{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T11:25:20Z","timestamp":1773833120135,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769126400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769126400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004622","name":"KWF Kankerbestrijding","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["10382"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10382"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004622","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004622","name":"KWF Kankerbestrijding","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004622","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Diagn Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40291-026-00831-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T11:43:59Z","timestamp":1769168639000},"page":"369-375","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Diagnostic Performance of the ASCL1\/ZNF582 Methylation Test for Detection of High-Grade Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Vulvar Cancer"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Dominique C.","family":"de Vries","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Flavia","family":"Runello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sylvia","family":"Duin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Berkhof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renske D. M.","family":"Steenbergen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9610-8064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maaike C. G.","family":"Bleeker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"831_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1111\/his.15050","volume":"84","author":"NB Thuijs","year":"2024","unstructured":"Thuijs NB, et al. High-grade vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: comprehensive characterization and long-term vulvar carcinoma risk. Histopathology. 2024;84(2):301\u201314.","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"issue":"1","key":"831_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33198","volume":"148","author":"NB Thuijs","year":"2021","unstructured":"Thuijs NB, et al. Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: incidence and long-term risk of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Cancer. 2021;148(1):90\u20138.","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"8","key":"831_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-16-0019","volume":"25","author":"MC Bleeker","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bleeker MC, et al. Lichen sclerosus: incidence and risk of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Epidemiol Biomark Prev. 2016;25(8):1224\u201330.","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomark Prev"},{"issue":"2","key":"831_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1097\/LGT.0000000000000794","volume":"28","author":"FO Voss","year":"2024","unstructured":"Voss FO, et al. Incidence and risk factors for recurrence and progression of HPV-independent vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia. J Low Genit Tract Dis. 2024;28(2):153\u20139.","journal-title":"J Low Genit Tract Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"831_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1097\/LGT.0000000000000683","volume":"26","author":"M Preti","year":"2022","unstructured":"Preti M, et al. The European Society of Gynaecological Oncology (ESGO), the International Society for the Study of Vulvovaginal Disease (ISSVD), the European College for the Study of Vulval Disease (ECSVD) and the European Federation for Colposcopy (EFC) consensus statements on pre-invasive vulvar lesions. J Low Genit Tract Dis. 2022;26(3):229\u201344.","journal-title":"J Low Genit Tract Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"831_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1097\/LGT.0000000000000559","volume":"24","author":"N Green","year":"2020","unstructured":"Green N, et al. Management of vulvar cancer precursors: a survey of the International Society for the Study of Vulvovaginal Disease. J Low Genit Tract Dis. 2020;24(4):387\u201391.","journal-title":"J Low Genit Tract Dis"},{"key":"831_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Voss FO, et al. Clinical validation of methylation biomarkers for optimal detection of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia with a high cancer risk. Int J Cancer. 2023.","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.34537"},{"issue":"1","key":"831_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1111\/tog.12906","volume":"26","author":"I Henderson","year":"2024","unstructured":"Henderson I, et al. The diagnosis and management of vulval intraepithelial neoplasia. Obstet Gynaecol. 2024;26(1):18\u201326.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"831_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Committee Opinion No. 675: management of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia. Obstet Gynecol. 2016;128(4):e178\u2013e182.","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000001713"},{"issue":"2","key":"831_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-021-03070-0","volume":"479","author":"S Dasgupta","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dasgupta S, et al. Histological interpretation of differentiated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (dVIN) remains challenging-observations from a bi-national ring-study. Virchows Arch. 2021;479(2):305\u201315.","journal-title":"Virchows Arch"},{"issue":"4","key":"831_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1097\/LGT.0000000000000569","volume":"24","author":"T Day","year":"2020","unstructured":"Day T, et al. Clinicopathologic diagnosis of differentiated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia and vulvar aberrant maturation. J Low Genit Tract Dis. 2020;24(4):392\u20138.","journal-title":"J Low Genit Tract Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"831_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy601","volume":"68","author":"RP van der Zee","year":"2019","unstructured":"van der Zee RP, et al. Host cell deoxyribonucleic acid methylation markers for the detection of high-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia and anal cancer. Clin Infect Dis. 2019;68(7):1110\u20137.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"831_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvr.2024.200308","volume":"19","author":"S Dick","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dick S, et al. Clinical indications for host-cell DNA methylation markers in cervical screening and management of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: a review. Tumour Virus Res. 2024;19:200308.","journal-title":"Tumour Virus Res"},{"key":"831_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252312714","author":"A Pulliero","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pulliero A, et al. The role of microRNA expression and DNA methylation in HPV-related cervical cancer: a systematic review. Int J Mol Sci. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms252312714.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"831_CR15","first-page":"2164","volume-title":"Molecular risk stratification for anal cancer prevention","author":"GM Clifford","year":"2021","unstructured":"Clifford GM, Alberts CJ. Molecular risk stratification for anal cancer prevention. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2021. p. 2164\u20136."},{"issue":"12","key":"831_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2154","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa397","volume":"72","author":"RP van der Zee","year":"2021","unstructured":"van der Zee RP, et al. Cancer risk stratification of anal intraepithelial neoplasia in human immunodeficiency virus\u2013positive men by validated methylation markers associated with progression to cancer. Clin Infect Dis. 2021;72(12):2154\u201363.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"831_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.modpat.2024.100553","volume":"37","author":"FO Voss","year":"2024","unstructured":"Voss FO, et al. DNA methylation and p53 immunohistochemistry as prognostic biomarkers for vulvar lichen sclerosus. Mod Pathol. 2024;37(9):100553.","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"issue":"10","key":"831_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2481","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33459","volume":"148","author":"NB Thuijs","year":"2021","unstructured":"Thuijs NB, et al. DNA methylation markers for cancer risk prediction of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia. Int J Cancer. 2021;148(10):2481\u20138.","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"831_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvr.2023.200275","volume":"17","author":"K Rozemeijer","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rozemeijer K, et al. Analytical validation and diagnostic performance of the ASCL1\/ZNF582 methylation test for detection of high-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia and anal cancer. Tumour Virus Res. 2024;17:200275.","journal-title":"Tumour Virus Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"831_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-025-03954-x","volume":"23","author":"S Becker","year":"2025","unstructured":"Becker S, et al. Non-invasive diagnosis of vulvar dysplasia using cervical methylation markers-a case control study. BMC Med. 2025;23(1):128.","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"831_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1136\/ijgc-2023-004486","volume":"33","author":"MHM Oonk","year":"2023","unstructured":"Oonk MHM, et al. European Society of Gynaecological Oncology Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Vulvar Cancer - Update 2023. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2023;33(7):1023\u201343.","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"}],"container-title":["Molecular Diagnosis & Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40291-026-00831-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40291-026-00831-y","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40291-026-00831-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T08:33:16Z","timestamp":1773822796000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40291-026-00831-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["831"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40291-026-00831-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1177-1062","1179-2000"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1177-1062","type":"print"},{"value":"1179-2000","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 January 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 January 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This work was funded by the Dutch Cancer Society (KWF Kankerbestrijding; grant numbers 10382 and 17009).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Funding"}},{"value":"R.D.M. Steenbergen is a minority shareholder of Self-screen B.V., which develops, manufactures and licenses high-risk HPV and methylation marker assays and holds patents on these tests. R.D.M. Steenbergen also declares consultancy fees from AstraZeneca paid to her institution. All the other authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The data generated in this study are available upon reasonable request from the corresponding author.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Availability of data and material"}},{"value":"For the use of archived material, we adhered to the Code of Conduct for Responsible Use of Left-over Material of the Dutch Federation of Biomedical Scientific Societies. Ethical approval was granted by the Medical Ethical Committee of the Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, for the collection and use of healthy vulvar samples (reference number 2017.626), for the collection and use of high-grade VIN, LSIL and LS samples (2017.561) and for the collection and use of vulvar cancer samples (2021.671).","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Conceptualization: JB, RDMS and MCGB. Methodology: DCV, FR, JB, RDMS and MCGB. Formal analysis: DCV and FR. Interpretation: DCV, FR, JB, RDMS and MCGB. Investigation: SD. Supervision: RDMS and MCGB. Visualization: DCV and FR. Writing\u2014original draft: DCV and FR. Writing\u2014review and editing: DCV, FR, SD, JB, RDMS and MCGB. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Author contributions"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent (participation and publication)"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":8,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Code availability"}}]}}