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JR is currently employed part-time by New Zealand Rugby as a Concussion Scientist and is enrolled as a PhD candidate at the University of Otago. RT serves as a consultant for World Rugby. DS was employed by New Zealand Rugby at the time of the study, received research funding from World Rugby and is currently employed by the International Rugby Players Association. EF is the Chief Medical Officer for World Rugby. BN is currently employed by Prevent Biometrics as the Director of Applied Science and Integration, and was a research assistant at the University of Otago during the time of the study. While several authors hold roles within professional rugby organisations, these are disclosed in the interest of transparency. No author received direct compensation for the conduct or reporting of this study. The authors affirm that these affiliations did not influence the study design, data interpretation or manuscript preparation. All other authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of Interest"}},{"value":"The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. This study involved human participants and was approved by the University of Otago Human Ethics Committee ID:H21_056UOHEC (Health) ID H21_056.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from all players; legal guardian consent was also obtained from players under the age of 16\u00a0years.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}},{"value":"Data are available on reasonable request to the corresponding author.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Availability of Data and Material"}},{"value":"Custom codes for data processing are hosted on GitHub and can be shared upon request after all manuscripts have been accepted for publication.","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Code Availability"}},{"value":"MDB, DS, RT and EF conceived and planned the study. 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