":"RL Carregaro","year":"2011","unstructured":"Carregaro RL, Gentil P, Brown LE, Pinto RS, Bottaro M. Effects of antagonist pre-load on knee extensor isokinetic muscle performance. J Sports Sci. 2011;29(3):271\u20138.","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"2176_CR51","first-page":"502","volume":"17","author":"L Antunes","year":"2018","unstructured":"Antunes L, Bezerra ED, Sakugawa RL, Dal Pupo J. Effect of cadence on volume and myoelectric activity during agonist-antagonist paired sets (supersets) in the lower body. Sports Biomech. 2018;17(4):502.","journal-title":"Sports Biomech."},{"issue":"3","key":"2176_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.70252\/SIFA1254","volume":"10","author":"CM Bentes","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bentes CM, Costa PB, Corr\u00eaa Neto VG, Sim\u00e3o R, Paz GA, Maia MF, et al. Hypotensive responses of reciprocal supersets versus traditional resistance training in apparently healthy men. Int J Exerc Sci. 2017;10(3):434\u201345.","journal-title":"Int J Exerc Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"2176_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e3181d3e993","volume":"24","author":"AR Kelleher","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kelleher AR, Hackney KJ, Fairchild TJ, Keslacy S, Ploutz-Snyder LL. The metabolic costs of reciprocal supersets vs. traditional resistance exercise in young recreationally active adults. J Strength Cond Res. 2010;24(4):1043\u201351.","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"2176_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2433","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000002353","volume":"33","author":"GA Paz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Paz GA, Iglesias-Soler E, Willardson JM, Maia MD, Miranda H. Postexercise hypotension and heart rate variability responses subsequent to traditional, paired set, and superset resistance training methods. J Strength Cond Res. 2019;33(9):2433\u201342.","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"2176_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2777","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000001059","volume":"31","author":"GA Paz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Paz GA, Robbins DW, De Oliveira CG, Bottaro M, Miranda H. Volume load and neuromuscular fatigue during an acute bout of agonist-antagonist paired-set vs. traditional-set training. J Strength Cond Res. 2017;31(10):2777\u201384.","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"2176_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2709","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000003920","volume":"36","author":"RA Realzola","year":"2022","unstructured":"Realzola RA, Mang ZA, Millender DJ, Beam JR, Bellovary BN, Wells AD, et al. Metabolic profile of reciprocal supersets in young, recreationally active women and men. J Strength Cond Res. 2022;36(10):2709\u201316.","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"2176_CR57","first-page":"1991","volume":"59","author":"GA Paz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Paz GA, Maia MF, Salerno VP, Coburn J, Willardson JM, Miranda H. Neuromuscular responses for resistance training sessions adopting traditional, superset, paired set and circuit methods. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2019;59(12):1991\u20132002.","journal-title":"J Sports Med Phys Fitness"},{"issue":"6","key":"2176_CR58","first-page":"13","volume":"17","author":"G Paz","year":"2014","unstructured":"Paz G, Maia M, Melibeu Bentes C, Figueiredo T, Salerno V, Sim\u00e3o R, et al. Effect of agonist-antagonist paired set training vs. traditional set training on post-resistance exercise hypotension. J Exerc Physiol Online. 2014;17(6):13.","journal-title":"J Exerc Physiol Online"},{"key":"2176_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-017-0788-x","volume":"48","author":"J Grgic","year":"2018","unstructured":"Grgic J, Schoenfeld BJ, Skrepnik M, Davies TB, Mikulic P. Effects of rest interval duration in resistance training on measures of muscular strength: a systematic review. Sports Med. 2018;48:137\u201351.","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"2176_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2529","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000000451","volume":"28","author":"MF Maia","year":"2014","unstructured":"Maia MF, Willardson JM, Paz GA, Miranda H. Effects of different rest intervals between antagonist paired sets on repetition performance and muscle activation. J Strength Cond Res. 2014;28(9):2529\u201335.","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"2176_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-014-0253-z","volume":"44","author":"SL Halson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Halson SL. Monitoring training load to understand fatigue in athletes. Sports Med. 2014;44(2):139\u201347.","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"2176_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2181","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-021-01486-x","volume":"51","author":"R Simmons","year":"2021","unstructured":"Simmons R, Doma K, Sinclair W, Connor J, Leicht A. Acute effects of training loads on muscle damage markers and performance in semi-elite and elite athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Med. 2021;51(10):2181\u2013207.","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"issue":"24","key":"2176_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2856","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2018.1480052","volume":"36","author":"R Mora-Custodio","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mora-Custodio R, Rodr\u00edguez-Rosell D, Y\u00e1\u00f1ez-Garc\u00eda JM, S\u00e1nchez-Moreno M, Pareja-Blanco F, Gonz\u00e1lez-Badillo JJ. Effect of different inter-repetition rest intervals across four load intensities on velocity loss and blood lactate concentration during full squat exercise. J Sports Sci. 2018;36(24):2856\u201364.","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2176_CR64","first-page":"30","volume":"5","author":"H Arazi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Arazi H, Mirzaei B, Heidari N. Neuromuscular and metabolic responses to three different resistance exercise methods. Asian J Sports Med. 2014;5(1):30.","journal-title":"Asian J Sports Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2176_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e318260ec77","volume":"27","author":"S Buitrago","year":"2013","unstructured":"Buitrago S, Wirtz N, Yue Z, Klein\u00f6der H, Mester J. Mechanical load and physiological responses of four different resistance training methods in bench press exercise. J Strength Cond Res. 2013;27(4):1091\u2013100.","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"2176_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1350","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000004508","volume":"37","author":"A Rosa","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rosa A, Coleman M, Haun C, Grgic J, Schoenfeld BJ. Repetition performance, rating of perceived discomfort, and blood lactate responses to different rest interval lengths in single-joint and multijoint lower-body exercise. J Strength Cond Res. 2023;37(7):1350\u20137.","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"2176_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e31825d9bd9","volume":"27","author":"AS Date","year":"2013","unstructured":"Date AS, Simonson SR, Ransdell LB, Gao Y. Lactate response to different volume patterns of power clean. J Strength Cond Res. 2013;27(3):604\u201310.","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"2176_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e318213f880","volume":"43","author":"L Sanchez-Medina","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sanchez-Medina L, Gonz\u00e1lez-Badillo JJ. Velocity loss as an indicator of neuromuscular fatigue during resistance training. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2011;43(9):1725\u201334.","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"issue":"12","key":"2176_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2607","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-021-01522-w","volume":"51","author":"K Saidi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Saidi K, Abderrahman AB, Hackney AC, Bideau B, Zouita S, Granacher U, et al. Hematology, hormones, inflammation, and muscle damage in elite and professional soccer players: a systematic review with implications for exercise. Sports Med. 2021;51(12):2607\u201327.","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2176_CR70","first-page":"581","volume":"59","author":"V Manojlovi\u0107","year":"2019","unstructured":"Manojlovi\u0107 V, Er\u010dulj F. Using blood lactate concentration to predict muscle damage and jump performance response to maximal stretch-shortening cycle exercise. J Sports Med Phys Fit. 2019;59(4):581\u20136.","journal-title":"J Sports Med Phys Fit"},{"key":"2176_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.827847","volume":"13","author":"GW Senna","year":"2022","unstructured":"Senna GW, Dantas EHM, Scudese E, Brand\u00e3o PP, Lira VA, Baffi M, et al. Higher muscle damage triggered by shorter inter-set rest periods in volume-equated resistance exercise. Front Physiol. 2022;13: 827847.","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2176_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1186\/s13102-023-00657-9","volume":"15","author":"A Pisz","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pisz A, Blazek D, Jebavy R, Kolinger D, Wilk M, Krzysztofik M, et al. Antagonist activation exercises elicit similar post-activation performance enhancement as agonist activities on throwing performance. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2023;15(1):44.","journal-title":"BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"1","key":"2176_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1080\/15438627.2014.975812","volume":"23","author":"H Miranda","year":"2015","unstructured":"Miranda H, Maia MdF, Paz GA, Costa PB. Acute effects of antagonist static stretching in the inter-set rest period on repetition performance and muscle activation. Res Sports Med. 2015;23(1):37\u201350.","journal-title":"Res Sports Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"2176_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.111.177071","volume":"58","author":"VA Cornelissen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cornelissen VA, Fagard RH, Coeckelberghs E, Vanhees L. Impact of resistance training on blood pressure and other cardiovascular risk factors: a meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials. Hypertension. 2011;58(5):950\u20138.","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"22","key":"2176_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2642","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.584060","volume":"113","author":"RW Braith","year":"2006","unstructured":"Braith RW, Stewart KJ. Resistance exercise training: its role in the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Circulation. 2006;113(22):2642\u201350.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"10","key":"2176_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1038\/s41371-020-0297-5","volume":"34","author":"RY Fecchio","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fecchio RY, Brito LCd, Pe\u00e7anha T, Forjaz CLdM. Post-exercise hypotension and its hemodynamic determinants depend on the calculation approach. J Human Hypertens. 2020;34(10):719\u201326.","journal-title":"J Human Hypertens"},{"issue":"5","key":"2176_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1038\/s41440-020-00596-9","volume":"44","author":"FP Boeno","year":"2021","unstructured":"Boeno FP, Munhoz SV, Ramis TR, Leal-Menezes R, Fragoso EB, M\u00fcller DC, et al. Postexercise hypotension predicts the chronic effects of resistance training in middle-aged hypertensive individuals: a pilot study. Hypertens Res. 2021;44(5):598\u2013600.","journal-title":"Hypertens Res"},{"issue":"13","key":"2176_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4456","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12134456","volume":"12","author":"K Aly","year":"2023","unstructured":"Aly K, Yeung PK. Post-exercise hypotension: an alternative management strategy for hypertension and cardiovascular disease? J Clin Med. 2023;12(13):4456.","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"2176_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-023-01844-x","volume":"53","author":"C Dudley","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dudley C, Johnston R, Jones B, Till K, Westbrook H, Weakley J. Methods of monitoring internal and external loads and their relationships with physical qualities, injury, or illness in adolescent athletes: a systematic review and best-evidence synthesis. Sports Med. 2023;53(8):1559\u201393.","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"2176_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3141","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-011-2300-x","volume":"112","author":"JP Hardee","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hardee JP, Lawrence MM, Utter AC, Triplett NT, Zwetsloot KA, McBride JM. Effect of inter-repetition rest on ratings of perceived exertion during multiple sets of the power clean. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2012;112:3141\u20137.","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2176_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.2466\/06.05.25.PMS.115.4.273-282","volume":"115","author":"BQ Farah","year":"2012","unstructured":"Farah BQ, Lima AH, Lins-Filho OL, Souza DJ, Silva GQ, Robertson RJ, et al. Effects of rest interval length on rating of perceived exertion during a multiple-set resistance exercise. Percept Mot Skills. 2012;115(1):273\u201382.","journal-title":"Percept Mot Skills"},{"issue":"8","key":"2176_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2114","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000003101","volume":"35","author":"IM Ho","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ho IM, Luk JT, Ngo JK, Wong DP. Effects of different intraset rest durations on lifting performance and self-perceived exertion during bench press exercise. J Strength Condit Res. 2021;35(8):2114\u201320.","journal-title":"J Strength Condit Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"2176_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2954","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000000958","volume":"29","author":"BJ Schoenfeld","year":"2015","unstructured":"Schoenfeld BJ, Peterson MD, Ogborn D, Contreras B, Sonmez GT. Effects of low- vs. high-load resistance training on muscle strength and hypertrophy in well-trained men. J Strength Condit Res. 2015;29(10):2954\u201363.","journal-title":"J Strength Condit Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"2176_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000002585","volume":"53","author":"P Lopez","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lopez P, Radaelli R, Taaffe DR, Newton RU, Galv\u00e3o DA, Trajano GS, et al. Resistance training load effects on muscle hypertrophy and strength gain: systematic review and network meta-analysis. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2021;53(6):1206\u201316.","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"2176_CR85","unstructured":"Baechle TR, Earle RW. Essentials of strength training and conditioning: Human kinetics; 2008."}],"container-title":["Sports Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40279-025-02176-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40279-025-02176-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40279-025-02176-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,21]],"date-time":"2025-04-21T03:02:45Z","timestamp":1745204565000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40279-025-02176-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]]},"references-count":85,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["2176"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40279-025-02176-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0112-1642","1179-2035"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0112-1642","type":"print"},{"value":"1179-2035","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 January 2025","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 February 2025","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"No external sources of funding were used to assist in the preparation of this article.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Funding"}},{"value":"The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}},{"value":"The datasets generated and\/or analyzed during the current review are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Availability of Data and Material"}},{"value":"XZ and\u00a0HSL\u00a0performed the meta-analysis and XZ wrote the first draft of the manuscript. All authors edited and revised the manuscript and approved the final version of the manuscript.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Author Contributions"}}]}}