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Despite the strict inclusion\/exclusion criteria, AF recurrence after CA remains high. Identification of a novel biomarker that would predict AF recurrence would help to stratify the patients. The aim of the study was to seek novel biomarkers among the plasmatic microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A prospective monocentric study was conducted. A total of 49 consecutive AF patients indicated for CA were included. Blood sampling was performed prior to CA. RNA was isolated from plasma using commercial kits. In the exploration phase, small RNA sequencing was performed in ten AF patients (five with and five without AF recurrence) using Illumina instrument. In the validation phase, levels of selected miRNAs were determined using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in all participants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Altogether, 22 miRNAs were identified as altered between the groups by next-generation sequencing (using the DESeq2 algorithm). Using qRT-PCR, levels of the five most altered miRNAs (miR-190b\/206\/326\/505-5p\/1296-5p) were verified in the whole cohort. Plasma levels of hsa-miR-206 were significantly higher in patients with early (within 6 months) AF recurrence and showed an increase of risk recurrence,2.65 times by every increase in its level by 1 unit in the binary logistic regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We have identified a set of 22 plasmatic miRNAs that differ between the patients with and without AF recurrence after CA and confirmed hsa-miR-206 as a novel miRNA associated with early AF recurrence. Results shall be verified in a larger independent cohort.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40291-024-00698-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,8]],"date-time":"2024-03-08T13:02:14Z","timestamp":1709902934000},"page":"301-310","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Identification of Plasmatic MicroRNA-206 as New Predictor of Early Recurrence of Atrial Fibrillation After Catheter Ablation Using Next-generation Sequencing"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Filip","family":"\u0160ustr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T\u00e1\u0148a","family":"Mach\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Pe\u0161l","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jana","family":"Sva\u010dinova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karol\u00edna","family":"Trachtov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zden\u011bk","family":"St\u00e1rek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bohuslav","family":"Kiani\u010dka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ond\u0159ej","family":"Slab\u00fd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5204-2067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Nov\u00e1k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"698_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493019897870","volume":"16","author":"G Lippi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lippi G, Sanchis-Gomar F, Cervellin G. 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PLoS ONE. 2015;10(3): e0122674. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0122674.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"}],"container-title":["Molecular Diagnosis &amp; Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40291-024-00698-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40291-024-00698-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40291-024-00698-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T10:04:14Z","timestamp":1761300254000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40291-024-00698-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,8]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]}},"alternative-id":["698"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40291-024-00698-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1177-1062","1179-2000"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1177-1062","type":"print"},{"value":"1179-2000","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 January 2024","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 March 2024","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"F\u0160 and JN were responsible for study design, assembly of data, data interpretation and manuscript draft\/final version preparation. TM was responsible for the laboratory analysis performance and interpretation. MP and ZS were responsible for study design set-up, patient enrolment and follow-up. JS and KT were responsible for processing of the sequencing data and biostatistics. BK and OS provided senior supervision over the whole course of the study and critically revised the final version of the manuscript.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Author Contributions"}},{"value":"The authors (F\u0160, TM, MP, JS, KT, ZS, BK, OS and JN) have declared that no conflict of interest exists.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declaration of\u00a0Competing Interest"}},{"value":"This study was supported by the Support of Internal Pilot Research Projects of the St. Anne\u2019s University Hospital in Brno, Specific research of the Masaryk University (MUNI\/A\/1156\/2021,\u00a0MUNI\/A\/1377\/2022 and MUNI\/A\/1555\/2023) and by the \u201cNational Institute for Research of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases\u201d project (Programme EXCELES, No. LX22NPO5104) funded by the European Union \u2013 Next Generation. Funding sources did not have any influence on study design and on data collection, analysis and interpretation and did not influence the writing of the manuscript.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Funding"}},{"value":"The data from RNA sequencing are available on request with the authors.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Data Availability"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the ethics committee of the St. Anne\u00b4s University Hospital in Brno (approval 3G\/2016) and was performed according to the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent (Participation and Publication)"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":8,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Code Availability"}}]}}