{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T10:01:19Z","timestamp":1789984879456,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778025600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778025600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019751","name":"JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RG240193"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RG240193"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019751","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Arch Paediatr Dent"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40368-026-01218-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T15:14:21Z","timestamp":1778080461000},"page":"1445-1454","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Salivary sialic acid as a diagnostic biomarker for periodontal health in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Shruti","family":"Shukla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhojraj","family":"Nandlal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Subbarao","family":"MVSST","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rashmi","family":"N","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"1218_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abikshyeet, P., Ramesh, V., & Oza, N. (2012). Glucose estimation in the salivary secretion of diabetes mellitus patients.\u00a0Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity: targets and therapy, 149\u2013154.","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S32112"},{"key":"1218_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al-Maweri, S. A., Altayyar, M. O., AlQahtani, K. W., Bamasud, M. S., AlGhamdi, O. Y., Ashraf, S., ... & Kassim, S. (2021). Xerostomia, salivary flow, and Oral health status among Saudi diabetic patients: a comparative cross-sectional study.\u00a0Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry, 451\u2013458.","DOI":"10.2147\/CCIDE.S337581"},{"key":"1218_CR3","unstructured":"Al-Rawi, N. H. (2012). Diabetes, oxidative stress, antioxidants and saliva: a review.\u00a0Oxid Stress Dis, 303\u201310."},{"issue":"7","key":"1218_CR4","volume":"13","author":"RJ Ancy","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ancy RJ, Shenoy RP, Jodalli PS, Sonde L, Mohammed IP, Rj A. Comparative evaluation of salivary sialic acid levels among Beedi rollers and tobacco users in Mangalore, South India. Cureus. 2021;13(7):e16651.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"4","key":"1218_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1634","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jds.2022.03.010","volume":"17","author":"SA Assiri","year":"2022","unstructured":"Assiri SA, El Meligy OAES, Alzain IO, Bamashmous NO. Assessment of dental caries and salivary characteristics among type 1 diabetic Saudi children. J Dent Sci. 2022;17(4):1634\u20139.","journal-title":"J Dent Sci"},{"key":"1218_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2019.07.002","volume":"91","author":"AM Babateen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Babateen AM, Shannon OM, Mathers JC, Siervo M. Validity and reliability of test strips for the measurement of salivary nitrite concentration with and without the use of mouthwash in healthy adults. Nitric Oxide. 2019;91:15\u201322.","journal-title":"Nitric Oxide"},{"issue":"12","key":"1218_CR7","first-page":"17085","volume":"10","author":"Z Bahrololoomi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bahrololoomi Z, Zare Bidoki F, Sajedi S, Pourhosseini M, Pourhosseini N. Evaluation of unstimulated salivary flow and pH in Type I diabetics aged 6\u201316 years. Journal of Pediatric Perspectives. 2022;10(12):17085\u201392.","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Perspectives"},{"issue":"1","key":"1218_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-263X.1998.00057.x","volume":"8","author":"MA Belazi","year":"1998","unstructured":"Belazi MA, Galli-Tsinopoulou A, Drakoulakos D, Fleva A, Papanayiotou PH. Salivary alterations in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Int J Pediatr Dent. 1998;8(1):29\u201333.","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Dent"},{"issue":"1","key":"1218_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1996.0292","volume":"239","author":"IF Benzie","year":"1996","unstructured":"Benzie IF, Strain JJ. The ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) as a measure of \u201cantioxidant power\u201d: the FRAP assay. Anal Biochem. 1996;239(1):70\u20136.","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"issue":"6","key":"1218_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1615","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.54.6.1615","volume":"54","author":"M Brownlee","year":"2005","unstructured":"Brownlee M. The pathobiology of diabetic complications: a unifying mechanism. Diabetes. 2005;54(6):1615\u201325.","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"1218_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S31","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8210.155372","volume":"19","author":"AK Das","year":"2015","unstructured":"Das AK. Type 1 diabetes in India: overall insights. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2015;19:S31\u20133.","journal-title":"Indian J Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"13","key":"1218_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27134285","volume":"27","author":"L Ding","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ding L, Cheng Y, Guo W, Sun S, Chen X, Zhang T, et al. High expression level of \u03b12-3-linked sialic acids on salivary glycoproteins of breastfeeding women may help to protect them from avian influenza virus infection. Molecules. 2022;27(13):4285.","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"3","key":"1218_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.31482\/mmsl.2023.015","volume":"92","author":"FH Fathi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fathi FH, Mohammad JA, Almulathanon AA. Assessment of oxidative stress and antioxidant status in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Mil Med Sci Lett. 2023;92(3):280\u20136.","journal-title":"Mil Med Sci Lett"},{"issue":"2","key":"1218_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1042\/bj1040627","volume":"104","author":"MK Gaitonde","year":"1967","unstructured":"Gaitonde MK. A spectrophotometric method for the direct determination of cysteine in the presence of other naturally occurring amino acids. Biochem J. 1967;104(2):627.","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"issue":"10","key":"1218_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.4103\/1995-7645.291036","volume":"13","author":"M Ghasemi-Dehnoo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ghasemi-Dehnoo M, Amini-Khoei H, Lorigooini Z, Rafieian-Kopaei M. Oxidative stress and antioxidants in diabetes mellitus. Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2020;13(10):431\u20138.","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Trop Med"},{"key":"1218_CR02","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ismail AF, McGrath CP, Yiu CK. Oral health of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2015;108(3):369\u201381.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2015.03.003"},{"issue":"2","key":"1218_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/21.2.253","volume":"21","author":"G Lindberg","year":"1992","unstructured":"Lindberg G, R\u00e5stam L, Gullberg BO, Eklund GA. Serum sialic acid concentration predicts both coronary heart disease and stroke mortality: multivariate analysis including 54385 men and women during 20.5 years follow-up. Int J Epidemiol. 1992;21(2):253\u20137.","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1218_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9150(93)90255-S","volume":"103","author":"G Lindberg","year":"1993","unstructured":"Lindberg G, R\u00e5stam L, Gullberg B, Lundblad A, Nilsson-Ehle P, Hanson BS. Serum concentrations of total sialic acid and sialoglycoproteins in relation to coronary heart disease risk markers. Atherosclerosis. 1993;103(2):123\u20139.","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"issue":"7","key":"1218_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v6.i7.927","volume":"6","author":"F Llamb\u00e9s","year":"2015","unstructured":"Llamb\u00e9s F, Arias-Herrera S, Caffesse R. Relationship between diabetes and periodontal infection. World J Diabetes. 2015;6(7):927.","journal-title":"World J Diabetes"},{"issue":"6","key":"1218_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.3109\/00016356309011240","volume":"21","author":"H L\u00f6e","year":"1963","unstructured":"L\u00f6e H, Silness J. Periodontal disease in pregnancy I. Prevalence and severity. Acta Odontol Scand. 1963;21(6):533\u201351.","journal-title":"Acta Odontol Scand"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"1218_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S121","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10005-2325","volume":"15","author":"R Manjushree","year":"2022","unstructured":"Manjushree R, Anandakrishna L, Ks KP, Shetty AK. Evaluation of salivary components and dental plaque in relation to dental caries status in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2022;15(Suppl 2):S121.","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pediatr Dent"},{"issue":"2","key":"1218_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.4103\/denthyp.denthyp_44_23","volume":"14","author":"SF Obaid","year":"2023","unstructured":"Obaid SF, Munther S, Abbas MH. Relationship between salivary levels of protein carbonyl and total antioxidant capacity and prevalence of dental caries among type 1 diabetic children: An analytical cross-sectional study. Dent Hypothes. 2023;14(2):59\u201361.","journal-title":"Dent Hypothes"},{"issue":"5","key":"1218_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.4103\/njcp.njcp_499_19","volume":"23","author":"S Oktay","year":"2020","unstructured":"Oktay S, Bal \u00d6\u00d6, Kuru LEYLA, Yarat A, Noyan \u00dc. Is sialic acid a promising marker for periodontal diseases? Niger J Clin Pract. 2020;23(5):603\u20139.","journal-title":"Niger J Clin Pract"},{"issue":"2","key":"1218_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.17796\/jcpd.36.2.x436ln878221g364","volume":"36","author":"K Rai","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rai K, Hegde A, Kamath A, Shetty S. Dental caries and salivary alterations in Type I diabetes. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2011;36(2):181\u20134.","journal-title":"J Clin Pediatr Dent"},{"issue":"7","key":"1218_CR24","volume":"11","author":"R Sadeghi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sadeghi R, Taleghani F, Mohammadi S, Zohri Z. The effect of diabetes mellitus type I on periodontal and dental status. J Clin Diagn Res. 2017;11(7):ZC14.","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"key":"1218_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2007.01798.x","volume":"13","author":"GJ Seymour","year":"2007","unstructured":"Seymour GJ, Ford PJ, Cullinan MP, Leishman S, Yamazaki K. Relationship between periodontal infections and systemic disease. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2007;13:3\u201310.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"21","key":"1218_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app132111903","volume":"13","author":"PK Sreenivasan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sreenivasan PK, Nandlal B, Aruna G, Madhunapantula SV. Monitoring salivary sialic acid and sialidase activity to assess oral health status: results of a single site double-blind study. Appl Sci. 2023;13(21):11903.","journal-title":"Appl Sci"},{"key":"1218_CR01","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun H, Saeedi P, Karuranga S, et al. IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global, regional and country-level estimates of diabetes prevalence and health expenditures for 2021 and projections for 2045. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2022;183:109119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2021.109119"},{"key":"1218_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1970.41.1.41","volume":"41","author":"S Turesky","year":"1970","unstructured":"Turesky S. Reduced plaque formation by the chloromethyl analogue vitamine C. J Periodontol. 1970;41:41\u20133.","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1218_CR28","first-page":"237","volume":"41","author":"K Yao","year":"1987","unstructured":"Yao K, Ubuka T. Determination of sialic acids by acidic ninhydrin reaction. Acta Med Okayama. 1987;41(6):237\u201341.","journal-title":"Acta Med Okayama"},{"issue":"2","key":"1218_CR29","first-page":"183","volume":"11","author":"H Zandian","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zandian H, Ardekani AM, Zamaniahari U. Comparison of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of saliva in patients with type 1 diabetes compared to non-diabetics patients. J Emerg Health Care. 2022;11(2):183\u201390.","journal-title":"J Emerg Health Care"}],"container-title":["European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40368-026-01218-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40368-026-01218-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40368-026-01218-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T09:07:22Z","timestamp":1789981642000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40368-026-01218-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["1218"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40368-026-01218-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1818-6300","1996-9805"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1818-6300","type":"print"},{"value":"1996-9805","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 August 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 April 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}