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The effect of each fruit extract on the growth inhibition of\n                      <jats:italic>S. mutans<\/jats:italic>\n                      over 6 h was determined. Sterile deionized water served as a negative control and chlorhexidine (0.2%) served as a positive control.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Extracts of raisins, cranberries, and cherries, as well as pomegranate peel extract and juice, inhibited\n                      <jats:italic>S. mutans<\/jats:italic>\n                      growth in a dose-dependent manner. Significant inhibition at 6 h was observed for raisin, cranberry and cherry extracts at 5 and 20 \u03bcg\/\u03bcl, as well as for pomegranate peel extract and juice at 1 \u2013 20 \u03bcg\/\u03bcl (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05 vs. negative control). Among the highest concentrations tested, pomegranate peel extract (20 \u03bcg\/\u03bcl) demonstrated the strongest inhibition, statistically significantly surpassing raisin, cranberry and cherry extracts, and pomegranate juice. Notably, the inhibitory effect of pomegranate peel extract did not differ from chlorhexidine, indicating that at this concentration it is as effective as the positive control.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among fruit extracts, pomegranate peel extract (20 \u03bcg\/\u03bcl), was the most effective inhibitor of\n                      <jats:italic>S. mutans<\/jats:italic>\n                      in vitro, matching the activity of chlorhexidine (0.2%), and could be further developed as a natural alternative for oral health applications.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40368-025-01156-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T17:22:02Z","timestamp":1768843322000},"page":"877-885","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The effect of fruit extracts containing phenolic compounds on the survivability of Streptococcus mutans: an in vitro study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Karin","family":"Zornitzki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel Z.","family":"Bar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avital","family":"Shmerling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sigalit","family":"Blumer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gisela","family":"Berenstein Ajzman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"1156_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.4314\/ovj.v8i4.20","volume":"8","author":"YM Abouzeed","year":"2018","unstructured":"Abouzeed YM, Zgheel F, Elfahem AA, Almagarhe MS, Dhawi A, Elbaz A, et al. 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