{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T10:36:44Z","timestamp":1792665404120,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773273600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007374","name":"Universidade Federal De Minas Gerais","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007374","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Arch Paediatr Dent"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Supernumerary teeth (ST) are developmental anomalies. However, factors associated with ST have not been extensively reported in the literature. The aim of the present study was to identify factors associated with single supernumerary teeth (SST) and multiple supernumerary teeth (MST) in a non-syndromic Brazilian sample.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional study was conducted with a convenience sample of 305 non-syndromic patients with ST seen over a 10-year period at a paediatric oral surgery service in Southeast Brazil. The outcome variable was the classification of ST as SST or MST. Covariates included age, race, sex, morphology, location, position, eruption status, orientation, associated complications, and treatment modality of ST. The Mann\u2013Whitney test, chi-squared test, and both simple and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 460 ST were identified among the 305 patients, with male predominance (68.2%). Mean age was 9.3\u00a0years. Most patients had SST (62.2%) and 37.8% had MST. ST were primarily located in the maxilla (93.1%), with fewer cases in the mandible or both arches. MST were strongly associated with specific position, eruption, orientation, clinical complication, morphological, and treatment characteristics (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tuberculate and supplemental ST, palatal positioning, and eruption status were significantly associated with an increased likelihood of MST. Moreover, MST were associated with a greater risk of adjacent tooth displacement and greater need for combined orthodontic treatment and extraction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40368-026-01171-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T05:07:34Z","timestamp":1773292054000},"page":"937-944","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Factors associated with single versus multiple supernumerary teeth in a paediatric population: a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"C. de O.","family":"Gomes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. B.","family":"Nogueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. C.","family":"Goulart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V. Z.","family":"Drumond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. A. A.","family":"de Arruda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. G.","family":"Abreu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. L.","family":"Ramos-Jorge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. H. N. G.","family":"Abreu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. A.","family":"Mesquita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"1171_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/crid\/6989796","volume":"2025","author":"M Adhikari","year":"2025","unstructured":"Adhikari M, Jha K, Shah A, Gurung M, Karmacharya K, Gurung S. Dentigerous cyst associated with impacted inverted mesiodens: a report of three cases and a brief literature review. Case Rep Dent. 2025;2025:6989796. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/crid\/6989796.","journal-title":"Case Rep Dent"},{"issue":"5","key":"1171_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1007\/s40368-013-0082-z","volume":"14","author":"RP Anthonappa","year":"2013","unstructured":"Anthonappa RP, King NM, Rabie AB. Aetiology of supernumerary teeth: a literature review. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2013;14(5):279\u201388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40368-013-0082-z.","journal-title":"Eur Arch Paediatr Dent"},{"key":"1171_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e414","DOI":"10.4317\/jced.51499","volume":"4","author":"F Ata-Ali","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ata-Ali F, Ata-Ali J, Pe\u00f1arrocha-Oltra D, Pe\u00f1arrocha-Diago M. Prevalence, etiology, diagnosis, treatment and complications of supernumerary teeth. J Clin Exp Dent. 2014;4:e414\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4317\/jced.51499.","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Dent"},{"issue":"7","key":"1171_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2026","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.15226","volume":"31","author":"SG Azevedo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Azevedo SG, de Oliveira LQR, Martelli-J\u00fanior H, Coletta RD, Machado RA. Tooth anomalies in patients with nonsyndromic orofacial cleft: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oral Dis. 2025;31(7):2026\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/odi.15226.","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"1171_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.5546\/aap.2018.eng.437","volume":"116","author":"F Cammarata-Scalisi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cammarata-Scalisi F, Avenda\u00f1o A, Callea M. Main genetic entities associated with supernumerary teeth. Arch Argent Pediatr. 2018;116(6):437\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5546\/aap.2018.eng.437.","journal-title":"Arch Argent Pediatr"},{"key":"1171_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amsu.2022.103611","volume":"77","author":"E Cano-P\u00e9rez","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cano-P\u00e9rez E, G\u00f3mez-Alegr\u00eda C, Herrera FP, G\u00f3mez-Camargo D, Malambo-Garc\u00eda D. Demographic, clinical, and radiological characteristics of cleidocranial dysplasia: a systematic review of cases reported in south America. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2022;77:103611. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amsu.2022.103611.","journal-title":"Ann Med Surg (Lond)"},{"issue":"6","key":"1171_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e545","DOI":"10.4317\/medoral.19775","volume":"19","author":"M Cassetta","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cassetta M, Altieri F, Giansanti M, Di-Giorgio R, Calasso S. Morphological and topographical characteristics of posterior supernumerary molar teeth: an epidemiological study on 25,186 subjects. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2014;19(6):e545\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4317\/medoral.19775.","journal-title":"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"},{"issue":"5","key":"1171_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e615","DOI":"10.4317\/medoral.23035","volume":"24","author":"J Cort\u00e9s-Bret\u00f3n-Brinkmann","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cort\u00e9s-Bret\u00f3n-Brinkmann J, Mart\u00ednez-Rodr\u00edguez N, Barona-Dorado C, et al. Clinical repercussions and epidemiological considerations of supernumerary canines: a 26 case series. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2019;24(5):e615\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4317\/medoral.23035.","journal-title":"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"},{"issue":"3","key":"1171_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.03.005","volume":"15","author":"CL Davidson","year":"2025","unstructured":"Davidson CL, Smit C, Nel S. Supernumerary teeth: a pictorial review and revised classification. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res. 2025;15(3):454\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.03.005.","journal-title":"J Oral Biol Craniofac Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"1171_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5089","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-022-04540-8","volume":"26","author":"G Fonseca-Souza","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fonseca-Souza G, de Oliveira LB, Wambier LM, Scariot R, Feltrin-Souza J. Tooth abnormalities associated with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate: systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig. 2022;26(8):5089\u2013103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-022-04540-8.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"11","key":"1171_CR11","first-page":"612","volume":"65","author":"MT Garvey","year":"1999","unstructured":"Garvey MT, Barry HJ, Blake M. Supernumerary teeth\u2013an overview of classification, diagnosis and management. J Can Dent Assoc. 1999;65(11):612\u20136.","journal-title":"J Can Dent Assoc"},{"key":"1171_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23804\/ejpd.2024.25.03.01","author":"MR Giuca","year":"2024","unstructured":"Giuca MR. Rare diseases: a challenge in paediatric dentistry. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23804\/ejpd.2024.25.03.01.","journal-title":"Eur J Paediatr Dent"},{"key":"1171_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000011639","author":"B Gupta","year":"2025","unstructured":"Gupta B, Chaudhari MA, Sohi HK, et al. Oral and maxillofacial manifestations of Gardner syndrome: a literature analysis. J Craniofac Surg. 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SCS.0000000000011639.","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"1171_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/dj11100230","volume":"11","author":"E Henninger","year":"2023","unstructured":"Henninger E, Friedli L, Makrygiannakis MA, et al. Supernumerary tooth patterns in non-syndromic white European subjects. Dentistry J. 2023;11(10):230. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/dj11100230.","journal-title":"Dentistry J"},{"issue":"7","key":"1171_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/dj13070317","volume":"13","author":"N Katanaki","year":"2025","unstructured":"Katanaki N, Makrygiannakis MA, Kaklamanos EG. The prevalence of supernumerary teeth in a sample of non-syndromic young patients from Greece. Dentistry J. 2025;13(7):317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/dj13070317.","journal-title":"Dentistry J"},{"issue":"4","key":"1171_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.13331","volume":"97","author":"US Kesmodel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kesmodel US. Cross-sectional studies \u2013 what are they good for? Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2018;97(4):388\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aogs.13331.","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"issue":"1","key":"1171_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41368-025-00405-4","volume":"17","author":"M Kyeong","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kyeong M, Jeong JK, Adasooriya D, et al. Progressive tooth pattern changes in Cilk1-deficient mice depending on Hedgehog signaling. Int J Oral Sci. 2025;17(1):71. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41368-025-00405-4.","journal-title":"Int J Oral Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"1171_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2007.10.016","volume":"313","author":"F Liu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Liu F, Chu EY, Watt B, et al. Wnt\/beta-catenin signaling directs multiple stages of tooth morphogenesis. Dev Biol. 2008;313(1):210\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ydbio.2007.10.016.","journal-title":"Dev Biol"},{"issue":"10","key":"1171_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2611","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.37763","volume":"170","author":"M Lubinsky","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lubinsky M, Kantaputra PN. Syndromes with supernumerary teeth. Am J Med Genet A. 2016;170(10):2611\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajmg.a.37763.","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet A"},{"issue":"4","key":"1171_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.13628","volume":"27","author":"X Ma","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ma X, Jiang Y, Ge H, et al. Epidemiological, clinical, radiographic characterization of non-syndromic supernumerary teeth in Chinese children and adolescents. Oral Dis. 2021;27(4):981\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/odi.13628.","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"1171_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10005-1529","volume":"11","author":"M Maddalone","year":"2018","unstructured":"Maddalone M, Rota E, Amosso E, Porcaro G, Mirabelli L. Evaluation of surgical options for supernumerary teeth in the anterior maxilla. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2018;11(4):294\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5005\/jp-journals-10005-1529.","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pediatr Dent"},{"issue":"1","key":"1171_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-12532-y","volume":"7","author":"T Sagai","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sagai T, Amano T, Maeno A, et al. SHH signaling directed by two oral epithelium-specific enhancers controls tooth and oral development. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):13004. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-017-12532-y.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"1171_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2023.01.004","volume":"163","author":"J Seehra","year":"2023","unstructured":"Seehra J, Mortaja K, Wazwaz F, Papageorgiou SN, Newton JT, Cobourne MT. Interventions to facilitate the successful eruption of impacted maxillary incisor teeth due to the presence of a supernumerary: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2023;163(5):594\u2013608. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajodo.2023.01.004.","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"1171_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/215396","volume":"2014","author":"VP Singh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Singh VP, Sharma A, Sharma S. Supernumerary teeth in Nepalese children. Sci World J. 2014;2014:215396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2014\/215396.","journal-title":"Sci World J"},{"key":"1171_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/hgv.2016.46","volume":"4","author":"M Takahashi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Takahashi M, Hosomichi K, Yamaguchi T, et al. Whole-exome sequencing analysis of supernumerary teeth occurrence in Japanese individuals. Hum Genome var. 2017;4:16046. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/hgv.2016.46.","journal-title":"Hum Genome var"},{"issue":"1","key":"1171_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-022-02151-z","volume":"22","author":"DM Talaat","year":"2022","unstructured":"Talaat DM, Hachim IY, Afifi MM, Talaat IM, ElKateb MA. Assessment of risk factors and molecular biomarkers in children with supernumerary teeth: a single-center study. BMC Oral Health. 2022;22(1):117. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-022-02151-z.","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"1171_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.17159\/sadj.v78i02.16187","volume":"78","author":"E Thomas","year":"2023","unstructured":"Thomas E, Oettle AC, Becker PJ. Supernumerary teeth in a sample of South African dental patients. S Afr Dent J. 2023;78(2):74\u201381.","journal-title":"S Afr Dent J"},{"issue":"2","key":"1171_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.4103\/1119-3077.187332","volume":"20","author":"GS Torun","year":"2017","unstructured":"Torun GS, Akbulut A. Crouzon syndrome with multiple supernumerary teeth. Niger J Clin Pract. 2017;20(2):261\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/1119-3077.187332.","journal-title":"Niger J Clin Pract"},{"key":"1171_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2007.11.008","author":"E von Elm","year":"2008","unstructured":"von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock SJ, G\u00f8tzsche PC, Vandenbroucke JP, et al. The strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. J Clin Epidemiol. 2008. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2007.11.008.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1S","key":"1171_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2020.03.012","volume":"158","author":"X Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang X, Cheng Z. Cross-sectional studies: strengths, weaknesses, and recommendations. Chest. 2020;158(1S):S65\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2020.03.012.","journal-title":"Chest"}],"container-title":["European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40368-026-01171-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40368-026-01171-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40368-026-01171-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T12:47:34Z","timestamp":1783082854000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40368-026-01171-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["1171"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40368-026-01171-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1818-6300","1996-9805"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1818-6300","type":"print"},{"value":"1996-9805","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 September 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 January 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 March 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}