{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T18:04:11Z","timestamp":1790013851690,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":116,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789948800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789948800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Hong Kong Baptist University","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0145fw131","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sports Med"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This conceptual, implementation-oriented paper proposes a framework for precision prevention centred on physical activity promotion and early risk mitigation, aiming to support a shift from reactive disease management toward proactive prevention. The proposed framework focuses on the early identification of risk trajectories by integrating biological, environmental, and social determinants of health through systems thinking, multi-omics technologies, digital health, and behavioural science. It aims to inform tailored, context-sensitive interventions that will help to mitigate chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), while supporting lifelong resilience. Within this framework, physical activity is positioned as the central, modifiable anchor behaviour through which personalised prevention strategies may be operationalised. Building on the 2025 Hamburg Declaration and the Global Alliance for the Promotion of Physical Activity\u2019s (GA@PA) mission, this conceptual paper proposes a multidimensional model, combining personalised strategies for physical activity, nutrition, sleep, and mental health with contextual environmental adaptations. By bringing together stakeholders across multiple sectors, including healthcare, education, urban planning, sport organisations, industry, and community groups, GA@PA aims to strengthen global collaboration and to accelerate the implementation of evidence-based strategies for physical activity promotion. Emerging technologies, including digital twins, wearable biosensors and artificial intelligence (AI)-driven analytics, are discussed as potential enabling tools for real-time monitoring and for providing input for adaptive interventions, while mobile health platforms may extend access to underserved populations. Rather than providing prescriptive solutions, the paper outlines key implementation fundamentals. These include technological infrastructure with interoperable biosensors and AI aligned with prevailing ethical frameworks such as the AI Act and UNESCO recommendations; interdisciplinary research on resilience and outlier populations; policy and education reform, including routine assessment of physical activity as a vital sign within healthcare encounters; and cross-sector collaboration spanning urban design to sport-for-development initiatives such as the International Olympic Committee (IOC)\u2019s Olympism365. Sports organisations may support broader participation through sport-for-all programmes. The framework emphasises equity, cultural adaptation, and community co-design as critical features for scalability across diverse global contexts, highlighting the role of sport, fitness, and public health partnerships in creating a context where healthy choices become accessible and sustainable. Overall, this conceptual paper outlines a practice-informed framework proposing precision prevention as an evolving and testable implementation framework for supporting sustainable and equitable prevention systems. By integrating science, technology and policy through a multisectoral lens, precision prevention is proposed as a testable pathway to reduce the NCD burden, to enhance the health span and to foster resilient societies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-026-02495-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T15:57:01Z","timestamp":1790006221000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Precision Prevention for Health: The Global Alliance Framework for the Promotion of Physical Activity"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8901-9450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00fcrgen M.","family":"Steinacker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7136-6382","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Willem","family":"van Mechelen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2294-921X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lars","family":"Engebretsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9227-8234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evert","family":"Verhagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8786-0438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mats","family":"B\u00f6rjesson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7757-3235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcela","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Gross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark R.","family":"Hutchinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"Zupet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Herbert","family":"L\u00f6llgen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1058-6992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dina C. 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Non-financial competing interests, including professional roles, affiliations, and leadership positions relevant to physical activity, sport, exercise, and health promotion, have been disclosed in accordance with the journal\u2019s policy on competing interests. Willem van Mechelen is an Editorial Board member of Sports Medicine, but was not involved in the selection of peer reviewers for this article or in any of the subsequent editorial decisions.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflicts of Interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical Approval and Consent to Participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for Publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analysed during the current study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Availability of Data and Material","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The evidence cited in this article reflects peer-reviewed literature selected to support key concepts relevant to precision prevention and the promotion of physical activity. While the article does not aim to provide an exhaustive or systematically weighted review of all available studies, references were chosen to reflect established findings, representative examples, and emerging evidence across multiple disciplines. The framework is intended to stimulate further context-sensitive empirical testing rather than to assert definitive causal claims.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","label":"Evidence Base and Scope","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Given the international and multidisciplinary nature of this consortium, co-authorship should not be interpreted as indicating direct collaboration between all authors and all represented institutions. Author affiliations are provided solely to identify the institutional appointments of individual contributors.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","label":"Author Affiliation Statement","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Conceptualization: Y.P., F.P., W.M., J.S. Framework development and coordination: Y.P., F.P., W.M., J.S. Writing \u2013 original draft: Y.P. Writing \u2013 review and editing: All authors; Methodological input and domain expertise: All authors; Visualization and figures: Y.P., F.P., J.S. Project administration: Y.P. Supervision: Y.P. All authors reviewed and approved the final version.","order":7,"name":"Ethics","label":"Author Contributions","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}