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Computed tomography (CT) imaging is commonly used to assess rugby-related head injuries, including SRC, subjecting children to ionising radiation. In addition, there is concern about the relationship between SRC, repetitive head impacts and neurodegeneration.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>To review and correlate the imaging findings of head injuries in school-level rugby players from a public tertiary referral centre and a private multi-centre radiology service.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Descriptive, retrospective cross-sectional correlational study for the 2014\u20132023 period.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Anonymised data were collected from the radiological information systems of a tertiary referral centre and a private radiology provider. Data included participant age, imaging modality, study type, date, findings and SRC status. The public and private datasets were analysed using descriptive and comparative statistics.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A total of 369 cases were identified (public <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009132, 36%). Mean participant age was 15 (\u00b1\u20092.5) years, with 78% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009289) clinically deemed to have an SRC. CT was performed in 347 (94%) cases, with abnormal findings reported in 50 studies (public <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200932). The most common findings were craniofacial fractures (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200928) and intracranial injuries (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200919). The sensitivity of CT for detecting SRC was 14%. Public sector participants were more likely to have an SRC (odds ratio: 8.39; 95% CI 8.37\u20138.41, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>CT demonstrates limited utility in the context of SRC beyond detecting craniofacial fractures or surgical emergencies, reinforcing clinical assessment as the diagnostic cornerstone. Protocol optimisation should prioritise radiation risk mitigation through strict adherence to paediatric low-dose guidelines.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-025-02195-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]],"date-time":"2025-03-28T15:23:22Z","timestamp":1743175402000},"page":"1783-1795","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Radiological Correlates of Head Injuries in School-Level Rugby Union: A 10-Year Retrospective Cross-Sectional Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2858-0863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Riaan","family":"van Tonder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hofmeyr","family":"Viljoen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christelle","family":"Ackermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"2195_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30371-X","volume":"16","author":"AIR Maas","year":"2017","unstructured":"Maas AIR, Menon DK, Adelson PD, Andelic N, Bell MJ, Belli A, et al. 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S24\/03\/076). Imaging data were collected retrospectively in an anonymised manner that precludes tracing back to specific participants. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":8,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Code availability"}},{"value":"The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of any affiliated agency of the authors.","order":9,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclaimer"}},{"value":"All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by R.v.T.; H.V. and C.A. provided supervision. The first draft of the manuscript was written by R.v.T. and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.","order":10,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Author contributions"}}]}}