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These were assessed semi-annually for 2\u00a0years using modified USPHS criteria. The radiographic examination was conducted annually, and assessed the presence of furcation\/periapical radiolucencies, pathological root resorption and secondary caries lesion formation. Cox regression analyses were used to determine restoration survival between the two materials; Mc Nemar\u2019s test was used to compare proportions of failure between the two restorative materials. The level of statistical significance was set at\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the 63 children initially included in the study, 55 attended all four recalls, with a total of 120 restorations per material. There was a statistically significantly higher success rate in the RMGIC group compared to GIC (90.8% and 66.7%, respectively,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Most failures of GIC were attributed to partial or total loss of restoration (31.7%).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>RMGIC Class II primary molar restorations had statistically significantly greater success compared to GIC restorations in the 24\u00a0month observation period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40368-026-01184-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T13:46:12Z","timestamp":1771249572000},"page":"1133-1144","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Glass hybrid versus resin-modified glass ionomer cement in class II restorations of primary molars: a 24\u00a0months randomised clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"P.","family":"Papadopoulou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Siokis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Kotsanos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Boka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Arhakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Kotsanos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"1184_CR1","unstructured":"American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. 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